kidneys & water balance - ms. burnsu4:l5. kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
KIDNEYS &
WATER BALANCEU4:L5
![Page 2: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each
minute.Without reabsorption of water, you
would produce about 190L of
urine each day!
You usually urinate about 1 L each
day.
![Page 3: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Water reabsorption
occurs passively by osmosis
![Page 4: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Water conservation by the kidney is controlled by a negative feedback
mechanism, which involves a hormone
called antidiuretichormone (ADH). This is
also sometimes called
vasopressin.
![Page 5: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Low water levels in the blood signals the body to
produce ADH
• This hormone increases the permeability of the
distal tubule and collecting duct to water
![Page 6: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
ADH is produced by the
hypothalamus and is released by the pituitary gland in
the brain
![Page 7: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
High water levels in the blood signal the body to
stop producing ADH• The cell membranes of the distal tubule and the collecting duct become impermeable to water
• As a result, they do not allow water to return to
the blood…urine becomes very dilute.
![Page 9: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Alcohol inhibits the production
of ADH
That means
it makes
you
urinate
more!
![Page 11: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Caffeine increases the rate of salt and water loss from the
kidneys.Caffeine is classified as a diuretic,
which means that it
increases urine output. Caffeine increases glomerular
blood pressure, which increases blood filtration, resulting in an
increase in urine
![Page 12: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
KIDNEYS
& BLOOD
PRESSURE
![Page 13: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
A hormone called aldosterone, which is
produced in the adrenal gland (located on top of the kidneys) acts on the
nephrons to increase the reabsorption of water
and sodium
![Page 14: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The increased sodium and water reabsorption from the distal tubule
reduces urine output and increases blood
volume
![Page 15: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The increased blood volume helps
stretch the heart muscle.
This causes the heart to generate
more pressure with each beat, thereby
increasing the blood pressure.
![Page 16: KIDNEYS & WATER BALANCE - MS. BURNSU4:L5. Kidneys filter about half a cup of filtrate from the blood each minute. Without reabsorption of water, you would produce about 190L of urine](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022041903/5e61943e1630701336325ee1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)