kit objectives in fusion by 2020
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KIT Objectives in Fusion by 2020. Workshop on the European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and beyond April 13 – 14, 2011; IPP Garching. Objectives of the KIT Nuclear Fusion Programme towards 2020. Development of key technologies for fusion Currently three main areas: - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
KIT Objectives in Fusion by 2020
Workshop on the European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and beyond April 13 – 14, 2011; IPP Garching
K. Hesch, KIT2 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Objectives of the KIT Nuclear Fusion Programme
towards 2020
• Development of key technologies for fusion
• Currently three main areas:– Design, engineering, realisation and testing of components and systems for
ITER (60% - 10%)
– Long term developments in view of DEMO and Fusion Power Plant (inter alia: Broader Approach, IFMIF)(30% - 90%)
– Contributions to Wendelstein 7-X(10% - 0%)
• Staff: – 230 scientists, engineers and support staff (~ 200 ppy)– 8 KIT institutes are contributing to the KIT Fusion Programme
• Annual Budget: ~ 30 M€
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and beyond
K. Hesch, KIT3 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Challenge: FPP Preparation
• In-vessel Components– Divertor Engineering– Breeder Blanket Concepts & Engineering– High-Temperature Cooling Technology– Remote Handling
• Heating & Current Drive Systems– Advanced ECRH Sources– Advanced Transmission Components
• D-T Fuel Cycle– He-T Processing– Vacuum Pumping
• Safety & Licensing, Neutronics
• HTS Magnets
• Plant Modelling
• Materials Development & Qualification– Structural Materials– Functional Materials– IFMIF
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT4 April 13-14, IPP Garching
In-Vessel-Components: Divertor Engineering
Challenges: Engineering design compatible withPhysics requirements (operation scenario, geometry)
Heat load, plasma & neutron flux
Manufacturing possibilities
Remote handling / maintenance / plant availability
Status:European reference design:Helium Cooled Multi Jet design
Collaboration & Partners:Variation of physics concept / geometry: IPP, CCFE, CRPP, …
New engineering approaches: ENEA, …
Plasma Wall Interaction: FZJ, IPP, …
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
KIT
KIT
Armor (W)
Cap (W Alloy)
Cartridge(Steel)
He600°C
He700°C
K. Hesch, KIT5 April 13-14, IPP Garching
In-Vessel-Components: Breeder Blanket Concepts & Engineering
• Challenges: – Tritium self-sufficiency
– Heat supply to converter
– Neutron & heat load, operation temperature, cycling, total operation time
– Remote handling, maintenance, plant availability
– Manufacturing technology
• Status:– 2 European concepts for testing
in ITER (HCPB, HCLL)
– Further ideas: Dual Coolant, …
• Collaboration & Partners:– TBM-CA for ITER: CEA, ENEA, CIEMAT, NRI, RMKI
– Further developments: CCFE, NRG, …
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT6 April 13-14, IPP Garching
In-Vessel-Components: High Temperature Cooling Technology
• Challenges:– High-grade heat supply to converter (plant efficiency)
– Appropriate operation temperature in blanket & divertor
– Materials, components, temperature and pressure ranges
• Status:– High temperature He technology
– Commissioning of HELOKA
• Collaboration & Partners:– Engineering concepts , engineering
design & testing: RMKI, ENEA, …
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT7 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Heating & Current Drive Systems: ECRH – Advanced Sources & Transmission Lines
• Challenges:– Reliability & wall plug efficiency
– Current drive efficiency
– Counteracting plasma instabilities
– Cost efficiency by reducing unit numbers & space requirements→ High-power sources
– Avoid moving parts near the plasma → Tuneability
• Status:– 1MW cw (30 min) gyrotrons for W7-X
– 2MW cw gyrotrons for ITER(so far only short pulse)
– Tuneable multi-frequeny tubes
– Multi-frequency transmission line components
• Collaboration & Partners: CRPP, CNR, IPP, FOM, HELLAS, …Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT8 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Deuterium-Tritium Fuel Cycle:He-T-Processing, Vacuum Pumping
• Challenges:– T removal from huge He mass flows
– Pumping efficiency – plant efficiency
– Selective pumping, T-compatible fore-pumping
– Divertor pressure control
– Integral vacuum modelling
• Status: ITER Fuel Cycle– Conceptual design completed
– Eng. design of key componentscompleted
– Cryopumps with customisedpumping speed & pressure
– Bridging of Knudsen & molecular flow
• Collaboration & Partners: CEA, ENEA, ICIT, HELLAS, ….
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT9 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Safety, Licensing & Neutronics:
• Challenges:– Licensing of FPP for continuous operation– Accident scenarios, activation and inventories, mitigation scenarios– Radiation-induced materials changes– Fusion-specific design codes– Neutronics data base
• Status:– Modelling / verification / mitigation
of explosion scenarios
– Nuclear data evaluations
– Arcing scenarios
– Materials characterisation
• Collaboration & Partners: CEA, ENEA, CCFE, CRPP, ÖAW, NRG, JSI, …
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT10 April 13-14, IPP Garching
High Tc Superconducting Magnets:
• Challenges:– Plant efficiency / cryo power requirements
– Plant availability / reduction of complexity
– Transfer of HTS materials into reactor components
• Status: Strand and cable experiments
• Collaboration & Partners:CRPP, IPP, CEA, …
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT11 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Plant Modelling
• Challenges:– Predict / optimise performance / efficiency of plant
– Wide range of parameter options
– Engineering codes system complementing system codes for design support
– Provide complete set of engineering parameters as a function of basic choices (physics scenarios, reactor configuration)
• Status:– Various system codes, integrating physics aspects
– Numerous engineering models (neutronics, thermo-mechanics, electro-magnetics, fluid-dynamics, …)
• Collaboration & Partners: CCFE, IPP, FZJ, ENEA, CEA, …
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT12 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Materials Development & Qualification
• Challenges:– Structural materials for high and very high temperature operation under
extreme neutron loads
– Functional materials for tritium breeding & First Wall
– Qualification & licensing: IFMIF
• Status:– EUROFER characterised for
high temperature applications;irradiation & neutron load qualification incomplete
– Refractory alloys being characterised;irradiation behaviour & qualification missing
– Functional materials under optimisation
– IFMIF – EVEDA in Broader Approach
• Collaboration & Partners: CEA, CRPP, CIEMAT, ENEA, SCK-CEN, NRG, …
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond
K. Hesch, KIT13 April 13-14, IPP Garching
Conclusion
• Multitude of challenges
• Transform approaches into solutions
• In a well-coordinated European programme
• Responsibility of the Commission
• Role of EFDA
Workshop on European Fusion Roadmap for FP8 and Beyond