Kristina RobertsonKristina Robertson4/7/20114/7/2011

Clemson UniversityClemson UniversityENR 613ENR 613

•Located in the South Carolina Botanical Located in the South Carolina Botanical GardenGarden•Previously abandoned dump site with highly Previously abandoned dump site with highly eroded landeroded land•Pond created 10 years ago as part of storm Pond created 10 years ago as part of storm water water management plan management plan•Only inflow of water for this .36 acre pond is Only inflow of water for this .36 acre pond is storm water runoff storm water runoff •Restoration plan is in development by the Restoration plan is in development by the Botanical GardenBotanical Garden•GIS data shows an average of 53 inches of GIS data shows an average of 53 inches of precipitation per year and soil type is Cecil precipitation per year and soil type is Cecil Sandy Loam (ClC2) at a 6% to 10 % slope Sandy Loam (ClC2) at a 6% to 10 % slope

•Pond greatly impacted by inflow of sediment Pond greatly impacted by inflow of sediment from surrounding areas due to “soup bowl” like from surrounding areas due to “soup bowl” like conditioncondition•Planted trees not providing bank support or Planted trees not providing bank support or covercover•Minimal pond vegetationMinimal pond vegetation•Obvious sites of erosion from surrounding Obvious sites of erosion from surrounding banks, drainage pipe and “funnel” type areabanks, drainage pipe and “funnel” type area•Minimal pond vegetation (cat tails, rushes, Minimal pond vegetation (cat tails, rushes, water lilies) water lilies)

Problem StatementProblem Statement::

To reduce the sediment inflow rate into the To reduce the sediment inflow rate into the Meadow pond site and to establish a self-Meadow pond site and to establish a self-

sustaining wetland ecosystemsustaining wetland ecosystem

• Site SurveySite Survey• Soil type and conditionSoil type and condition• Existing seed bankExisting seed bank• Placement of wireless monitorsPlacement of wireless monitors

• Current water conditionsCurrent water conditions• Changes in water chemistry and levelsChanges in water chemistry and levels• Flow characteristicsFlow characteristics

• GIS dataGIS data• Hydrologic studiesHydrologic studies• Soil and slope analysisSoil and slope analysis

•Professional ConsultationsProfessional Consultations• Landscape ArchitectLandscape Architect• HorticulturistHorticulturist• HydrologistHydrologist• Grading ContractorGrading Contractor• Environmental EngineerEnvironmental Engineer• Botanical Garden TrusteesBotanical Garden Trustees• Stake HoldersStake Holders

Identify Goals and establish sequence of Identify Goals and establish sequence of restoration stepsrestoration steps

Locate reference siteLocate reference site Appoint restoration team and leaderAppoint restoration team and leader Develop site specific goalsDevelop site specific goals

Reduce slope on surrounding banks to a Reduce slope on surrounding banks to a approximately 4:1 to control erosionapproximately 4:1 to control erosion

Create Bioswale or Rain garden in areas of higher Create Bioswale or Rain garden in areas of higher erosion potential (“funnel” area and drainage pipe erosion potential (“funnel” area and drainage pipe area) to control sediment and contaminant flow area) to control sediment and contaminant flow into the pondinto the pond

Replant slopes with native grass species (Panicum, Replant slopes with native grass species (Panicum, Andropogon and Sorghastrum) to control erosion Andropogon and Sorghastrum) to control erosion and sediment and contaminant flow into the pondand sediment and contaminant flow into the pond

Develop site specific goals (cont…)Develop site specific goals (cont…) Plant area directly surrounding pond site with Plant area directly surrounding pond site with

wetland plant and tree species (willows, sedges, wetland plant and tree species (willows, sedges, rushes, arrowheads, Juneberry, Sweetshrub) to rushes, arrowheads, Juneberry, Sweetshrub) to control sediment and contaminant flow into the pond control sediment and contaminant flow into the pond and create wetland ecosystemand create wetland ecosystem

Place bird and bat boxes in surrounding areas to help Place bird and bat boxes in surrounding areas to help minimize insect populationsminimize insect populations

Place path and benches surrounding pond site to Place path and benches surrounding pond site to encourage public interaction but limit access to less encourage public interaction but limit access to less sensitive areassensitive areas

Identify funding sources and determine labor Identify funding sources and determine labor sourcessources

Monitor restoration progress Monitor restoration progress

•Estimated at $25,000Estimated at $25,000• Cost can vary depending on results of site Cost can vary depending on results of site

surveysurvey• BreakdownBreakdown

• 50% - for professional services50% - for professional services• 30% - for planting30% - for planting• 10% - for grading10% - for grading• 10% - for monitoring10% - for monitoring

•PositivesPositives• Site survey data may already be availableSite survey data may already be available• Good supply of “cheap” labor available on Good supply of “cheap” labor available on

campuscampus• General public interacts with area dailyGeneral public interacts with area daily• Wireless cloud already presentWireless cloud already present• Restoration need already recognizedRestoration need already recognized

•NegativesNegatives• Limited water flow may not support planned Limited water flow may not support planned

ecosystemecosystem• Proposed restoration plan exceeds planned Proposed restoration plan exceeds planned

budgetbudget

Bodiford, John. Senior Horticulturist The South Carolina Botanical Garden. Bodiford, John. Senior Horticulturist The South Carolina Botanical Garden. "Meadow Pond "Meadow Pond Information." 29 Mar. 2011. E-mail. Information." 29 Mar. 2011. E-mail. Byrd, Deborah. Transportation Engineer USFS Transportation Engineer. "Pond Byrd, Deborah. Transportation Engineer USFS Transportation Engineer. "Pond Restoration Restoration Options." Personal interview. 22 Mar. 2011. Options." Personal interview. 22 Mar. 2011. "Connecticut: Center Springs Pond Restoration Project: Skaters and Fish Return to "Connecticut: Center Springs Pond Restoration Project: Skaters and Fish Return to Pond | Pond | Nonpoint Source Success Stories | US EPA." Nonpoint Source Success Stories | US EPA." Index | Water | US EPAIndex | Water | US EPA. 13 Oct. 2010. . 13 Oct. 2010. Web. 06 Apr. Web. 06 Apr. 2011. <http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/nps/success319/Section319III_CT.cfm>. 2011. <http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/nps/success319/Section319III_CT.cfm>. Flood, Margie. Professor Biological Sciences Gainesville State College. "Pond Flood, Margie. Professor Biological Sciences Gainesville State College. "Pond Restoration Options.“Restoration Options.“ Personal interview. 21 Mar. 2011. Personal interview. 21 Mar. 2011. "Official Series Description - CECIL Series." Ed. R. J. McCracken. Feb. 2007. Web. "Official Series Description - CECIL Series." Ed. R. J. McCracken. Feb. 2007. Web. 06 Apr. 2011. 06 Apr. 2011. <http://www2.ftw.nrcs.usda.gov/osd/dat/C/CECIL.html>. <http://www2.ftw.nrcs.usda.gov/osd/dat/C/CECIL.html>. Russ, Karen. "Plants for Damp or Wet Areas : Extension : Clemson University : Russ, Karen. "Plants for Damp or Wet Areas : Extension : Clemson University : South Carolina.“South Carolina.“ Clemson UniversityClemson University. Nov. 2004. Web. 06 Apr. 2011. . Nov. 2004. Web. 06 Apr. 2011. <http://www.clemson.edu/extension/hgic/plants/other/landscaping/hgic1718.html>. <http://www.clemson.edu/extension/hgic/plants/other/landscaping/hgic1718.html>. Whetstone, Jack, D. Robinette, and Bob Polomski. "HGIC 1709 Aquatic Plant Whetstone, Jack, D. Robinette, and Bob Polomski. "HGIC 1709 Aquatic Plant Selection : ExtensionSelection : Extension : Clemson University : South Carolina." : Clemson University : South Carolina." Clemson UniversityClemson University. Feb. 2000. Web. 06 . Feb. 2000. Web. 06 Apr. 2011. Apr. 2011. <http://www.clemson.edu/extension/hgic/plants/other/landscaping/hgic1709.html>.<http://www.clemson.edu/extension/hgic/plants/other/landscaping/hgic1709.html>. GIS Data Acquired from:GIS Data Acquired from:NRCS Web Soil SurveyNRCS Web Soil Surveyhttp://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/HomePage.htmhttp://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/HomePage.htmGeospatial Data GatewayGeospatial Data Gatewayhttp://datagateway.nrcs.usda.gov/GDGOrder.aspxhttp://datagateway.nrcs.usda.gov/GDGOrder.aspx