Knowledge Management

By:-

Rishabh

Abhishek

Ashish

Shruti

WHAT IS KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT?

There is no universal definition for knowledge management

Process of capturing and making use of a firm’s collective expertise anywhere in the business

Part of corporate culture, which supports the active exchange of information, knowledge & experiences.

At its broadest, KM is the ‘process through which organizations generate value from intellectual and knowledge based assets’

Types Of Knowledge

Explicit knowledge: It is the visible knowledge available in the form of letters, reports, memos, literatures, etc. Explicit knowledge can be embedded in objects, rules, systems, methods etc.

Tacit knowledge: It is highly invisible and confined in the mind of a person. It is hard to formalize and therefore, difficult to communicate to others.

The development of Knowledge Management Knowledge began to be viewed as a competitive

asset in the 80s, around the same time that information explosion started becoming an issue

The trend was fueled by the development of IT systems which made it simple to store, display, and archive classified, indexed information

The process received a fillip after Drucker (and others) stressed the role of knowledge as an organization resource, and Senge popularized ‘learning organizations’

Seeds of KM may also be found in business practices like TQM and BPR to which KM is often compared

WHY KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT? Sharing knowledge, a company creates exponential

benefits from the knowledge as people learn from it Building better sensitivity to “brain drain” Reacting instantly to new business opportunities Ensuring successful partnering and core

competencies with suppliers, vendors, customers, and other constituents

Shortens the learning curve

Critical Success Factors For KM

Corporate Culture Motivation and skills Promotion by Top Management Structure & processes Information Technology

KM LIFE CYCLE

Four-Process View of KM: Capturing – data entry, scanning, voice input,

interviewing, brainstorming Organizing – cataloging, indexing, filtering,

linking, codifying Refining – contextualizing, collaborating,

contextualizing, collaborating, compacting, Projecting, mining

Transfer – flow, sharing, alert, push

RefiningTransfer

OrganizingCapturing

CHALLENGES IN BUILDING KM SYSTEMS

Culture — getting people to share knowledge Knowledge evaluation — assessing the worth

of knowledge across the firm Knowledge processing — documenting how

decisions are reached Knowledge implementation — organizing

knowledge and integrating it with the processing strategy for final deployment

Matching Business Strategy With KM Strategy

Competitive threats; government regulations; customer threats

Focus on competitive advantage, role of IT, and level of creativity and knowledge innovation

Quality and reliability of the infrastructure and IT staff and resources

Regarding products or services, market, customers, suppliers, etc.

BusinessEnvironment

Strategic Plan

KMStrategy

KMTechnology

Impacts

Impacts

Enables

Drives

User Interface(Web browser software installed on each user’s PC)

Authorized access control(e.g., security, passwords, f irewalls, authentication)

Collaborative intell igence and f i ltering(intell igent agents, network mining, customization, personalization)

Knowledge-enabling applications(customized applications, skills directories, videoconferencing, decision support systems,

group decision support systems tools)

Transport(e-mail, Internet/Web site, TCP/IP protocol to manage traffic f low )

Middleware(specialized software for network management, security, etc.)

The Physical Layer(repositories, cables)

DatabasesData warehousing(data cleansing,

data mining)

Groupware(document exchange,

collaboration)

Legacy applications(e.g., payroll)

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Technical Layer of the KM System

Benefits anticipated

Increase in collaboration, conversation amongst the employees Making the experts expertise available throughout the

organization. Reduce loss of intellectual capital from people leaving the

company. Reduce cost by decreasing and achieving economies of scale. Minimize redundancy of knowledge-based activities Increase productivity by making knowledge available more

quickly and easily Promote innovations Give equal opportunities to all the individuals to express and

share their knowledge.

KM Portals Of Some Companies

NASA

INFOSYS

Knowledge@Infosys

TATA

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