kingdom fungi cp biology - chapter 21 paul vi catholic high school
TRANSCRIPT
KINGDOM FUNGI
CP Biology - Chapter 21
Paul VI Catholic High School
FUNGI
• FUNGI ARE HETEROTROPHS
• FILAMENTOUS BODIES–HYPHAE & MYCELIA
• NUCLEAR EXCHANGE
FUNGI
FUNGI
• CELL WALLS OF CHITIN
• NUCLEAR MITOSIS–NUCLEAR ENVELOPE REMAINS
INTACT
–MITOSIS OCCURS WITHIN THE SPINDLE (PLAQUES)
• EXTRACORPOREAL DIGESTION
FUNGI
FAIRY RING: Reproductive structures of subterranean fungus
FUNGI
FOUR MAIN GROUPS:
• ZYGOMYCETES (Common Molds)• ASCOMYCETES (Sac Fungi)
• BASIDIOMYCETES (Club Fungi)• DEUTEROMYCETES (Imperfect
Fungi)
FUNGI
ZYGOMYCETES (Common Molds)RHIZOPUS STOLONIFER
HYPHAE:STOLONSRHIZOIDSSPORANGIOPHORES
FUNGI
FUNGI
REPRODUCTION:ASEXUAL
Haploid Spores
SEXUAL
GAMETANGIA
PLASMOGAMY
KARYOGAMY
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FUNGI
ZYGOMYCETE: Pilobolus
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Rhizopus decomposing strawberries
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• ASCOMYCETES: (Sac Fungi)
–Truffles & Morels
–Conidia forms asexual spores
–Ascus contains spores from sexual reproduction
–Ascocarp: “Fruiting Body”
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ASCOMYCETE: Scarlet Cup Fungus
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Truffles
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MOREL
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FUNGI
ERGOT: Active ingredient in LSD
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• BASIDIOMYCETES: (Club Fungi)–Basidium (lat.) “Pedestal”
–Toadstools, Mushrooms, Puffballs
–Basidiocarp is “Fruiting Body”
–Gills contain the spores
–Some varieties poisonous
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Varieties of Basidiomycetes
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Poisonous varieties Basidiomycetes
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AMANITA PHALLOIDES “Death Angel”
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AMANITA PHALLOIDES• Small ingestion sufficient for death
• RNA Polymerase Inhibitor
• Onset 6-12 Hrs.- Duration 5-7 Days
• Death from Kidney, Liver Failure
• No Treatment; No Antagonist
FUNGI
AMANITA MUSCARINA• Muscarinic Effects– Pinpoint Pupils– Excessive sweating, salivating– Low Blood Pressure– Nausea, Vomiting– Lower Heart Rate– Atropine Antagonist
FUNGI
Amanita muscarina
FUNGI
• DEUTEROMYCETES: (Imperfect Fungi)
–“Imperfectly Understood”
–Beneficial & Harmful Varieties• Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)• Aspergilla• Cutaneous Diseases• Penicillium notatum
FUNGI
Cutaneous Lesions of Deuteromycetes
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Penicillium notatum Sir Alexander Fleming
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SYMBIOTIC FUNGAL ORGANISMS
• LICHENS–Combination of Fungus• Usually Ascomycete• Occasionally Basidiomycete
• and either:• Photosynthetic bacterium• Green Algae
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FUNGUS
• LICHENS (cont’d):
–“Pioneer Colonies”
–Pigment used for dyes
–Litmus Paper
– Indicator of Air Quality
FUNGI
SYMBIOTIC FUNGAL ORGANISMS
• MYCORRHIZAE:–Mutualistic association plant & fungi
–Found in over 90% vascular plants
–Enhance nutrient availability to plant
–Receive glucose from plant
FUNGI
SYMBIOTIC FUNGAL ORGANISMS
• MYCORRHIZAE:–ENDOMYCORRHIZAE:• Usually Zygomycete• Fungus enters into plant cell
–ECTOMYCORRHIZAE:• Usually Basidiomycete• Fungus does NOT enter plant cell
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