MRA2- SeedQualitySocialScienceResearchSupport

EducationandTraininginTropicalSoy

KristinBilyeu:USDA-ARSKerryClark:UniversityofMissouri

MRA2focusonfarmerimpacts-appropriatetechnologyforhouseholdfoodsecurity

MRA2linkingotherMRAs

• PlantBreedingandGermplasm• ProductionandAgronomy• PlantBreederEducation• UtilizationforHumanNutrition• UtilizationforLivestockNutrition• GenderImpacts• EconomicImpacts• EnvironmentalImpacts• SeedSystems

MRA2GrainandSeedQuality

FARMERIMPACTS

To improve yield and pest resistance, breeders need access to world’s germplasm collections

Soybean is out of its native element in the tropics and behaves strangely

Sets of genes interact to make soybean adapted/nonadapted to tropics: determinance, maturity, long juvenile

The interactions of these genes is an unknown frontier in soybean research

Understanding molecular genetics of soybean adaptation to tropical environments (PhD student)

Population TestingGenesA1:Jake(MGV)xParanagoianaMG?A2:JakexPI159925(MGVIII)

LongjuvenileJ/j

B1:X97 (MGIII)xPI159925B2:X97 xJenguma (SARI-Ghana)

MajormaturityE1/e1-as;Indeterminate/determinate Dt1/dt1;J/j?

C1:KB13:33[X97 xECMG0Longjuvenile]C2:KB13:34[TofuxECMG0Longjuvenile]

E1/e1-as;E2/e2,E3/e3,E4/e4,Dt1/dt1,J/j

0%1% 0%

14%

16%

33%

36%

AllPopulationsTotal:231Lines

Green:short

Green:Intermediate

Green:tall

Senescing

Mature:short

Mature:Intermediate

Mature:tall

CostaRica11o N,99days:B1line5222,maturetall

2016and2017fieldtrialsinfourGhanalocations;genotypinginUS

CharacterizingJforAfricansoybeans

May2017

Soybean contains anti-nutritional factors that affect intake, availability, or metabolism of nutrients in animals. Require cooking/heating

Kunitz trypsin inhibitors significantly reduce the digestibility and utilization of amino acids.

Lectins are not broken down in the gut, attach to mucosa cells damaging the intestinal wall and reducing the absorption of nutrients.

Low Processing ‘Jenguma’ line developed with backcrossing and molecular markers

Backcrossbreeding:[JengumaxJengumax(X97-0101xJenguma)]

PerfectmarkerselectionforheterozygousKunitzTrypsinInhibitor(KTI3)andLectin(Le)eachgeneration

Currentlyyieldtesting(2locations)inGhana

75cm

CostaRica11o N

JengumaJenguma(lowprocessing)

This trait has no distinguishing characteristics from regular soybean so must be grown as identity preserved

Closed loop system between growers and poultry industry-grown under contracts

Possible construction of small scale, female-driven poultry systems where feed can be grown and processed in village

SocialScienceResearchSupport• OriginalGoal- supportsocialscienceresearchbyprovidingsoybeansuccesskitsto2of3surveyvillages

2400kitsdistributedinGhana2400kitsdistributedinMozambiqueKitsarenowbeingscaledupbySIL,IFDCandCRSSILwillprovidetrainingandqualitycontrol

• Expandedgoals• Increasedsphereofinfluenceofsoybeanaroundonesurveyvillage(GhanaandMozambique)andprovidetechnologyinput

Survey,nosoybeankit

Survey,yessoybeankit

Survey,yessoybeankit

Nosurvey,yeskits

Nosurvey,yeskits

ThreshersDoeshavingaccesstoharvesttechnologyincreaseuptakerateofsoybeanacceptanceandproduction

Doeshavingacriticalmassofsoybeangrowersinageographicareaincreaseuptakerateofsoybeanacceptanceandproduction

MRA2ExtensionandEducation

•DevelopExtensioninformationfordistributiontoagprofessionals

• Provideextensioninformationtokitrecipientsandothercommunitymembers~4000peoplereachedinGhana,4000inMozambique

ThreeGuidesandExtensionPublicationsdistributedtoMOFAagentsandNGOsinGhanaandMozambique

• ProvidedAgronomicExpertiseforMEDAinUpperWest

• Trained150leadwomenfarmersinQualitySeedProductionwhoaffect10,000femalegrowers

• CollaboratingwithMEDAonmechanization/thresherprojects

MRA2- CollaborationwithMRA5- UtilizationforHumanNutrition • Agronomytrainingmustbe

pairedwithutilizationtraining

• AdaptedMRA5slideshowonnutritionandutilizationforsmallholdereducationinGhanaandMozambique

• WorkedwithMRA5toplannutrition/utilizationworkshopsinresearchvillagesinMozambique(600womenaffected=3000children)

NeedtocontinuecollaborationtoprovidetrainingoftrainerswithinMOFAExtension,healthworkers,NGOs

Thresher Design ContestThree U.S. and three Ghanaian Univ.

Thresher Fabrication Training- Tamale, Ghana August 1-9, 2016.

Collaborating with IFDC, ACDI-VOCA, CRS, Tamale Implement Factory, RING

Two year study planned on thresher utility, affect on agricultural practices and productivity

Marketing a Custom Smallholder Thresher Fabrication Workshop. Two SIL trainers will do either ToT or workforce training.

Extension will be made available to encourage use of harvest practices that leave residue in field to improve SOM

Smallholder Mechanization in AfricaMay 3: Webinar I: IITA and CTI threshers

Archived at http://soybeaninnovationlab.illinois.edu/improving-mechanization-african-smallholder-farmers-sil-webinar-series

June 6: Webinar II: MOST and SILhttp://soybeaninnovationlab.illinois.edu/economic-development-and-

mechanization-africa

July 6: Webinar III: Imara Tech and Purdue Universityhttp://soybeaninnovationlab.illinois.edu/improving-mechanization-african-

smallholder-farmers

August 2: Webinar IV: Cleber LLC, Oggún Tractorhttp://soybeaninnovationlab.illinois.edu/improving-mechanization-african-

smallholder-farmers-webinar-series-cleber-llc-and-oggun-tractor

Gained African licensing rights to Oggun tractor and Morrison seeder

Developing training program for manufacturers and service providers

Working on public-private partnerships to develop manufacturing of both in Africa (Senegal and Ethiopia)

Seeking partners to field test Oggun tractor in African environmental conditions