KingdomKingdom ProtistaProtista

The “Catchall” KingdomThe “Catchall” Kingdom

Three DivisionsThree Divisions

Animal-like- ProtozoansAnimal-like- Protozoans Plant-like- AlgaePlant-like- Algae Fungus-Like- slime moldsFungus-Like- slime molds

ProtozoansProtozoans

Means “first animal”- evolutionary termMeans “first animal”- evolutionary term Animal-likeAnimal-like MicroscopicMicroscopic Unicellular or colonialUnicellular or colonial Usually motileUsually motile HeterotrophicHeterotrophic Aquatic-ponds, lakes, moist soil, bloodAquatic-ponds, lakes, moist soil, blood Exchange gasses with environmentExchange gasses with environment Reproduce asexually by fissionReproduce asexually by fission

Protozoan ClassificationProtozoan Classification

Classified by Classified by locomotionlocomotion Four PhylumFour Phylum

SarcodinaSarcodina CiliaphoraCiliaphora SporazoaSporazoa ZoomastiginaZoomastigina

Phylum SarcodinaPhylum Sarcodina

Lack of body shapeLack of body shape Flexible plasma membrane surrounding Flexible plasma membrane surrounding

cytoplasmcytoplasm• ectoplasm- just inside membraneectoplasm- just inside membrane• endoplasm- interior of animalendoplasm- interior of animal

Ameboid movement by Ameboid movement by pseudopods- “false foot” pseudopods- “false foot”

• taxes- response to stimulitaxes- response to stimuli

Pseudopod also captures Pseudopod also captures foodfood

Phylum CiliaphoraPhylum Ciliaphora CiliaCilia- hairlike projections - hairlike projections

Propel the organism toward foodPropel the organism toward food Move food toward organismMove food toward organism

Slipper shapeSlipper shape Pellicle- outer coveringPellicle- outer covering MacronucleusMacronucleus Micronucleus- functions during reproductionMicronucleus- functions during reproduction Oral groove- food channelOral groove- food channel Contactile vacuole- star shaped- release excess Contactile vacuole- star shaped- release excess

waterwater Asexual reproduction as well as sexual Asexual reproduction as well as sexual

conjugationconjugation

ReproductionReproduction

Asexual-binary fission- cell divisionAsexual-binary fission- cell division

Sexual- conjugation- alongSexual- conjugation- along

oral grooveoral groove

SporazoansSporazoans

No means of locomotionNo means of locomotion All parasitesAll parasites

Plasmodium falciparum- Plasmodium falciparum- MalariaMalaria

Carried by Carried by Anopheles mosquitoAnopheles mosquito

Plasmodium Life cyclePlasmodium Life cycle

Phylum Zoomastigina Phylum Zoomastigina (Flagellates)(Flagellates)

One or more One or more flagellaflagella Most live in ponds, lakesMost live in ponds, lakes Some live in hosts as a Some live in hosts as a

parasiteparasite Paranema

TrypanosomaTrypanosoma

Carried by Carried by

tse-tse flytse-tse fly Causes Causes

African African

sleeping sleeping

sicknesssickness

Giardia lambliaGiardia lamblia

““hikers disease”hikers disease” May be found in May be found in

crystal clear crystal clear

streamsstreams Boil water for atBoil water for at

least 15 minutesleast 15 minutes ““Beaver Fever”Beaver Fever”

TrichonymphaTrichonympha

Lives in termite gut to Lives in termite gut to

digest wooddigest wood Symbiotic relationshipSymbiotic relationship

AlgaeAlgae Plant-Like ProtistsPlant-Like Protists AutotrophsAutotrophs Benefits-Benefits-

Base of Food Base of Food

ChainChain

Perform 70% ofPerform 70% of

Earth’s photosynthesisEarth’s photosynthesis

Multicellular- Classified by Multicellular- Classified by ColorColor

RED

GREEN- spirogyra

BROWN- kelp

Unicellular Algae- EuglenasUnicellular Algae- Euglenas

Freshwater Freshwater algaealgae

Both Both producer and producer and consumerconsumer

Unicellular Algae- DiatomsUnicellular Algae- Diatoms

More oxygen More oxygen produced than from produced than from any other organismsany other organisms

Many usesMany uses www.http://video.goo

gle.com/videoplay?docid=867362921535089214&ei=rZKdS8bWMYygqQO62t2KDA&q=diatomaceous+earth&hl=en#

Other Algae- Other Algae- DinoflagellatesDinoflagellates

Live in oceanLive in oceanSome cause Some cause

Red TideRed TideSome areSome are bio-bio-

luminescentluminescent

Red TideRed TideOvergrowth of Overgrowth of

algaealgaeProduces Produces

toxins that may toxins that may kill fish and kill fish and sicken peoplesicken people

Karenia brevis (Dr. Karen Steidinger)

Bioluminescent Bioluminescent DinoflagellatesDinoflagellates

Glow when Glow when agitatedagitated

Found in only Found in only a few places a few places in the worldin the world

http://aquamarinediscovery.blogspot.com/2008/10/dinoflagellates-bioluminescent-algae.html

Other AlgaeOther Algae

FragallariaFragallaria

VolvoxVolvox