kodak folding autographic brownie 1888

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Pictur€-rnaking with theFold ing Autographic

Brownies

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. . K O D A I S ' ''frade Mark, 1C}88.

KODAK Limited, 6l-65, Kingcway, London,

LIVERPOOL i 45, Church Street.NEWCASTLE-ON-'IYNB i 34, Grainger Street.BIRMINGHAM i 45, Corporation Street.GLASGO-W : 7z-74, Buchanan Street.DUBLIN : 89, Grafton Street.LONDON : 6o, Cheapside, E.C.e.

t & z, Grhcechurch Street, 8.C,3,4o, Strand, W.C.z.r84-186, Regent Street, W.r.rrg, Oxford Street, W.r.59,. Brompton Road, S.W.S.

DENIV{ARK : I(oner Aktieselskab.Coptr,NuAGEN : Ostergade r.

HOLLAND : Konar Limited.Trte Hecuc: Lange Poten 37. (AnasrBnDAM : Kalverstraat rz6.

SWI I 'ZERLAND: KooRt< Soci6t6 Anonyme.LeuseNNs, : Avenue du'l 'ribunal F6ddral 13.

SPAIN: Kooex Sociedad An6nima. rMaoRto : Puerta del Sol, 4.

Avenida del Conde de Pefralver zg.BeRcnr-oNe: Calle de Fiernando, 3.

PORTUGAL: Kooer L imi ted.I.tsst-tN : Rua Garrett 33.

ARGENTINA: Konerc Argentina I-imitada.Bur,xos Atnns : Lavalle, Z+6.

EGYPT : Koper (Egypt) Soci6td Anonyme.Celno: Opera Square.

Ar, * o * 3ffi i'h'$'cT;.Ttbacha, 3o.Luxon : Winter Palace, Shops g and 4.

SOUTH AFRICA: Kooer (South Afr ica) Limited.CepB Towx: 38-4o, Adderley Street.

INDIA: Koper L imi ted.BoMsaY: ro9, Esplanade Road.

STRAI'I 'S SETTLEMENTS: Kooer Limited.SlxcePoRE: 3, Battery Road.

AUSTRALASIA : Kooer (Australasia) Limited.Melbourne, Sydney, Adelaide, Brisbane, etc.Wetlington, Auckland and Dunedin.

KODAK MANUFACTURES MAY BE OBTAINED FROMPHOTOGRAPHIC DEALERS .ALL OVER THE UNITEDKINGDOM AT THE PRICES GIVEN IN THE KODAK

PRICE LISTS.

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EesrueN Kooar Co.,CexeolaN Kooex Co.,

Rocrrusrnn, N.Y.LrMrtEp, Tonoxro.

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FRANCE: Konar Socidtd Anonyme F'rangaise,Pants : Avenue Montaigne, 39.

$;'":t*.o'u?o"lra' 5. Boulevard des Italiens, 9,

Boulevard Raspail 4r.LvoNs: Rue de la Rdpirbliqlue,zS-28.Ntcn : Avenue de la Gare, 34.

BELGIUM: Kooar Limited.Bnusser.s : Rue de I'Ecuyer 36.

ITAITY: I(oper SocietA AnonimaMIr.aN : Corsc Vittorio Emanuele, 34.Nepr.Bs : Via Roma ,288.Roun : Corso Umberto, 399,VENICF: ; Piazza S. Marco, 52.

RUSSIA: Kootr Limited.Petnocnen : Bolschaia Konnushenaia, rfi"

Nevsky Prospect, 48 Passage, Shop 5r.Moscow : Petrovka, 15 and 16.Oonsse : Deribasovskaya Ulitza zr,

Cu A.P.20619.a


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II/HEN BUYING FILM

When buying Filrrr for your Autographic Brownieask for and see that you get Auiographic Film-theonly Filrn with which you can make autographicrecords.

No. 2 Folding Autographic Brorvnie uses KodakFilm Spool Atzo

-\o. zA F olding Autographic Brownie uses KodakFi lm Spool Ar16.

No. 2c Folding Autographic Brorvnie uses KodakFi lm Spool Ar3o.

No. 3A Folding Autographic Brou,nie uses KodakFi lm Spool Atzz.

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BEFORE TAKING A PICTURE

Before taking a picture, read the following instruc-tions carefully. Make yourself perfectly familiar withyour Camera, and especially with the working ofthe shutter. Work the shutter for both time andinstantaneous exposures several times before insertingthe fi lm in the Brownie.

Bear in mind that the light which records thepictures can spoil the sensitive film as quickly as itmakes the picture. Throughout all the operations ofloading and unlo:rding, be extrernely careful to keepthe paper wound tightly around the film to preventthe admission of light.

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Page

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25", 26

I 8

2 l

23

Aperture

Directions for using the Rapid Recti l inearLens r . . 26

Kodak Portrait Attachment

Flashlight Pictures

Closing the Camera

Removing the l"ilm

Developing

PrintingEnlarging

MountingPrice List

2729

3 r

3234

34

CONTENTS.

I

Loading

Opening the Camera

The Autographic Feature

The Shutter

Exposure : ,The Autotime Scale Method

Alternative Method

lnteriorsThe Lens

Portraits

a a a a a O a a a a a a

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LOADING.

IRST carefully follow out the iistructions givenon page 3 with regard to learning the use of thecamera and especially the shutter.

The fihn for the Folding Autographic Browniesis sold in l ight-proof spools ; the cameras can,therefore, be loaded in daylight. Theyshould, however, be loaded in a subduedlight and not in the glare of brightsuulight. Remember that after you breakthe gummed slip, you must take care tokeep the paper taut on the sprool, other-wise it may slip and so s1'roil the film bylett ing in the l ight.

I. Take the camera in your left handand, with the r ight thumb, push the rHE Frr.M.nickelled catch to the left as far as it willgo (Fig. t) . Holding the black enarnel led edges, l i f tup the body until it clears the sides of the case

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(f ig. z), thenwill fincl that

draw it towardsit wil l l i f t out.

you a little, and you

, FIG. 2.

l l . In the f i lm recess at one(it wil l most l ikelY be found at

) .end of the camerathe end with the

FIG. 3.6

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winding key), you will see atr empty spool. This isthe spool upon which the film is wound after eachexposure ; take it out, first pulling the winding keyas far as it wil l come (Fig. 3).

III. Remove the gummed slip that encircles thespool, and pass the tapered end of the red paper intothe slit in the empty spool, so that the slotted end ofthe empty spool will be at the top, and that of the full

FIG. 4.

spool at the bottom. Give the empty spool three orfour turns to wind off enough of the paper to engageit-taking care that the paper draws straight and true(Fig. +).

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IV. Place the emptyhas the winding key, and

spool in the recess rvhicbpush in . the. key, turni ng it

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FIG. 5.t


until the web catches in the slotted end of the sPgo!(Fig. S)- Enough of the paper shoulcl then be unrolled

FIG. 6.

to allorv the full spool to be placecl in th'e recess at

the other end of the carnera (Fig. 6) '

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V. Now replace the body in the case. F'rrst lowerthe upper end of the body into ttre case (Fig. /), pusliback into posit ion, and the lower end wil l then dropinto the case and so allorv the nickellec{ catch to belocked.

White toacling the sl'tool into tlte cantera, from thttime the gunxmed slip ort the fresh roll of flm is brokenuntil tlt,e body is back into lhe case, kee'! th.e fint'eruourrd tiglrtly on th,e sfool. If it be allowed to loosen,Iight will get in and the fiIm will be sfoiled.

FIG. 8.

VI. The fihn is covered u,ith paper, the excess ofwhich must be lvound off before a picture can betaken.

Turn the key slou,Iy, and watch the little redwindorv in the back of the camera (Fig. 8). \\rhenr5 to 18 half turns have been given, f irst a hand, ancithen the number r (black on red), rvi l l he visiblethrough the red rvindorv (Fig. q).

The film is qorr in position for the first picture.

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portrait, or other near object, raise the focussingcatch and draw the lens support odt until the catchdrops into the slot marked 8 feet.

OPENING

Hold the camera inthumb and forefingerdraw down the hinged

FIG. 9.

THE CAMERA.

the left hand, and rvith theraise the catch, and witb itfront until it locks (Fig. ro).

{r;'ARRANGING THE PICTURE.

Point the camera at the object to be photographed,and locate the image in the finder. Alwavs loof intothe hnder from directly over it, not at an angle. Thehnder shows as nearly as possible a facsimJlc of thepicture. but on a reduced scale.i#t

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Holding the rnil led knob at the base, draw the lenssupport forward until it is stopped by the focussingcatch dropping into the slot marked roo feet (Fig. rl).The camera is norv ready {or taking all kinds ofgeneral views. If you wish to take a full length

T O

FIG.(r) Viewiniluded when camerr ir

held in vcrticel porition.

12.(6) Vie* included wbcr c-.r. r

hcld L bailatd ridr, .

FIG. I I .


To make a vertical picture, hold' the camera asshown in Fig. 13. The view in this case u' i l l be asshorvn hy the dotted l ines in Fig. tz (a).

To make a horizontal picture, turn the finder andhold the camera as shown in Fig. 14, and rememberthat only the view indicated by the dotted l ines inF' ig. rz (b) wi l l be shown in the picture.

FIG. 14.

The camera must be helcl level and steady, as theleast movement will cause a blurring of the picture.

If you try to photograph a high building, whilestanding near it, by pointing the camera upward" thc

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FIG. I5 .

result wi l l be similar to Fig. I5. This bui ldingshould have heen taken from the middle storey of anopposite bui lcl ing, or by withdrawing i f possible tothe distance at which, the camera being level, t t ,etop of the bui lding is included in the f inder.

If the object be at a low level, like a small child ora dog, the camera should be held down level with thecentre of the object.

Al l being in readiness, hold the camera level andsteady, and press the shutter relbase with the thumh.This makes the exposure.

The shutter is worked by a lever only on the Nos. zznd za Folding Autographic Brorn'nies. but i t can bcworked by either a lever or a cahle release on theNos. zc and 3.t models.

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The prcssure on the release may be relaxed im-mediately the shutter is heard to click.

The length o{ an instantaneous exposure is deter-mined by the position of the indicator A (Fig. r8),not by the length of time the release is pressed down.It must not be supposed that a " time " exposure canbe given by maintaining the pressure on the releaseunless the indicator A is set to the letter B (Fig. r8.)

Before making the next exposure, you write thedate or title of your picture by means of the Auto-graphic feature. In order to do this you must useAutographic Film, which costs no more than ordinaryfilm.

FIG. 16.

THE AUTOGRAPHIC FEATURE.'fhe canrera is autographic. This means that you

can write the particulars.of your subject on, the filmat the time the picture is taken.

At the back of the camera there is a spring doorwhich covers a narrow slit. When the door is liftedup a narrow strip of red coveiing paper is shown inthe slit. It is on this strip of red paper that thewriting is done. This slit is placed so that thewriting comes between the exposures.

After the picture is taken, push_back the sliding lgckwith your t6umb (Fig. 16). use the stylus, attached tothe door, or a smooth pointed pencil ; hold it in asupright a position as is convenient, anrl write on thest:rifot exposed red pap er any notes required, suchas titte of- picture, the date, or details of exposure,l ight, stops, etc. (See Fig. t7.;

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FIG. I7 .

To get a clear impression, press firmly on both theup ancl down strokes.

Do not let the sun shine'on the red paper. Thepressure of the pencil or stylus affects the tissue,wtrictr lies between the rcd paper and the fil^n insuch a way that the light will record the writing onthe film. After finishing the writing, the door shouldbe left open to allow the l ight to impress the writ ingon the fitrn. To get a good, clear impression exposeto the sky, but not to the sun, in accorCance rvith thefollorving table :

Out of doors :Rrillrant light, 2 to5 seconds.

Dull light, 5 to l0 rccondr.

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Indoors close to window : \

Brilliant light, 5 to 7 scconds.

B:ll li :\l ; l?,'f',H":"i?"'Xl, o, 30 to 60 secondr .Incandesclnt gas, distance 6 inches, 30'to 60 secondr,

To bring another section of film into. position turnthe key slowly until the next number (black on red)is visible through the red window. The warninghand appears only before section No. r, but a ror'v ofsmall black dots appears as a warning before all theother numbers.' Repeat the foregoing operations for each instant-aneous picture.

FIG. 18.

When you have used the lasl exposure on your rollof fihn, and have made your auLographic record on it,turn the wirrding key of your camera until the letter(t A " appea.rs in the red windorv. Now raise thehinged door and sign y( )ur name on the red paper,and expose it in the same way as you did whenmaking your records, Close the door agaln

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and finish winding the film for rernoval from thccamera. When tfre film is developed it will be readilyidenti hed by your signature .

Caution.

t. Alw:rys keep the door closed rvhen winding anew film into position.

2. It is important that the film should be turned sothat the number is in the centre of the red wtndowand thus bring the writ ing accurately 'n to thespace between the negatives.

3. If a pencil is used, the point rnust be dry, and itshould not be a copying pencil.

NOTE.-When the camera is not in use protcct itr facc from thcdirect rays of thc sun.

FIG. l8e.

THE SHUTTER.To nrake good pictures you must thoroughlyundcr-

stand the'action of the shutter.

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To help beginners and those who have difficulty indeciding upon the shutter speed and the lens aperturerequired by a given subject, the cameras are fitted withthe Autotime Scale (Figs. 18 & l8.l). This scale enablesthe most inexperienced to make the proper adjust-ments for any outdoor subject and any condition ofl ight. , :

The top scale, under the indicator A. Figs. 18 ct t8^e,,relates to the strength of light. The bottom scale,over indicator B, Figs. 18 & r8^L, relates to the kind ofsubject. '

THE AUTOTIME SCALE.

Top Scale.-strength of Light.

BRrnreNT.-Set the indicator A to this point onlywhen the sunshine is clear and intense and {allsdirectly on the principal part of the picture.

CrBen.-Set the indicator A to this point forordinary sunshine, and for intense sunshine when itis not fall ing directly on the principal part of thepicture.

NOTE.-Whcn the indicator A ir set at "Brilliant"

or "

Clear,"

lk;::"ta may be held in the hand as the exporure will bc inrtant'

GRAv.-Haz,y or dull sunshine, when the shadowcast by the sun rvould be called " half-shadow " -7distinctshadow but not as strong as under " bri l l iant "

or " clear " conditions. The indicator A must be setat T or B at the discretion of the user and an exposuregiven of half-a-second.

Durr. - Dull may be described as when a veryfaint shadow is barely visible. The indicator Amust be set at T or B and the exposure must be three-quarters of a second.

VBnv Durr-.-When the sky is completely overcastand no shadow of any kind is visible, set the indicatorA at T or B and give one secqnd's exposure.

NOTE.-Whcn the indicator A is at T or B, the camere must bcrlrced oo rorRe firrn, hvel tuppart.

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Bottom Scale.-Kind of Subiect.

Set the indicator B, Fi gs. r 8 & t 8n,, to the point corres-ponding with the kind of subject.

M.o.RrNr, Ctouos.-ps1 pictures in which either ofthese subjects is the principal featare of the picture.

Drstaut Vtew.-p61 landscaP€s, mountain views,etc., where the whole subject is at a distance-inother words, a general view, without a Princifalobject in the foreground.

AvBnecB VIsw.-A general landscape with a

Principal object in the foreground, the general land-scape being in the nature of. a background to theprincipal object.

NBen VtBw-PoRTRATT.-For viervs less than onehundred feet distant and for general portraiture.

NOTE.-Expose always for the principal object in the picture.

For rapidly moving objects put the indicator A at( 'br i l l iant ."

Ordinary moving objects, such as people s'alking,street traffic, etc., can be taken with the indicator Aat " moving objects," " brilliant " or " clear.'

If it is desirable to use a lens aperture smaller thanthat indicated by the kind of subject in order toincrease the depth of focus of the lens, this may bedone, but a compensating increase must be made inthe length of exposure. Thus, indicator B may bemoved from " average view " to " distant vierv " or" clouds " to increase the depth of focus of theaverage view, but the exposure must be increased,and if the light is " gray," you must regard it as" dull," or " very dull " as the case may be. Thiswill give the same resultant exposure with theincreased depth desired. The reverse of this is ,alsotrue, and any departure that experience suggests.'maybe madc from the scale directions providing that theexposure is adjusted accordingly.

In towns where the light is modified by highbuildings, use a lens aperture slightly larger thanthe one indicated.

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,lThe Autotime Scale is marked for summer at

midday. During winter and in the morning andafternoon, use the aperture next larger than the oneindicated.

Indicators A and B having been set according tothe l ight and the subject, and an unexposed sectionof f i lm being in posit ion, press down the shutterrelease.

If the inclicator A is at 25 (clear), 5o ibri l l iant)or roo (moving objects), a single pressure ofthe release wil l make an instantaneous exposure,hor,vever long you keep the release under pressure.If the indicator A is at T (gray, dull ;tnd verydull) one pressure of the release rn'ill opert' theshutter, and another pressure must be given at theend of the desired exposure lo close the shutter. If

FlG. | 9.20

the indicator is : t t B, t t te shutter wi l l rctnait t upctt aslong as the release is under pressure, and wil l closeimmediately the prcssure is relaxed.

Imrnediately after every exposure, tnake the auto-graphic record, turtr a new section of fihn intoposit ion, as described on page 16.

ALTERNATIVE METHOD.

I f preferred, the fol lowing instruct ions ln:Iy besubsti tuted for tht-rse relat ing to the Autotirne Scalecommencing on page 17. F-or R. l t . Lcns, see p. 26,

Instantaneous Exposures.I Meniscus Achromatic Lens.

. When making instantaneous exposures the strbjectshoulcl be in the broad, open sur: l ight but r lot thecamera. The sutr shoulcl be behind your back or overyour shoulder . I t i t sh ines d i rect ly in to the le t rs , i twi l l spoi l the picture.

FrHst . -Set the inc l icator A at 25, 50 or Ioo. Thisadjusts the shutter for exposures of r-25, r-5o or r-rooof a second.

Secowp.-Set the indicator B :rt No. z, the properopening for ordinary instantaneous exposLlres.

THrno.-Press the shutter release on the camerafront. This makes the exPosure.

NOTE.-ln bright light, get the indicator at 50 or 100. trmore subdued light, set it at 25, but do not attempt to mekcinstantaneous exposures in verv dull light.

Time Exposures.Meniscus Achromatic Lens.

The catch which locks the hinged front also actsas a strut-enabling the camera to stand in an uprig :position on a table or other firm and level support asin Fig' 19'

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FIG 20.

In making a horizontal picture turn the finder andswing the nickelled strut under the camera so as tolevel it (Fig. zo). ,

Time exposures cannot safely be made in thehands.

Frnsr.-Set the indicator A, Figs. 18 and r8a to thepoint T.

SBcono.-Set the indicator B, at No. 2,, 3, ot 4.See both sections on page z$.

TurRo.-Press the shutter release. This opensthe shutter. Time the exposure by the watch. Againpress the release. This closes the shutter.

Brief Time Exposures.Meniscus Achromatic Lens.

Time exposures shorter than a second are bestgiven in the following way :-

FrRsr.-Set the indicator A to the letter B.SBcoNo.-Set the indicator R at No. r, 2, 3' or 4.

(See par^graph on the lens aperture, page 2J.)

Tsrno.-Press the release to open the shutter andrelease it to close the shutter, taking care not to jarthe catnera.

NOTE.-Th6 shutter will remain open as long as the releaseundcr pr$surc.

Use the " time exposure " movement (indicatorat T) for exposures of a second or more.

Bcfore taking a picture always be sure of threethings :-

r. That the shuttet is adjusted properly for theexposure to be given-time or instantaneous.

2. That the lens aperture is set at the proper

. opening.

3. That an unexposed section of the film is inposition

INTERIORS.

Set the cameia in such a position that the finderwill embrace the view desired.

FIG. 2 I .

Fig. zr shows three positions for the camera, eachchosen so that the camera rvill not be pointed directlyat'a window, for the reason that the glare of l ight wil lspcril the pictur:e. If all the windows cannot beavoided, pull down fhe blinds of those which comewithin the range of the camera.

In ordinary circumstances aperture No. z is the bestfor interiors, and the following table gives theapproximate exposure required under varying con-ditions of light, with that stop for rooms rvhosewindorvs get the direct light from the sky, and fcrtimes of day between three hours after sunrise andthree hours before sunset.

If earlier or later, the time required will be longer.

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White walls lrrd more than one windowBright sun outside, 2 seconds;[ ; tsun, 5 seconds;cloudv bright, l0 seconds ;;i;il; i.ii, io s"co',d'. {

white. w""' 3:1,::: "T,:'i:ll*."r,,h"zy sun,8 seconds; -clou{Y bri.ght, l5 seconds ;cloudi dull, ,30 seconds.

Ilfedium coloured walls and hangings, and more

than one window :Bright sun outside, 4 secondr;h" iv tut , l0 secon&;cloudv bright, 20 seconds;cloudy dull, 40 seconds.

Medium coloured walls and hangings, .and one

w i n d o w :Bright run outside,6 recondr ;hazy sun, l5 seconds;cloudy bright, 30 seconds ;cloudy dull, 60 seconds.

Dark coloured walls and hangings, and more than

o n e w i n d o w :Bright sun outside, | 0 seconds ;

l'x'Jdft,q'&:lT*o*, ,cloudv dull, I minute 20 seconds

Dark coloured walls and hangings, and one

w i n d o w :Bright sun outside, 20 seconds:hazy sun, 40 seconds ;cloudy bright, I minute 20 seconds ;cloudy dull, 2 minutes 40 seconds.

If the largest aperture be used, give half the timein the tablE. With the third aperture double thrcii*" and with the fourth aperture multiply by four.

TIME E.XPOSURES IN THE OPEN AIR.

When aperture No. 4 is before the lens the ligbtadmitted is so much reduced that time exposures outof doors may be made as in interiors, but thecxposure must be much shorter.

24

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WrtH SutqsntNB:-The shutter can hardly beopened and closed quickly enough to avoid overcxposure.

\VttH Ltcnr Crouos.-From + to r second wil lbe suthcient.

\\rrts Hpevv Crouns.-F-rom z to 5 seconds willbe required.

These f igures :tre for the t ime of day lying betweenthrce hours after sunrise and three hours beforesunset and for objects in the open air. I"or othertimes of day and for objects in the shadow,under porches or under trees, accurate directionscannot be given ; experience only can indicate theproper exposure.

THE LENS APERTURE.

The adjustable opening in front of the lens, rvorkedby indicator B (F' igs. rB & tt ia), controls the amountof l ight passing through the lens.

The aper tu res a re marked r ,2 ,3 and 4 , and shou ldbe used as fol lorvs :

No. r- l 'or near views and portraits.

No. z-For ordinary instantaneous exposures.

No. 3-For :nstantaneous exposures ruvhen the sun-l ight is unusually strong arrd there are no he:rvyshzrdows.; such as in views on the sea shore, inextremely high, dry climates, or on the water or intropical or semi-tropical clirnates ; also for interiortime exposures.

No. 4- For time exposures out of doors in cloudyweather-not for instantaneous exposures, exceptingvery distatrt views, expanses of water and clouds.I irne exposurcs on cloudy days wrth the smallcststop, No. 4, wi l l range frorn + st coDd to j secondsaccording to the l ight.

The srnaller the stop the sharper the pictuie. but dunot use the smallest stops for instantaneous exposures.

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PORTRAITS.

Place the sitter itr a chair partly facing the light,and turn the face slightly towards the camera, whichshould be at the height of an ordinary table. Theproper distance from the camera to the subject canbe ascertained by looking at the image in the finder.For three-quarter figures the camera should be 8 feetfrom the figure, and for a full figure 8 to ro feet. (Seep. 27, " Kodak Portrait Attachment. ")

DIRECTIONS

for using the Folding Autographic Brownies

fitted with Rapid Rectilinear Lenses.

When your camera is fitted with the R.R. (RapidRecti l inear) Lens the following instructions should befollowed.

For Instantaneous Exposures. .

Rapid Rectilinear Lens. I

Frnst.-Set the lever A at 25, 50 or roo accordingto the time of instantaneous exposure required. I nbright light set the lever at the highest speed-'withthe Nos. 2A, zc and 3a it wil l be roo and with theNo. z it will be 5o. In rnore subdued lights set at 5Oor 25. Do not attempt to make any instantaneousexposure in dull light.

SBc<-ruo,-Set the lever B at No. 8. Lever Bcontrols the size of the lens opening, and 8 is theproper opening for ordinary instantaneous exposures.For instant:rneous exposures when the sunlight isunusually strong, and when there ate no heavyshadows, such as views at the seaside or on thewater, use opening No. 16. With l ight clouds orsligh.tly srnoky atmosphere use No. 4 at roo or No. dat go or 25, With heavy clouds do not attemptinstantaneous exposures.

20

For Time and Brief Tiine Exposurer.Rapid Rectilinear Lens.

Set the lever B at No. 16, 32 or 64.t

tlse of Diaphragms.Rapid Rectilinear Lens.

No. 4.-For instantaneous exposures on slightlycloudy days.

No. 8.-For all ordinary instantaneous exposures ingood sunlight

No. 15. - For instantaneous exposures when thesunlight is unusually strong and there are no heavyshadows, such as views at the seaside or on thawater. Also for interior time exposures.

No. 32.-For interiors. Never for instantaneousexposures.

No-. 64.-_For time exposures outdoors in cloudyweather. Never for instantaneous exposures. Thatirne _r_equired for time exposures on cloudy days withstop No. 64 will range from r/5th of a second to fiveseconds, according to the light. The smaller the stop_useg the sharper rvill be the detail in the picture, an-dthe longer will be the exposure required.

- Therefore

a small stop must never be used foi an instantaneousexposure.

KODAK PORTRAIT ATTACHMENT.

By the use of a KodakPortrait Attachment (F'ig.zz), large head and shoui-der pictures of varioussizes may be made. ThisAttachment is so valuableon many occasions thatevery Kodak useri rvhen heknows what it rvi l l do, rvi l ladd one to his outfit.

27

If,t iF -n 'rt ,

f

LFI

i

t

FtG.22.


2 Folding AutograPhic BrownieAttachment No' 8'

zn Folding AutograPhic BrownieAttachment No' 3'

Nos. zc ancl 3A F'olding AutographicPortrait Att:rchrnent No' $'

Be sure to sPecifY the name of Your camera and

tlre lens when ordering the attachment.

UNDER-EXPOSURE.To take an example, a negative is under-exposed

when. after correct developrnent, while the partsthat \vere well i ighted show a fair amount ofdetai l . thc parts that rvere in the shade lack detai l .To avoid this, :r lrv:rys calculate your exposure fort,re shady parts in your picture.

I n an extreme case the developed negative doesnot show detai l in either the \\ 'orse l ighted orthe bctter l ighted parts of the picture. This meansyou should give at least three t irnes as rnuch exposurefor a similar picture under similar condit ions.

An under-exposure can be rnade worse bv incorrectdevelopment. The Kodak F' i lm Tank rvi l l ensurecorrect development.

The only rernecly for an uncler-exposecl photographis to take the picture over ag;t i tr . Alrvavs givesul l icient exposure. (See pages 24-251.

OVER EXPOSURE.

This is a good fault . With correct devclopnrcntthere is a lack of contrast betrveen the s el l l iglrredparts of the picture and the shacl.v plrts. and inacldit ion t lre negzrt ive may take a long t irne to print.This can be corrected with a reducer. lSee p:rge J7f.

I FLASHLIGHT PICTURES.II Kodak Flashlight Cartridges have rvondcri :llv

simplif ied picture-taking at night. and €n., ' i€ r: :t amateur to obtain souvenirs of evening parties. g(npsf around the dinner or card ktble, and single p ::a-

which, but for the flashlight, s'ould be '.,**-r

nd thc! range of the camera.

These flashlight cartridges make it prFsihte algr to, photograph interiors rvhich cannot bc

-Li^, br- . .rr--

r light, either b1' reason of ? lack of ilh:' ' '-r"i'rn rr

$ because there are s-indorvs in the direct r-. '- \;, rierr

f ? s

takes Portrait

takes Portrait

Brorvnie take"

\

No.

The attachment is an extra lens which slips over

the lens, and enables the user to approach closer than

six feet to the s"Uj"lf (and thus g"t u larger image)

uitlr'or,t't s\oiling tlt'e def nitiotr"

The distance at which the Kodak is to be used, and

therefore the size of the picture, depends upon th-e

distance for *rri"r.| the Kodak'is focussed' Full

directions are supplied with the attachment'

The Kodak PortraitphotograPhing florversbnlarged scale.

See sPecial PamPhlet,

Attachment is useful alsoand other small objects on

post free on aPPlication'

inan

GROUPS.Arrange the chairs in the form of an arc' facing the

"^-"iu -so

that each chair will be about the same

d i s t a n c e f r o m t l r e c a m e r a . H a l f o i t h o s e c o m p o s i n gth&;;;p .no"ia ue ie"t.d, and the rest should stand

behind the chairs. If the group be largel ?ny number

of chair, *uy be used, but"-nonb of the subjects should

be seated on ttr" goot with limbs extended torvards

the camera.BACKGROUNDS.

Inmakings ing lepor t ra i tsorgroupsCareshouldbotaken to have a .iiituUt" background.ag,ainst which the

;i;;;;; wiir ,r,* in contrait or relief ; a light back-

ground is ue't^t^Jr-tttu" a dark one, and often a single

f igureor twowi l lshowupwel laga ins ta |acecur ta in .Fe;;G", groop., " *"ai,im light-ivall will be suitahle,

28


The camera should be prepared for "time" exposures'as directed on page zr of tliis Manual (except that the

iargest stop mustbe used) and placgd. o.1. a tripod, or

io,i" firm^ level support,- whence it will take in the

view desired.

uncork a flashlight cartridge and pogr the -quantityof powder requitdd to lig!| t6e subj"gt i" a {rlge upon

i metal tray, piece of caidboard or dish. The q9a-n-

tiiy "f pot"",t'"i required varies with the distance of the

oti"tt iarthest frorn the camera and the colour of the

*"tr. and hangings of the room. At one end of the

tiJg" stick " "pi"6"

of the touch-paper, supplied with

the cartridges.

The flashlight shouid always be .placed two feet

behind and triio or three feet to one side of the camera'so as to throw a shadorv and give a little relief in thefftnti"g. If placed in f*nt, of on -a line with the

fr?nt oT ttre cimera, the flash will fall upon the lens

""a blur the picture. The flash should be the

["igf,i of or a- little_ higher than the camera, ald

i-*1it" cardboard reflect6r placed behind the powder

will increase the illumination. The support upon

*tti"tr the flash is to be made should not -projecti"i L"n"grr .forward to cast a shadow in front of

the camera.

which cannot be darkened sufficiently to prevent the

blurring of the Picture.

Kodak Flashlight cartridges require no lanrp. andgive a minimum of smoke.

The finder on the camera will aid the amateur in

arranging the subject for the best effect. In order to

make"thJi*ug" visible in the finder, the room rvil l

have to be ,,*,ell l ighted with ordirrary gas or lamplight.*t"r;"t, neecl not be extinguishect rvhile the picture is

U",ng made, provided n6.re of the l ights is placed so

that it shorvs in the finder.

. In the case of a portrait the flash should be on thc

3o

side of the camera away from the face-that is, thesitter should not face it-and the flash should not behigher than the head of the sitter.

As to the arrangements of a group or a single figure,and the choice of a background (see page z8).

Having the camera and the flash powder bothin posit ion, and all being in readiness, open theshutter, and ignite the end of the touch-paper rvitha match. In a few seconds there wil l be a bright

flash which will irnpress the picture on the sensitivefi lm. Then push the lever to close the shutter. andturn a fresh section of fihn into position ready frrranother picture.

CAUTION.-Tbc 0r* ir in*utaoc, rd. I trrc. cilr,c.re mud be taken ml to bold the toocb-paocr wit5 rbc .' alrt . . .oi$itiog ir lf the powder ic ignited directly witbc ttrc c cf r:r'9rpcr. r- . loog tiper; never a metcL Kcco clc- o{ l| tl,

CLOSING THE CAMERA' f . Holcl ing the camera in the left h.rr{ !*r+r .rr

1

i " . . 3 I

r4*

FrG. 2t.


t h u m b a g a i r r s t t h e l e f t o f t h e l e n s s u p p o l ! a n d , . w i t hthe foredrrg.t, raise the focussing catch (Fig' z3)'

'! '*' II. Keep the focussing catch raised and push back

the lens support until the catch is clear of the

focussing scale then, ftnfal"g ttte milled knob, push '

the t"tr*lropjort until it rests against the nickelled

r,"p-bioct .' Be careful not to push the support

beycnd the stoP-block (F'ig. z4)'

III. close the front by pressing_down on the arm

locks of each side of the bed as shown in Fig: ?s.ftr"- U"a will now close readily and .is locked by

,*ingi"g the nickelled strut to the right, i .e., on the

same sid? as the winding key.

REMOVING THE FILM.

Taking out the exposed spool-and p.utting in a leYon" snoita be done in a lubdued light, but a dark

roorn is not required.

FlG. 24.

32 n'ft!*.*

JJ

FlG. 25.

I

I-l

f. When the last section of film has been exposed.turn the Bey about 14 half turns. This s' inds thcpaper round the exposed film and protects it frornthe light when the body of the carnera is talien out.

II. Have a new spool of film ready.

III. Lift out the body of the caureraas d.*ribcdon page 6.

IV. Pull out the winding key and tle ern^sedspool of film can then be lifted out. Takc czrre inatthe red paper does not unroll.

V. Fold over about half an inch of the rcd pncr(so as to rnake it easy to break again n'hen !'ou '- rrtto develop) and fasten it dorvn rvith the gumncd )..r.

* VI. \\'rap up the exposed trlm immc, .v toprevent possible injurl' by erposure to str, .3 . * :.

VII. The emptl' spool is nory lsrrr.' to bc ' -.-'t ?:tloading the carncra rr:'h tl'.: o€tt' >: ,trr rc de' Gdon page 6.

*


DEVELOPING.

If you post your spools to Kodak Lirnited fordevelopitgl please enciose your name ?ttd addressi; tne palt<bt, and send a letter of advice with & ,remittance to avoid delay. (See Price List, p. 38.)

If you rvish to clo your 9wn developing, you have

a chbice between the old-fashioned Dark Room

method, and the moclern method of developi"g i l

Ou'iigfrt with the Kodak Film Tank. Printed

inslru"ctions for either rnethod will be sent post ft.-"on request. It takes many years experience of dark

r-oom work to enable even -an

expert to get results

;a;i to those which the beginner obtains by the

more convenlent daYlight method.

\

MOUNTING.

Mounting s' ith paste is the method known toeveryone. Kodak l\Iountin.q Paste is speciallymanufactured so that it rvi l l have no deleterious effeclton the ernulsion of an1' pf i11t or enlargement rnountedrr'ith it.

Eastman Double coated rlounting Tape rvilr befound even more conve'ient. This is an e.xcee,Jinglythin paper coated on both sides rvith a speciaityprepared adhesive. one side is rnoistened and attacheito the pr int ; then the other s ide is arso moi: tened inits turn, and the print f ixed in posit ion on the mountor in the album.

Whel large numbers of photographs are to bemounted, the use of Ademco Dry -\Iounting Tissue,and a Dry Mounting Press can be recornrnen-ded.

Amateurs r,vill usually find the foilorving alternati'emethod with a f lat iron equally con'c,nient. Theiron should be just the right heat for ironin.sJ starchedl inen; the t issue is la id over the back o i ' ihe pr in tand touched with a corner of the iron to athlh itto the print. Print and tissue are then trimmed tothe required size, and placed in posit ion on themount ; a sheet of. clean paper is placed on top andthe rvhole surface is pressed (not ironed,; rvith thc hotflat iron. (For prices, see pag e 37 )

KODAK SERVICE.If you have any trouble in gettin! perfect results

with .vour Brorvnie, please ask for a-free clcrnonstra-t ion sorne morning at anv Kodak branch ; i f that isnot convenient. rvrite about )'our dirhculty to K,).daliLirnited, Kingsrvay, London, \\ ' .C.2.

Kodak Limited. emplol's a staff of dern,^-.l!:af ̂.ga.tq experts to sce that all. photographic pr, - .rrcexplained rr\: h Kodak owneis

-rind di: , ir

solving for r. :scr- e!-

For printing,contrast, Vigorousif the negativesSpecial Velox wil l

PRINTING.if the negatives are lacking inVelox willbe most suitable Paper ;

themselves are contrastY, Soft orbe preferable.

ENLARGING.,

negatives enlargementswith the No. 3 Brownie

negatives enlargementsand Trom No. 3a Brownie

Any negative that gives a good contact--pt-t"-t

will gin" "

o good enlirgement on eith er Kodakgro*iae or Soit Velox Pafer by means of daylight.

From No. 2 Brownie negatives enlargements

7 i 5 ins. can be made witf l the No. 2 Brownie'e"f"r!ing

Camera, and_enlargements Post Card size

Gt i-f+lns.l with the Brownie Post Card Enlarging

CameraFrom No. 2A Brownie

8+ X 5 ins. can be madeEnlarging Camera.

From No. 2c Brownie9A X 5f; ins. can be tnade,negatives enlargementsNo-. 4 Brorvnie Enlarging

ro by 6L ins. with theCamerA.

3 + :a rJ 't''


PRICE LIST.# :

*The No.2 Folding Autographic Rrownie,

with Meniscus Achrornatic Lens

With Rapicl Recti l inear Lens ...

No. 2a Folding Autographic Brownie,with Meniscus Achrornatic Lens ' ...

With Rapid Recti l inear Lens ...

No. 2c Folding Autographic Brownie,

with Meniscus Achromatic Lens ...

With Rapid Recti l inear Lens ... ...

Brownie,L e n s . . .

S s. d . '

r 1 8 6

2 5 0

o 9 0o I o o

o r r 6

o 1 3 o

2 7 6

2 1 7 6

2 1 7 6

3 7 6

3 7 6

3 1 7 6

No. 3e Folding AutograPhicwith Meniscus Achromatic

With Rapid Rectilinear Lens

Autographic Film-

No .2 6ExposureSPoo l

No. 2r 12

No. 2A 6

No. 2c 10

No. 2c 6

No. 3e 10

No. 3e 6

ditto

ditto

ditto

di t to

ditto

ditto

... lrtzo

. . . Ar r6

. . . A r 16

, . . Ar3o

. . . A r 3 o

. . . Atzz

r , . Alzz

o 1 3

o 3 4o r 8

0 3 9

o 2 4

o 4 6o 2 8

Leather Carrying Case for No. 2

Ditto ditto No. 2e

Leather Carrying Case for No. 2c

Ditto ditto No' 3e36

\\

Canvas Carrying Case for No.

Ditto dit to No.Di t to d i t to No.

Ditto dit to No.

Portrait Attachment . . . o

Brownie Developing Box for No. 2 , ... o

Kodak Developing Tank for No. 2 ... oDi t to d i t to No. 2e . . . oDitro dit to No. 2c or .3.r r

Developing Powders (for use with Boxand Tank), for No. 2, per packet of 6 o

Developing Powders for Tank for No. 2A,2 c o r 3 A . . . . . .

Kodak Acid F' ixing Salt, in I ins - 16. r/ and

A B C Dveloping and Printing Outfit forNo. 2 cr Ztr

2 o . .

2 l ' . o .

2c . . .3 r . . .

I s .o 4o 5o 5o 6

\\

a . \\

o \

o

b

6

6

o

o

o

o

2

9r4r 7

3

o 9

o r 3o 2 0

Dittl for No. 2c or 3n,Solio P.0.P., per packetSelf-Tonng Solio, per packetVelox Paler, all grades, per packetBromide Paper, per packet fromVelox Prnting Outfit, for Nos . 2 and

Ditto ditto for Nos . 2c and

O I T

-/8 and

/E and

/8 and

2t'

3e

o

ot

;

386

o

6

6

o t u

o l

o t

O I

o o

o t 8

I O

O I

O I

Kodak Rducing Solut ion . . . . . . .Velox Coeentrated Developer, per bottleKocl "k Cc

' :ed Toning and Fixing

Solutir (oc solution), Goz. r/j,Io-oa zl. 2ooz-

,'&


Cartridges, Per + doz. 116 ;

ditto No. 2l

ditto No. 2c

ditto No. 3a

DittoDitto

Dit to

Ditto

Ditto

Dit to

Printing from Neg

doz. , No. 2

I s . d ,

o 7 0Flash-Light

per doz.

Eastman Thermometer . . . " ' " '

Brownie Postcard Enlarging Camera

No. 2 Brownie Enlarging Camera

No. 3 Brownie Enlarging Camera " '

\ o. 4 Brownie E,nlarging Camera

Kodak Mounting Paste, per bott le " '

Eastman Double Coated Mounting Tape

Ademco Dty Mounting Tissue, per pkt '

Developing Exposures' per doz', No' 2

o

o

o

o

I

o

o

o

o

oo

, l

f oI

I

3 61 2 0

1 4 6

r 9 0

2 0

I O

o 6

r 3

2 0

3 o3 63 6

Print ing from Negatives, unmounted,

per doz, , No. 2 . . . . . . " ' " '

ditto ditto ' No. 2e

ditto ditto NC. 2c

ditto ditto No. 3e

atives, mounted, Per

ditto No.

di t to No.

ditto No.

o 2 0

o 2 6

o 3 0

o 3 0

o 3 c)

0 3 6

o 4 0

o 4 0

Dit to

l)itto

.Ditto

ditto

ditto

ditto

#

suhlect

A

t c

A ]

IfI

o/

iII

22J

a,7-he ptices of pho/osa?lt'ic rn'aterials

to alto"atiort,

38

T he Seal, ondwhat i t meons

f l

You will find this Seal on every

bottle or package of Kodak Tes,- J

Chemicals you buy.*

that expert chemists have t " -' !

the purity, strength and uniformity

of the chenricals-it means that

when you see the Seal you know

the chemicals are absolutely' right.

Kodak, Ltd., K i n gs \r'a!,, tna on. \l'.Cl

I

It mcin3

19


tr

#, vELOX.The Originil Gaslight PaPer.

Prints in any light, re{uires no

dark room for develoPing, and is

extrernely simple to work' It is

made with a varietY of surfaces,

ranging from dead matte to glossY,

so that different effects may be

obtained. VELox is further divided

into two grades : " vigorous " for

negatives of very weak contrast'

and " soft "

f or all other negatives.

From alt Kodak Deale'rs.

Kodak, Ltd., Kingsway' London, W'C'2'

*

,

4o

HE KODAK CATALOGUEgives particulare of rnrntuseful acceroricq mounb,albums, and supplieq allof which can be obteinedthrough your photogrrphicdealer. A copy will bcsent post free on applicr,-tion to

K O D A KKINGSWAY,

L I M I T E DLONDON, W.c.z

Jry*


kodak folding autographic brownie 1888

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