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KKK 3505

Internet Programming

Pn Siti Mariam Shafiemariam@eng.upm.edu.my

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Reference Books

1. Internet and World Wide Web How to Program, Deitel

and Deitel

2. Programming the World Wide Web, 2nd Edition, Robert

W. Sebesta

3. Mastering HTML 4, 2nd Edition, D.S. Ray and E.J. Ray

4. Learning XML: Guide to Creating Self Describing

Data, Erik T. Ray

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Syllabus

1. HTML

2. SGML AND XML3. JAVASCRIPT

4. PERL/CGI

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Assessment

Assignment : 20%

Mini Project : 10%Test I : 20 %

Test II : 20%

Final : 30 %

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What is the Internet?

Internet is a collection of millions of computers, all linked

together on a computer network. The network allows all

of the computers to communicate with one another using

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)

A home computer may be linked to the Internet using a

phone-line modem, DSL orcable modem that talks to an

Internet service provider (ISP).

http://computer.howstuffworks.com/modem.htmhttp://computer.howstuffworks.com/dsl.htmhttp://computer.howstuffworks.com/cable-modem.htmhttp://computer.howstuffworks.com/cable-modem.htmhttp://computer.howstuffworks.com/dsl.htmhttp://computer.howstuffworks.com/modem.htmhttp://computer.howstuffworks.com/modem.htmhttp://computer.howstuffworks.com/modem.htm

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What is an IP Address?

Every computer connected to Internet has unique IPaddress

The Internet Protocol (IP) address is a unique 32-bit

number

Written as four 8-bit numbers, separated by periods eg:

192.168.0.12

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What are Domain Names?

Because most people have trouble remembering

the strings of numbers that make up an IP

addresses, then all servers have human readable-

names called domain names

There maybe two, three or more domain names.

eg: www.eng.upm.edu.my defines a computer

called eng, located in UPM, an educational

institution in Malaysia where www is a host name.

The host name and all the domain names are

together called a fully qualified domain name.

http://www.eng.upm.edu.my/http://www.eng.upm.edu.my/

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World Wide Web (WWW)Known as WWW or Web or W3

It is a system that allow people around the world to use

the Internet to exchange documents via http, ftp, telnet

Allows computer users to locate and view documents

(text, graphics, animations, audios, videos)

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Web BrowsersDocuments provided by servers on the Web are

requested by browsers, which are programs

running on client machines

Microsoft Internet Explorer and Netscape

Navigator are the most popular web browsers.

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Web Servers

Web servers are programs that provide documents

to requesting browsers.

The most commonly used Web servers are Apache

and Internet Information Server (IIS) from Microsoft

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Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

Used to identify documents on the Internet

General format:

scheme:object-address

Scheme is often a communications protocol include http,

ftp, gopher, telnet, file, mailto and news

http protocol supports the Web used to request and send

HTML documents.eg: http://www.eng.upm.edu.my

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Tools for creating HTML documents

HTML editor

Notepad

WYSIWYG HTML editor

FrontPage

Dreamweaver

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HTML - Introduction

HTML has a central role in the WebA simple format for describing the structure of hypertext

or hypermedia documents - plain text (ASCII) files with

embedded codes for logical markup

Not designed to be the language of a WYSIWYG wordprocessor such as Word or WordPerfect

Formally an SGML (Standard Generalized Markup

Language) application

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Basics HTML tags

In HTML, the document is structured into elements,

marked up by tags that are keywords contained in pairs of

angle brackets.

Each document is structured into two parts - and. The head contains the information which is

information about the document that is not generally

displayed with the document, such as its . The body

contains the actual text that is made up of paragraphs,lists, and other elements. The contents of the body is

displayed in a browser window.

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Basics HTML tags

Every HTML document should contain certain standard

elements. The required elements are: encloses the entire document and defines it as

HTML document.

comes after the opening tag and

contains the .

contains the name of the document and must be

enclosed by tags.

contains all the rest of the document.

The minimal HTML document could contain just those

elements (such document, however, will remain empty on

screen, since its body is empty)

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Example 1: Minimal HTML document

Internet programming

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Document head

The head element contains general information, ormeta-information, about the document. Whatelement can appear in the head depends on HTMLversion. Some elements:

The title of the document. All document must have a

title.

A record of the original URI of the document: this

allows you to move the document to a new location andhave relative URIs access the appropriate place withrespect to the original URI.

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Defines the relationship(s) between this document and

another or others. A document can have several elements.

A container for document metainformation.

Stylesheet instructions, written in a stylesheet language.Stylesheet instructions specify how the document should be

formatted for display.

A code of client-side script in the document. Examplelanguages are JavaScript and VBScript.

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Example 1: Sample head of HTML document

Internet programmingBODY,TD,TH,UL,DL,OL,H1,H2,H3,H4 {

font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;}.smaller {

font-size: 9pt;}