kompjuteri prsonal (pc)
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
1/46
Kompjutert personalKompjutert personal( Personal computers( Personal computers--PCPC ))
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
2/46
PCPC--jaja sht i prber nga:sht i prber nga:HARDWER-i qjan pjest
((HARDHARD q do t thot e fq do t thot e fort)ort)
dhe
SOFTWER-i qjan programet
((SOFTSOFT-- q do t thot eq do t thot e but)but)((sikurse njeriusikurse njeriu,, nga TRUPI dhe SHPIRTInga TRUPI dhe SHPIRTI).).
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
3/46
HARDWERI (TRUPI):HARDWERI (TRUPI):
Jan pjest e forta t kompjuteritJan pjest e forta t kompjuterit
qq mund ti shohim me symund ti shohim me sy dhedhe
mund ti prekim me dormund ti prekim me dor
Dhe ndahet ne:Dhe ndahet ne:
Pjes hardwerike tPjes hardwerike tmbrendshmembrendshme dhedhe pjespjes
hardwerike t jashtmehardwerike t jashtme
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
4/46
Pjes t mbrendshme jan:Pjes t mbrendshme jan:
ROM (Read Only Memory)memoria vetem pr lexim e cila nuk fshyhet
asnjehere po ngel ashtu si e ka dhene prodhuesi
RAM (Random access memory)
memoria pr lexim dhe shkrim e cila aktivizohetme kyqjen e kompjuterit dhe sht aktive deri sa
sht aktiv edhe kompjuteri, me kyqjen e
kompjuterit kjo memori fshyhet, ndrsa
kapaciteti i saj matet me MB
HDD (hard disku)
hard disku eshte njesi hardwerike ku rruhen t
dhenat , programet, shenimet e ndryshme etj,
thjeshte paraqet nje magazin te madhe,
kapacitete e HDD maten me GB
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
5/46
Pjes t mbrendshme jan:Pjes t mbrendshme jan:
Procesori shte pjesa kryesore ku behetprpunimi i informatave hyrese-dalse dhe ai
prcakton kompjuterin se me cfar kompjuteri
kemi te bejme, kemi disa lloje procesoresh si
psh AMD.Cirix,Pentium etj, (Standardi i
tanishem eshte Intel-PENTIUMIV)..
Kartela grafike prcakton pamjen n
ekran kemi disa lloje , kapaciteti i
matet me MB.
Kartela e zrit prcakton zrin n kompjuter.
...dhe pjes tjera , q gjenden n brendi
si Pllakza amz etj.
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
6/46
Pjes t jashtme jan:Pjes t jashtme jan:
Tastatura e cila prpos si pjeshardwerike mund t prcaktohet
edhe si njesi hyrse nga ku i japim t
dhnat dhe komandat e caktuara,
Ekrani - i cili gjithashtu mund tprcaktohet edhe si pjes dalse
hardwerike ku i shohim t dhnat e
caktuara,
FDD - flopi disku ose disketa, ketu mund te
bejme incizimin e shenimeve te caktuara
dhe ti marim me vete, kapaciteti standard i
disketes eshte 1.44MB.
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
7/46
Pjes t jashtme jan:Pjes t jashtme jan:
Miu i cili zavendeson tastaturnn shume raste dhe lehtson
punn me kompjuter.
Printeri njesi e jashtme ku i shohimt dhenat dhe rezultatet e caktuara
nga puna e jon me PC-n.
Scaneri, CD ROM-i,
CD-RW,
Kamera etj.
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
8/46
SOFTWERI (SHPIRTI)SOFTWERI (SHPIRTI)
nga vet fjalanga vet fjala SOFTSOFT shihet se kemi t bjmshihet se kemi t bjm
m dika t but dhe t pa prekshme por tm dika t but dhe t pa prekshme por t
dukshme e q si ngjajsi kemi marrdukshme e q si ngjajsi kemi marr ShpirtinShpirtin
e njeriute njeriut, Thjesht Softweri paraqet, Thjesht Softweri paraqetprogramet e komjuterit, edhe pse nuk kaprogramet e komjuterit, edhe pse nuk ka
ndonje ndarje karakteristike t softwerit nendonje ndarje karakteristike t softwerit ne
do te bjm nje ndarje logjike q tdo te bjm nje ndarje logjike q tkuptojm me mire programet e caktuara.kuptojm me mire programet e caktuara.
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
9/46
SOFTWERI (SHPIRTI)SOFTWERI (SHPIRTI)1.1. Sistemet OperativeSistemet Operative
(DOS, WINDOWS, UNIX, LINUX)(DOS, WINDOWS, UNIX, LINUX)
2. Programet n pak2. Programet n pakeet (t ( MS OFFICE etjMS OFFICE etj..))
3. Programet aplikative3. Programet aplikative
(Programe private )(Programe private )
4. Programe t internetit4. Programe t internetit
(Internet explorer, Netskape etj)(Internet explorer, Netskape etj)
5. Programet tjera5. Programet tjera ..
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
10/46
Windowsisht n disaWindowsisht n disa
verzione, siverzione, si ::WINDOWS95 , WINDOWS97 ,WINDOWS95 , WINDOWS97 ,
WINDOWS98 , WINDOWSME ,WINDOWS98 , WINDOWSME ,
WINDOWSNT, WINDOWS2000 ,WINDOWSNT, WINDOWS2000 ,WINDOWSXP.WINDOWSXP.
WindowsXPServer 2003, etjWindowsXPServer 2003, etj
Me s shumtiprdoret,Me s shumtiprdoret,WINDOWS95/98, Me dheWINDOWS95/98, Me dhe
WINDOWSXP.WINDOWSXP.......
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
11/46
Sistemi DOS (Sistemi DOS ( para Win 95para Win 95--shitshit ))
DOS (Disk operating sistem);DOS (Disk operating sistem);--
Edhe pse sht sistem m i hershm i PCEdhe pse sht sistem m i hershm i PC--ve ne do tve ne do t
prmendim disa komanda t tij,prmendim disa komanda t tij, CD, DIR, MD, RDCD, DIR, MD, RD
(Keto jan komanda q kan t bjn m(Keto jan komanda q kan t bjn m drejtoritdrejtorit))
dhedhe
CD..CD.. (Kalon nga nj drejtori e caktuar n nj tjetr,)(Kalon nga nj drejtori e caktuar n nj tjetr,)
DIRDIR (Shfletimin e drejtorive dhe fajllave)(Shfletimin e drejtorive dhe fajllave)
MDMD (make directory) krijon drejtori(make directory) krijon drejtori
RDRD fshin drejtorifshin drejtori
DEL,COPY,EDIT,DATE,TIMEDEL,COPY,EDIT,DATE,TIME etjetj
(Keto jan komanda tjera pr(Keto jan komanda tjera prfajllatfajllat))
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
12/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
13/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
14/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
15/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
16/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
17/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
18/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
19/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
20/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
21/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
22/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
23/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
24/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
25/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
26/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
27/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
28/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
29/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
30/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
31/46
Item Description
A1 AGP slot
BT1 Battery
BU1 Buzzer
CN1 CPU 1 thermal sensor connector
CN2 CPU 1 fan connector
CN3 Power assist
CN4 Upper: PS/2 mouse connectorLower: PS/2 keyboard connector
CN5 Power connector
CN7 USB connectors
CN8 Upper: Parallel portLower left: Serial 1 portLower right: Serial 2 port
CN10 CPU 2 thermal sensor connector
CN11 CPU 2 fan connector
CN12 LAN jack (RJ45)
CN13 Upper: Line-out portLower: Audio-in port
CN14 CD-ROM connector
CN15 Mic-in port
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
32/46
CN17 FDD connector
CN22 Reserved
CN23 IDE2 connector
CN28 IDE1 connector
CN29 Front connectorCN30 Wake on LAN connector
CN32 Ultra 160/m SCSI channel Aconnector
CN33 Ultra 160/m SCSI channel Bconnector
CPU1-2
Two CPU Slot-2 slots
Fan1-4
Housing fan connectors
RM1-4
RIMM slots
JP1 Password settings
1-2: Check password2-3: Bypass password
JP2 BIOS settings
1-2: OEM BIOS2-3: BIOS
JP4 Flashed BIOS safety boot
1-2: FWH top lock2-3: FWH top unlock
JP5 System reboot when POST timedout
1-2: Timeout reboot2-3: Don't reboot
JP6 Onboard buzzer/external speaker
1-2: Onboard Buzzer2-3: External speaker
JP7 Force CPU to run at 2 x 133 MHzor 2 x 100 MHz
1-2: Set by ICH11112-3: CPU strap
JP8 SCSI terminator for Channel A
1-2: SCSI terminator off2-3: SCSI terminator on
JP8X SCSI terminator for Channel B
P1,2,3, and6
32-bit/33-MHz PCI slots
P4 and 5 64-bit/66-MHz PCI slots
U4 Intel 82801 chipset (ICH)U9 Intel 82840 chipset (MCH)
U16 Intel 82559 LAN chipset
U37 SMC 47B277 super I/O chipset
U48 AD1881 audio chipset
U63 Adaptec AIC-7899 chipset
U64 Intel 82806 chipset (P64H)
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
33/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
34/46
CMOS battery bad CMOS battery power lost.
Action: Replace the lithium battery or contact yourdealer.
CMOS checksum error CMOS RAM error.
Action: Run Setup and reconfigure the system. (To
enter the BIOS Setup screen, press CTRL + ALT +ESC during POST. For details about running
Setup, see Chapter 4, Setup Utility.)
CPU clock mismatch CPU frequency has been changed by the user.
Action: When the user changes the CPU frequency, this
message appears once and then BIOS adjusts theCPU clock automatically.
Diskette drive controller error or Notinstalled floppy disk controller Error
This error is caused by one of the following:
* Power supply cable is not connected to the diskettedrive connector.
* The diskette drive cable is not plugged to the diskettedrive interface on the system board.
* The diskette drive controller is defective.
Action: Check and connect the floppy cable on bothfloppy drive and system board ends. If the cable isgood and properly connected, the diskette drivecontroller may be the problem. Change the diskettedrive controller or disable the onboard controller byinstalling another add-on card with a controller.
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
35/46
Diskette drive A errorDiskette drive B error
Diskette drive A or B may be bad.
Action: Check the floppy drive cable connections. If the diskettedrive is connected properly, then replace the diskette drive.
Diskette drive A type mismatchfloppy drive A error
Diskette drive B type mismatchfloppy drive B error
The floppy drive does not support the type indicated in the BIOSSetup configuration.
Action: Run Setup and select the proper floppy drive type. (To
enter the BIOS Setup screen, press CTRL + ALT + ESC
during POST.)
ECC facility fail RIMM might be bad.Action: Replace the RDRAM chips or the RIMMs.
Equipment configuration error The hardware configuration does not match the Setupconfiguration data.
Action: Run Setup and configure the system. (To enter the
BIOS Setup screen, press CTRL + ALT + ESC duringPOST.)
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
36/46
Expansion ROMallocation failed
The I/O expansion ROM fails to allocate for the PCI device.Action: Change the I/O expansion ROM address.
IDE drive 0 errorIDE drive 1 error
The IDE drive may be bad, type mismatched, or not properlyinstalled.
Action: Replace the disk drive or the hard disk drive controller.Check the HDD cable connections and BIOS Setupconfiguration.
IDE drive 0/1 autodetection failed
The hard disk drive may be bad, or not compatible with IDEindustrial specification.
Action: Replace the disk drive or the hard disk drive controller.Check the HDD cable connections and BIOS Setup*configuration
IRQ setting error Wrong IRQ setting for the PCI device.Action: Run Setup to make sure there is no IRQ device conflict.
(To enter the BIOS Setup screen, press CTRL + ALT +ESC during POST.)
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
37/46
Insert system diskette and pressthe Enter key to reboot
A non-bootable diskette is detected on the diskette drivewhen the system boots.
Action: Insert a bootable disk in the diskette drive or removethis disk if a hard disk drive is installed
I/O parity error The I/O access is not correct.
Action: Check all I/O related circuits (i.e. system I/Ocontroller, memory controller, interrupt controller, DMAcontroller, and so on.)
Keyboard error or no keyboardconnected
POST detects an error in the keyboard or the keyboard is notconnected.
Action: Reconnect or replace the keyboard.
Keyboard interface error POST detects an error in the interface between the systemboard and the keyboard. The keyboard circuit module may
be defective.Action: Check the keyboard interface circuit or change thekeyboard.
Keyboard locked The keyboard lock feature prevents any access to thekeyboard.
Action: Unlock the keyboard.
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
38/46
Pointing device error The pointing device installed may be bad or the device is notproperly connected.
Action: Reconnect or replace the pointing device.
Pointing device interface error POST detects an error in the interface between the systemboard and the pointing device.
Action: Check the keyboard interface circuit or run Setupand check pointing device. (To enter the BIOS Setup
screen, press CTRL + ALT + ESC during POST.)
Pointing device IRQ conflict The same IRQ address was assigned to an add-on card andan onboard pointing device.
Action: Run Setup and change the IRQ setting of thepointing device or the add-on card. (To enter the BIOS
Setup screen, press CTRL + ALT + ESC during
POST.)
Press Ctrl + Alt + Esc to enterSetup or F1 key to continue
A system configuration error is detected, or the hardwareconfiguration does not match the Setup configurationdata in CMOS.
Action: Run Setup. (To enter the BIOS Setup screen, press
CTRL + ALT + ESC during POST.)
Press 1 key to enter Setup or otherkey to continue
This message appears on the screen when a terminal insteadof a console monitor is installed.
Action: Press 1 to enter Setup and check the configuration.Pressing any other key prevents entering Setup.
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
39/46
Press 1 key to enter Setup or other key tocontinue
This message appears on the screen when aterminal instead of a console monitor isinstalled.
Action: Press 1 to enter Setup and check theconfiguration. Pressing any other key preventsentering Setup.
Press Esc to turn off NMI, or any key toreboot
A non-maskable interrupt (NMI) occurs.Action: Press Esc to reject NMI error or press any
other key to reboot the system.
Memory error at: MMMM:SSSS:OOO (W:XXXX,R:YYYY) where: M: MB, S: Segment, O:Offset, X/Y: write/read pattern
RDRAM, RIMM, or add-on memory card may bedefective.
Action: Replace the RDRAM chips or the RIMMs.
NVRAM checksum error The NVRAM in the EISA model contains EISA
configuration information. Accidental datawrites in the NVRAM area causes an error.POST detects the error and displays thecorresponding error message.
Onboard serial port 1 conflict(s)Onboard serial port 2 conflict(s)
Onboard serial port address conflicts with the add-on card serial port.
Action: Change the onboard serial port address in
Setup or change the add-on card serial portaddress. (To enter the BIOS Setup screen,
press CTRL + ALT + ESC during POST.)
Onboard parallel port conflict(s) Onboard parallel port address conflicts with theadd-on card parallel port.
Action: Change the onboard parallel port addressin Setup or change the add-on card parallelport address. (To enter the BIOS Setup screen,
press CTRL + ALT + ESC during POST.)
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
40/46
Onboard xxx.... conflict(s) Onboard device resources (for example, IRQ, DMA, I/O address)conflict.Action: Try to reassign or disable onboard device resources.
PCI device error PCI device may be bad.
Action: Check the PCI card. Replace it if it is bad.
Real-time clock (RTC)Error
POST detects a real-time clock error.Action: Check RTC circuit or replace the RTC.
RAM parity error RDRAM chips, RIMMs, or add-on memory card may be defective.
Action: Replace the RDRAM chips or RIMMs, or disable parity check inSetup if the model supports it.
RAM parity error RDRAM chips, RIMMs, or add-on memory card may be defective.
Action: Replace the RDRAM chips or RIMMs, or disable parity check inSetup if the model supports it.
System managementmemory bad
System management memory (SMM) is bad. May be caused bysystem green malfunction.
Action: Replace the RDRAM chips or RIMMs.
System resource conflict Some system resource conflicts with the resources required by the PCIdevices.
Action: Run Setup to reconfigure the system. (To enter the BIOS
Setup screen, press CTRL + ALT + ESC during POST.)
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
41/46
Pin Assignment
1 Keyboard Data
2 (Reserved)
3 Ground
4 Keyboard Power(+5V)
5 Keyboard Clock
6 (Reserved)
Pin Assignment
1 Mouse Data
2 (Reserved)
3 Ground
4 Mouse Power(+5V)
5 Mouse Clock
6 (Reserved)
Video-Out Ports
Pin Assignment Pin Assignment
1 Red 9 No Connect
2 Green 10 Ground
3 Blue 11 Ground
4 Ground 12 IIC Data
5 Ground 13 Horizontal Sync
6 Red Return 14 Vertical Sync
7 Green Return 15 IIC Clock
8 Blue Return
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
42/46
Pin Assignment Description
1 DCD Data CarrierDetect
2 RD Receive Data
3 TD Transmit Data
4 DTR Data TerminalReady
5 SG SignalGround
6 DSR Data SetReady
7 RTS Request toSend
8 CTS Clear to Send
9 RI RingIndicator
Pin Assignment Pin Assignment Pin Assignment
1 Strobe 10 Ack 19 Ground
2 Data 0 11 Busy 20 Ground
3 Data 1 12 Error 21 Ground
4 Data 2 13 Select 22 Ground
5 Data 3 14 AutoFd 23 Ground
6 Data 4 15 Fault 24 Ground
7 Data 5 16 Init 25 Ground
8 Data 6 17 SelectIn
9 Data 7 18 Ground
Serial Ports
Parallel Port
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
43/46
USB Ports
Pin Assignment Color Comment
1 VCC Red Cable power
2 -Data White
3 +Data Green
4 Ground Black Cable ground
Ethernet Port
Pin Assignment
1 Transmit+
2 Transmit
3 Receive+
4 (Reserved)
5 (Reserved)
6 Receive
7 (Reserved)
8 (Reserved)
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
44/46
Audio Ports
Connector Tip Ring Sleeve
Mic-in L R Ground
Line-in L R Ground
Line-out L R Ground
Mic-In Port
Line-In and Line-Out Ports
System
dimensions
48.9 cm (19.25'') H x 20.95 cm (8.25'') W x 44.1 cm (17.375'') D-without
bezel, 49.16 cm (19.375'') D-with bezelPower
Requirements
The power requirements are shown on the back of the system
AmbientTemperature
+10C (+50F) to +35C (+95F) (operating)-20C (-4F) to +60C (+149F) (non-operating)
Relative Humidity 10% to 90% non-operating (no condensation)
Vibration 0.38 mm (0.015''), 5-16.2 Hz; 0.2 G, 16.2-250 Hz (operating)
0.6 G, 5-27.1 Hz; 0.4 mm (0.016), 27.1-50 Hz; 2 G, 50-500 Hz (non-operating)
System Weight 16.78 kg (37 lbs) in the two CPU configuration
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
45/46
-
8/3/2019 Kompjuteri prsonal (PC)
46/46
Kompjutert personalKompjutert personal
( Personal computers( Personal computers--PCPC ))