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King Saud University
College of Engineering
IE – 462: “Industrial Information Systems”
Spring – 2020 (2nd Sem. 1440‐41H)
Introduction (Chapter 1)
part 1 – Fundamentals Concepts regarding Information
Prepared by: Ahmed M. El-Sherbeeny, PhD 1
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Lesson OverviewPart 1:• What is information?
• What is a system?
• What are Information Technologies (IT)?o IT role in industry / manufacturingo Types of software
• Why IS in industry?
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Industrial Information System
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Information System
Industrial
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What is Information?• Information:
o Data put within a meaningful context
o It is also processed data (data is raw material that proceeds to provide information)
• Knowledge:o relationship or connection between several pieces of
Information
• Information and knowledge are necessary for decision making
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Definition of a System• General system definition:
o any collection of component elements that work together to perform certain task for achieving a known goal
• Systems are usually:o hierarchical and are
o either physical or logical systems(e.g. university, power stations, mathematical models, automobiles, information system)
• Information system: o refers to collection or combination of programs, procedures,
data or equipment
o used in processing data (e.g. billing system, inventory systems)5IE462
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What is a System?
Processing/Transformation
Feedback Control
OutputsInputs
Environment
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Classification of Systems
• Closed and Open system:o Closed system: does not interact with environment
o Open system: interacts with environment; either affects or is affected by the environment
• Static and Dynamic systems:o Static system: its components or goal does not change with
time
o Dynamic system: its elements, their contents and goal may change with time
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What are Information Technologies (IT)?• Information needs to be stored, processed, and
presented through some media, or technology,aka IT
• IT includes:o Hardware (e.g. computer systems, equipment, and
devices)
o Software
o Communication technologies
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IT Role in Industry / Manufacturing
• It is necessary to manage botho Material flow (material processing) and
o Information flow (manufacturing information processing)
• IT:o One of the major factors of productivity improvement
o Enables firms to integrate decision functions in subsystemsrequired to manufacture and distribute a product
o e.g. in sales, purchasing, production planning, quality control,process control, and supply chain logistics
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Computer Software
• Information System (IS):o Is a computer software
o It is broad term given to the instructions that direct the operations of the hardware
• Basic types of software: o Application software
o End-user software
o System development software
o Systems software
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Types of software
1. Application software:o Process data for business activities,
scientific applications, etc.
o e.g. accounting, inventory,sales forecasting, application programs,CAD-CAM
2. End-user software:o Multi-purpose software
o e.g. spreadsheet (MS Excel), word processor (MS Word),Graphics package (Photoshop)
o This is software directly used by the user, without programming 11IE462
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Types of software
3. System Development Software:o used by programmers and systems analysts
in developing and constructingspecific programs, and information systems
o e.g. JAVA, PHP, ORACLE, Computer-aided Software Engineering
4. System Software/Operating systems:o used to control internal operations of computer systems
o e.g. operating systems, and data communication programs (Windows, Linux, MAC)
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Why IS in Industry?
• Industrial firm:o Set of activities, or processes, that interact with each other
(creating and exchanging information)
• Example:o When quality control gives final approval to use material
o This is information passed on to production before production personnel can process the material
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