kidney disorders 7.7. urinalysis (image on next slide from: can be used to detect
TRANSCRIPT
Kidney Disorders
7.7
Urinalysis(Image on next slide from: http://lifeinthefastlane.com/education/investigations-tests/urinalysis/)
• can be used to detect many metabolic and kidney disorders as well as urinary tract infections
• urine can be assessed using a dipstick or at a laboratory
Multiple Test Dipstick
Urinalysis
• For more information on how to interpret results of urinalysis dipsticks, go to “Urinalysis for Dummies”:
http://www.impactednurse.com/?p=2144
Diabetes Mellitus
• Type 1 - body cannot produce insulin
• Type 2 - cells fail to use insulin properly
• gestational - hormones of pregnancy interfere with action of insulin
• urinalysis would show high levels of glucose (and greater volumes of urine)
Diabetes Insipidus
• caused by failure to produce ADH or lack of cell response to ADH
• less ADH means that less water is reabsorbed
• causes greater volumes of dilute urine
Bright’s Disease
• also called nephritis, an inflammation of the nephrons
• one type causes destruction of glomerular capillaries
• urinalysis shows large amounts of protein in urine (and greater volumes)
Kidney Stones(Image from: http://healthcareguide4u.blogspot.com/2009/05/kidney-stones.html)
• caused by precipitation of minerals, can be alkaline or acidic
• VERY painful
Kidney Stones - Treatment(Images from: http://www.freeclinicproject.org/the-natural-way-of-passing-kidney-stones)
• time…• lithotripsy (shock-
wave therapy)• ureteroscopy (and
placement of stent or removal of stone)
Dialysis(Image from: http://www.nocturnaldialysis.org/LOWBP.LRG.htm)
• for low-functioning kidneys, dialysis machine can filter blood
• most common is hemodialysis
Dialysis(Image from: http://www.metrohealth.org/body.cfm?id=1452)
• can remove toxic wastes and maintain solute balance, but cannot perform other functions of kidney (hormone release, etc.)
Kidney Transplant(Image from: http://mrbobgardner.blogspot.com/)