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KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Potential of improved infrastructure standards on cross-border rail
corridors
Prof. Bo-Lennart Nelldal, PhDRoyal Institute of Technology
Stockholm (KTH)2012-10-17
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
2
Content
• KTH Railway Group
• Methods
• Development of rail traffic in Sweden
• Analysing infrastructure performance
• Proposals
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Competition/cooperation
Profitability
KTH Railway Group– Systems Approach
Safety
Capacity
Revenues
Costs
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
KTH Railway Group Organisation
4
Rail VehiclesProf. Mats Berg
Traffic and LogisticsAdj. Prof. Bo-Lennart Nelldal
Lightweight StructuresTekn. Dr. Per Wennhage
Str. Engin.and BridgesProf. Raid Karoumi
BoardTRV, KTH, Bombardier, Vectura, SL, Interfleet
DirectorProf. Sebastian Stichel, Rail Veh.
Sound and VibrationsTekn. Dr. Ulf Carlsson
Electrical MachinesProf. Stefan Östlund
Vehicle DynamicsProf. Annika Stensson
Machine DesignProf. Ulf Olofsson
Railway EngineeringAss. Prof. Elias Kassa
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Optimizing wagons, trains and infrastructure
6 MW
Wagons
Trains
Network
Infrastructure
25
ton
Commodities
Paper
Coils
20
ft ct
Traile
rs
8.3
ton/m
1000 m
750 m
Length 880 m
3,6 x3,6 m
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Stockholm
S:t Petersburg
Köpen -hamn
Hamburg
Göteborg
Oslo
Malmö
Tammerfors
Århus
Uppsala
Åbo
Umeå
Uleåborg
Trondheim
Bergen
Stavanger
Västerås
Hallsberg
NorrköpingLinköping
Jönköping
Helsing -borg
Odense
Ålborg
Gävle
Sundsvall
Östersund
Borlänge
Örnsköldsvik
Skellefteå
Luleå
Trollhättan
Lund
Halmstad
Varberg
Tallinn
Riga
Helsingfors
Skövde
2 millions ton5 millions ton10 millions tonMain LineRail FerryContainer shipping
Karlstad
Moss
20102030
Rail Freight flows towards Gothenburg, Scania and Continent 2010-potential 2030
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
7
Freight trains 2010
Freight trains 2030 with increased rail market share
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway GroupInternational transports to/from Sweden 1970-
2006 forecast to 2020 with today´s trend
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Tra
nsp
ort
ed v
oly
me
mil
lio
ns
of
ton
exc
l io
re a
nd
oil
Truck
Railway
10 000 trucks/dayor 250 freight trains
3 000 trucks/dayor 75 freight trains
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
1 freight train every 40 minutes
1 truck every 15 seconds
International transports– between Sweden and the continent of western Europe
Both directions incuded1 EU-truck average load 15 tons
1 freight train avrege load 600 tons1 freight train = 40 trucks
Figures from 2006
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
10
What is important for efficiency?
• Infrastruture capacity
• Axle load
• Meter load
• Loading gauge
• Train length
• Train weight
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Alternative Use of P/C 450
Pocket wagonwith 4,5 m trailer
4830
48
30
48
30
830
4000
330
45004830
Low built wagonwith 4,0 m trailer”Trailer train”
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
FinlandKUP/C 497
NorwayM, UP/C 410
SwedenA, CP/C 450P/C 432P/C 422P/C 410
DenmarkGermanyG2P/C 410P/C 405P/C 400
ØresundUIC GCP/C 450
Loading gauges and intermodal gauges
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Loading gauges in Sweden and Russia
RU gauge
3400
4650
SE gauge A
3600
4830
SE gauge C
Swedish normal3,40x4,65 m
Swedish extended3,60x4,83 m
Russian normal?3,25x5,30 m
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Useful cross-section m2
Germ
any
- G2
Denm
ark
- G2
Øresu
nd -
GCSw
eden
- A
Swed
en -
C
Norway
- M
+U
Finl
and
- KU
P/C 4
00P/
C 450
(3.1
5 x
4.83
)
(3.4
0 x
4.83
)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14U
sefu
l cr
oss
sect
ion m
2
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Opportunities of a Large Gauge
5 seats across, X53 unit
Frederik Tellerup
158 m3 volume, SECU container
Kockums Industrier
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Transport Economy
Train length - inter modal
10091
85
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
630 m 750 m 835 m
Ind
ex
Train weight - unit train
10092
83
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1600 ton 1 oldloco
2600 ton 1 newloco
5200 ton 2 newlocos
Ind
ex
Axle load
10091
8377
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
22.5 tonnes 25.0 tonnes 27.5 tonnes 30.0 tonnes
Ind
ex
Loading gauge
100
72
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Loading gauge G1 Loading gauge C
Ind
ex
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Map: KTH
Investigate infrastructure performance standards
Source:
EU-projectScandria
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Map: KTH
Axle load
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Map: KTH
Meter Load
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Map: KTH
General loading gauge
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Map: KTH
Intermodal loading gauge
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
The Öresund bridgeNetwork statment from 2011-12-11
• Axle load 25 ton
• 8,3 ton/meter
• Intermodal gauge P/C 450 • Train length 1000 m
• Train mass 4000 ton
In the network statment it is also declared that the Swedish loading gauge C 3,604,83 will be implemented from 2020
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
4.65 m
4.2 m
4.0 m
>4.5 m
>4.95 m
>4.5 m
Vision: P/C 450 rail corridor
4.1 m
Fran-ScanHi-Cube Intermodal Corridor
(G2, P/C 450)
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Railway Loading Gauges
>G2G2
<G2
Vision: G2 rail corridor
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Rail FreightCorridors
Long freight trains835 m
Hamburg-Padborg-Kopenhagen
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Rail FreightCorridors
Long freight trains835 m
Hamburg-Padborg-Kopenhagen- Continue to Hallsberg?
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Conclusionsof investigations between Scandinavia and Europe
• Extended intermodal loading gauge
– In many cases possible by measuring actual obstacles and making minor adjustments
• Extended loading gauge for wagonload
– Especially valuable to make rectangular profile in upper part
• Operation of longer trains
– Can be possible on existing infrastructure but simulations and network analysis must be done to verify possible slots
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Inter Modal from
Scandinavia to Russia
Inter Modal via ferrys to Finland
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Wagon Load from Sweden to
Russia
Wagon load via Tornio by
changing axles or reloading
Remark: rail ferry line closed 2012
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Proposalsfor cooperation between Russia and Europe
• How to handle intermodal between Scandinavia and Russia
– Trailers can be handled on existing ferries on many destinations. What are the prerequisities for trailer transports on rail and road in Russia?
• How to handle wagonload between Sweden and Russia
– The train ferry line Sweden – Finland is closed, but the railway to Haparanda/Tornio is improved
• Comparsion of freight train operation in Russia and Scandinavia
– What is best practice in Russia and what can we learn in Europe?
• Reliable systems in cold weather operation
– Exchange of experiences
KTH Railway Group • Center for research and education in Railway technology
Railway Group
Thanks!
Home page:www.abe.kth.se/tol/jvg