Kinesiotaping 1

واحدی هوشنگ دکترامیرتوانبخشی و یکی فیز متخصصطب

Taping techniques

• Athletic taping – very firm tape applied before the sport and removed right after; used for protection and prevention

• McConnell taping – a rigid tape (such as Leukotape) applied for different conditions, typically patellofemoral pain

• Kinesiotaping

History

• Developed by Kenzo Kase, DC in the early 1970’s in Japan

• Use spread to other Asian countries and Europe

• Officially introduced to the USA in 1995

Kenzo Kase

Born in 1942After he graduated from Meiji University, he attended and graduated from National College of Chiropractic in Chicago.1975: opened Kase Chiropractic Clinic in Albuquerque, NM.1976: becanle an instructor at the University of New Mexico.1978: opened Kase Chiropractic Clinic in Tokyo.He is the President of Kinesio Taping Association and National Chiropractic College Japan.He is a certified DC in the United States and one of the best Chiropractors in Japan. He invented and developed the Kinesio Taping® Method 30 years ago.

What is Kinesiotaping

• Invented by Dr. Kenzo Kase (Chiropractor) in 1973

• Muscles and other tissues could be influenced by external forces, yet still allow full range of motion

• Originally used in rehab settings in Japan

• First used on volleyball players in 1980’s

• Now used more in non-athletic population

Jim Wallis, ATC, CKT'I

Born in 1958

1983: graduated from WasWngton State University and became a certified athletic trainer by NATA.

1984: earned MS from University of Arizona.

1997: became a Certified Kinesio Taping Instructor. Currently, he is the head athletic trainer at Portland State University.

Mechanism

• Stimulates proprioceptors which respond to position, pressure and stretch

• Stimulates mechanoreceptors

• Facilitates lymphatic drainage by lifting skin to create an area of low pressure

Benefits

• Decreases pain

• Decreases swelling

• Decreases muscle spasm

• Facilitates weak or atrophied muscles/tendons (chronic)

• Inhibits muscles/tendons to reduce spasm or stress (acute)

Principles of Application

• Acute or overuse injuries – distal to proximal – 10-15% tension (paper off)

• Chronic injuries or disuse atrophy – proximal to distal – 25-50% tension

• Correction techniques – 50-100% tension

• Tape skin in an elongated position

• “I” and “Y” strips, fan is for lymphatic drainage

• When in doubt, less is best

Physiological effects of KT

1. Endogenous Analgesic System function: Relieve pain or abnormal feeling on the skin & muscles2. Muscle function: supports the muscle in movement3. Lymphatic function: lifts the skin and promote lymphatic

flow4. Joint function: hold the joint in better alignment

• AC JOINT

• ACHILLES TENDONITIS

• ACL

• ADDUCTOR STRAIN

• ANKLE LATERAL SPRAIN

• ANKLE MEDIAL SPRAIN

• BICEPS TENDONITIS

• BRACHIAL PLEXUS

• BURSITIS OF THE ELBOW

• BURSITIS OF THE KNEE

• BURSITIS OF THE SHOULDER

• CARPAL TUNNEL

• CERVICAL SPONDYLITIS

• CHONDROMALACIA

• COSTOCHONDRAL

• DEQUERVAINS

• DISLOCATIONS

• ELBOW HYPEREXT

• ELBOW VALGUS LAXITY

• EPICONDYLITIS

• ERECTOR SPINAE

• FASCIA CORRECTION

• FINGER SPRAIN

• FROZEN SHOULDER

• FUNCTIONAL TAPING

• GAMEKEEPERS THUMB

Kinesio Tex Tape Properties

• Mimics elasticity of skin

• May stretch up to 40% of original length

• 100% cotton – wave pattern

• Latex free

• Acrylic-based adhesive – heat activated

• Water resistant

• Red absorbs sunlight, blue reflects it

Kinesio Tape

• Elasticity of 30-40 % stretch

• Stretches along longitudinal axis only

• Activated by heat

• No latex

• Can be worn for several days

• Can shower with it

Sizes and Types of KinesioTape

• there are several sizes of the Kinesio Tape available.Primarily a practitioner will use the 2 inches (5 cm) by 5.4 yards (5 meters) size.

• This is available in natural, red, blue,and black that are treated for water resistance.

• If the water resistant product is selected, the roll will be one meter less in length to account for the cost of the water resistant treatment. The water resistant product works wet in areas of high moisture or for patients working in moist enviromnents.

• Also available is a 3-inch (7.5 cm) by 5.4yard(5 meters) roll. This may be required on larger individuals or athletes.

• The 1-inch (2.5 cm) by 5.4 yard (5 meters) roll may be used for finger or neurological taping.

• 1 1/2 inch (3.75 cm) by 5.4 yard (5 meters) roll may be used on ankles or smaller patients.

• If the practitioner determines an increase temperatures is appropriate in the injury site, the red Kinesia Tex® Tape could be selected. If the practitioner believes that a reduction in tissue temperature is required, such as in tendonitis, the blue Kinesio Tex® Tape could be selected. Patients may have a preference for a color, and this may affect their perception of the effectiveness of the treatment

Removal of Tape from Paper Backing

• smoothly remove the paper hacking, hold the tape vertically, place your index finger on the top edge of the tape. Then by pulling back or flexing your index finger towards your body, the tape will peel frool its backing.

Removal of Tape from Paper Backing

• Any contact with the acrylic adhesive will diminish its adhesive abilities. Try to touch the adhesive as little as possible.

Skin Preparation

• The skin should be free of oils and lotions and should be cleaned prior to tape application.

• For a limited number of patients, body hair may limit adhesion. If the degree of body hair limits adhesion then the practitioner may need to shave or clip the area to be treated.

Tape Removal

• After several days: the acrylic adhesive will have become quite strong. During the first few days, if an edge of the tape has begun to lift, it can be trimmed.

• To remove the tape from the patient it is generally much easier to do when they have bathed or the tape is moist.

• It is best to remove from the top down. This will be in the direction of the body hair and should limit discomfort.

• Lift the tape from the skin, applying tension between the skin and the tape, then push the skin away from the tape rather than pulling the tape away from the skin.

• The application of mineral oil or milk of magnesia to the Kinesio Tape has assisted in tape remova1.

limitations of the Kinesio Taping Method

• Approximately 20-30 minutes is required for the glue to become fully activated before the patient can become physically active. If activity occurs prior to this time, the tape may Come off.

• If Kinesio Tape is applied during physical activity, an extra adhesive may be needed to prepare the skin. Several commercially produced spray adherents are available. Once a spray adherent is used, the removal of the Kinesio Tex® Tape will be difficult.

Composition of Tape

While both types of tape are generally made from cotton, this is where the resemblance ends. Kinesiology tape is very thin and elastic, while traditional athletic tape is thicker and inflexible. Many athletic tapes contain other ingredients, including latex and zinc oxide, which can contribute to skin irritation and allergic reactions. Kinesiology tape is make from 100% high quality cotton, with a hypoallergenic acrylic adhesive.

Method of Application

• Conventional athletic tape is almost always  wrapped tightly around a joint or muscle group, completely enclosing the area in tape. A pre-wrap is generally required to help reduce skin irritation. Because there is no elasticity in the tape, this technique is used to immobilize or greatly reduce the range of motion of the injured area.

• Kinesiology tape, on the other hand, is seldom wrapped completely around any part of the body. Instead, it may be applied across an injured area and/or along the boundaries of the injured joint or muscle group. This type of taping can be used to limit unhealthy movement patterns, but still allow full range of motion within healthy limits.

Wear Time

• Because traditional athletic tape creates significant compression of injured tissues, it can limit both blood circulation and lymphatic drainage.  Skin irritation can also occur due to poor breathability, heavy adhesive and friction. Thus, it can only be worn for short periods of time. Because kinesiology tape is both flexible and breathable, one application can be worn for several days without skin irritation or other complications.

Therapeutic Function

• Conventional athletic taping has only two functions to provide support and/or to limit range of motion in injured or unstable joints and muscle groups. It does not have any therapeutic or rehabilitative benefits beyond these physical functions.

• Kinesiology taping, however, actually provides a number of therapeutic benefits.

• - pain relief- reduction of inflammation, edema, swelling, bruising- re-activation of inhibited muscle fibers- accelerated recovery from intense exercise- prevention/relief of cramps and spasms

• for rigid support of injured or unstable joints, conventional athletic tape is indicated. For all other therapeutic requirements, kinesiology taping provides superior benefits.

Tape Stretch/Tension

• the elastic qualities of the Kinesio Tape are designed for 55-60<% stretch.

• When applying the KinesioTaping method,it is important to apply the Kinesio strip with the correct degree of tension.

• If you start with a 10-inch strip of KinesioTex® Tape, and you stretch it to it's maximum available tension (40% of overall length), it would be 14 inches long.

• During application, if the technique requires 25% of the available tension, this would actually be 25% of the total available or 1 inch for a total length of 11 inches.

Tape Stretch/Tension

• full - (100%)

• severe - (75%)

• moderate - (50%)

• light or paper off - (15-25%)

• very light - (0-15%)

• none - (no tension)

Tape Direction

• There arc two basic application directions for treatment of muscles.

• For acutely over-used or stretched muscles, the tape is applied from INSERTION to ORIGIN to inhibit muscle function

• For chronically weak musc1es or where increased contraction is desired, the tape is applied from ORIGIN to INSERTION to facilitate n1usde function.

• INSERTION to ORIGIN application tape stretch/ tension is very light or light, 15-25% of available tension.

• Remember that the KinesioTape is applied to the paper backing with approximately 25% of available stretch/tension

• "less is better"

• ORIGIN to INSERTION application tension is light to moderate, 25-50% of available tension.

• The practitioner should be able to see slight separation of the elastic fibers in the Kinesio Tape.