kingdoms and classification pp. 337-350. taxonomy naming and grouping organisms according to...
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KINGDOMS AND CLASSIFICATION
pp. 337-350
TAXONOMYnaming and grouping organisms according to
characteristics and evolutionary history
TAXONa group within the system
LevelsDomain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
TWO GROUPS
• Prokaryotes (P)
• Eukaryotes (E)
• Two groups broken into three domains based on comparison of rRNA sequences
• Domain Bacteria (P)
• Domain Archaea (P)
• Domain Eukarya (E)
3 DOMAINS MADE OF 6 KINGDOMS
6 KINGDOMS OF CLASSIFICATION (pg 349)
KINGDOM EUBACTERIA
-unicellular prokaryotes
-true bacteria
KINGDOM ARCHEABACTERIA
-unicellular prokaryotes
-chemosynthetic
- extremophiles
KINGDOM PROTISTA
-heterotrophic/autotrophic eukaryotes
-unicellular or multicellular (kelp)
KINGDOM FUNGI
- Heterotrophic eukaryotes
- Absorb nutrients from surroundings
EX. Yeast, mold and mushrooms, athlete’s foot
KINGDOM PLANTAE
- Multicellular eukaryotic plants
- Mostly autotrophic and photosynthetic
EX. Mosses, ferns, conifers, flowering plants
KINGDOM ANIMALIA
- Eukaryotic- All multicellular- Heterotrophic
SYSTEMATICS
• Classify organisms based on natural traits
• Uses similarities in appearance, embryos, chromosomes, proteins, and molecular molecules (DNA & RNA)
PHYLOGENETICS
• Based on evolutionary history
• Common ancestors
• Uses chromosomes and molecular molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins
CLADISTICS
• Uses shared or derived characteristics unique to a taxon/group (I.E. feathers unique to birds)
Homework
• Worksheet with cladiogram
• Cover page