THE FARM MONTH BY MONTH

VALUABLE NEW FEATURE

Nstive farmers and girdencrs tre always grateful for instrnction and advice, aod they will welcome our announcement that Mr. S. G. Butler, principal of the Tsolo School cf Agriculture, has couseuted to contribute seasonal notes on farm and garden pructice.

The articles on agriculture by Father Bernard Hass, which appeared Bome time ago in “ Umteteli ” and have since been published in book form are of the highest T*lue for purposes of reference, and Native husbandry owes a considerable debt of gratitude to Father Bernard for his disinterested and self sicrificing efforts to promote the interest of Native farmers and to show them the way to prosperity. Mr. Butler’s con- tributiocs will instruct these who are ignorant and teach others how best to apply their knowledge ; and each article will state the correct practice for the following month. The series will serve as a “ diary of duty,” and Mr. Butler's fitness to be the mentor of Native agriculturists aod stock- breeders needs no demonstration. Mr. Butler is a ehster of ftrm pructice, and in his “ month by month ” articles Native farmers will fce assured of reliable guidance, and will find in them just that information necessary for the adjust ment of current operations. Mr. Butler’s notes on December practice will be found on the next p*ge.

Mr. Butler has undertaken to reply to enquiries on farm matters by Native farmers and gardeners. Enquiries may be addressed to Mr. Butler direct or to the Editor o f this paper ; but all Mr. Butler’s replies will be published in “ Umteteli ” for the general benefit.

Bishop Walker’s Vision

Addressing the Johannesburg Theo- sophical Society last week, B ishop John Walker, of the Liberal Catholic Church, dealt with the relationship of the white and black peoples.

Bishop W alker protested against the black people being considered in the light of “ objects of exploitation.” The white people in South Africa ought to aim at that stage in the course of evolution where they would be able to look on the others as brothers and sisters. H e felt that unless men changed their manner of handling the other races a great human cataclysm was coming in South Africa. He had had a vision that this would happen unless there was change. A feeling of hatred was grow ing up in the souls of the Natives— a

get out of hand.The white races had a duty to per

form. In their hands lay the welfare of the Native races, and their relationship should be that of an elder brother towards a younger.

W ith regard to segregation, perhaps the white man’s ideal was that the N ative territories should be a kind of nursery in which the Natives could be helped to grow out of their childhood and to the state of civilisation which the white races had attained- But was there not perhaps the narrower outlook — that the Natives should be put on one side so that they might not be able to share in the benefits of the white man’s civilisation? W as there not the feeling that as the white man had had to struggle 2,000 years the black should be obliged to grow through the same long period of trial, and perhaps the problem by that time might solve itself ?

Bishop W alker said he felt that the white races should not restrict themselves to this narrow outlook, but should take on themselves the duty of helping the younger races, so that in time to come there would be one united family in South Africa.— “ Band Daily M ail.”

South African Native College.

At its meeting on November 3, the Council of the South African Native College, Fort Hare, appointed Mr. Otto C. Jensen, M.A., Lecturer in Mental Sciences.

Mr. Jensen is a graduate of Edinburgh University, with honours in Philosophy (1923). He w as medalist in both the Intermediate and Final H onours Classes, and also gained the Bruce of Grangehill and Falkland Prize. For the past tw o years Mr. Jensen has been part-time Lecturer in the Transvaal University College, Pretoria, and he has also lectured in the Witwatersrand University. Mr. Jensen served with the South African Forces in East Africa and also held a commission in the

Au>Moxeo during m e Gtre at War. H e enters upon his duties at the beginning of the session next year.

First Aid Examinations

Kwa Magwaza CollegeBoarding School For Boys and Girls

PRIMARY SCHOOL Standards I to IV for boys and girls : Fees £4 0 0 a year.

SECONDARY SCHOOL Standards V and VI for boys and girls: Fees £5. 0. 0, a year.

All boys are given good instruction in carpentry and agriculture.The Carpenters Shop is well equipped. There are two spans of oxen

in use for agriculture and all the necessary machinery is used.

Gfrls Industrial School.W e now offer a full Industrial Course to Native girls to assist them

in keeping their own homes in order. The following items are taught by a qualified Industrial Mistress —

(1) Needlework. (2) Housewifery. (3) Cooking. (4) Laundry.Special classes can be given for lace making and embroidery work

also Church needlework. Fees £5. 0. 0. a year.

Application should be made at once to the Printipal.

Next term starts February 1, 1927P rin c ipa l Rev. V.A. Hoddlnott.

Head Teacher in Secondary School: Miss H- Hoddinott, B.A Head Teacher in Primary School and Carpentry Instructor :

Mr. P. Ngcobo, Grade I.Warden of Girls Hostel: Miss M. Lewin.Industrial Mistresses: Miss Good and Miss E. Lewin.

Pathfinders Parade.

Inanda Seminary.

The following Inanda Seminary pupils have been snccessful in securing the First Aid Certificate o f the St. John Ambulence Association. The names are in order of merit.Miss C- N- Knmalo Mary Mate

The Ratshosas.

The appeal by Simon and Obeditse Eatshosa against their sentence of ten years' imprisonment with hard labour was heard by Colone Daniell, Acting Besident Commissioner, at Mafeking, and lasted nearly a fortnight. The appeal was dismissed, but it is now announced that the sentence has been reduced to four years’ im prisonment,

A white m otor cyclist collided the other day with a Native working at a mine on the East Band. The Native w as badly injured and was given im mediate medical aid- He was found to be wearing a m oney belt in which was £108 in sovereigns.

Driefontein Nkandhla Inanda Inanda Kroonstad Johannesburg Pietermaritz-

[burg Mfanefile

Memorial Inanda Impapala Entnmeni Pietermarltz-

[burg Inanda Newcastle Grontvllle Umtwalame H igh Flats Malvern Senekal Stacger.

secured the Junior

Edith Siiilo Victoria Mfeka ...Frances Bhengu ...E velyn Kaba Lydia Msimang •••

Buyisiwe Kuzwayo

Abbie Mdlma Cherriet N gcobo •••Aiberdne Luhlongwane Violet Luhlongwane

Ivy Nhlangoti Joliet Gumbi Dorothy Lutull ...Leah Ngobese Leah Yeni Ethel Mkwanazi ...E m ily Nthan Stobhi Mnsomi ...

T he following Certificate, for girls under sixteen : Clara Butelezi . . . Durban Elsie Cele . . . DurbanElsie Nyanda . . . Amanzimtotl

These girls are to be especially congratulated on their success, as the class was voluntary and the pupils spent their spare time learning the work. It is the first time that pnpils in this Institution have been given the opportunity of taking this course. Thanks are due to the instructor, Miss A. M. M . Campbell, for her cerefn* training of the class, and to D r. H . G . Hankins of Durban for conducting the examination.

On Thursday the Chief Scout of all the world, Sir Bobert Baden-Powell, founder and head of the B oy Scout and Girl Guide movements, inspected the Johannesburg “ Pathfinders ” and ' W ayfarers.” The boys and girls pre

sented a brave appearance and per- ioriuuu iiuoii. aevdiail aiaplaya smartly and earnestly. The Chief Scout was obviously pleased that the movement had found favour with the Native people, and expressed his gratification that a beginning had been made with the work of preparing Native boys and girls by Pathfinder and W ayfarer methods for the stern battle of life. The training of boys and girls in the Pathfinder way made the mself-relianfc, and instilled a desire to serve others. It was the best way of bringing up the children who, as the men and women of to-morrow, would be the better able to resist the impulse of self and fight for the national uplift.

Owing to the unfavourable weather conditions the Chief Scout met the Pathfinders in the large hall of the Bantu Men's Social Centre, and the W ayfarers in the W esleyan Institute.

Solom on ka Dinxtzulu, Paramount Chief of the Zulus, visited Johannesburg last week to undergo a course of massage at the Native Hospital.

SOUTH AFRICAN NATIVE COLLEGEFORT HARE, ALICE, C.P.

TH E 1927 SESSION OPENS ON

F r i d a y , 18th February.

APPLICATIONS for entrance ta the following courses are now being received;

C O U R S E S1. of the U niversity of

2.

W e have been informed that a meeting of Africans will be held in the Inchcape Hall, to-morrow, November 28 at 2.30 p.m. Mr. A. J. Thoka of London will speak on the “ Object of his visit to South Africa ” Mr- K. Greger will preside-

Allison Champion.— See our remark to Mr. Tyamzashe on page 2. Tour letter is also libellous, and we do not propose to risk an action at !aw in order to give publicity to your too personal remarks. W e would gladly print your strictures on " Umteteli ” if we could conveniently separate them from your dangerous statements concerning Messrs Nyom bolo and Ncwana.

W e regret to announce the death at East London on November 21 of Alfred Mngqikana, who was a member of the N .B.C touring team.

B A , COURSE South Africa.

F IR ST YEAR M EDICAL COURSE (Physic?, Chemistry, Botany andZoology for B.Sc, Degree of the University of South Africa.

3, EDUCATION DIPLOMA COURSE4, MATRICULATION COURSES.5, AGRICULTURE (three years).

BUSINESS (two or three years).

Entrance Q ualificationsFor Courses 1, 2 and 3 : MATRICULATION

Ce r t if ic a t e o r i t s e q u iv a l e n t For Course 4: Ju n io r Ce r t if ic a t e .For Courses 5 and 6 : JUNIOR CERTIFI

CATE o r Te a c h e r s ’ Ce r t if ic a t eThe College now farms 1,600 acres, and

agricultural students have adequate opportunities of practical work in all the main branches.Write for copy of Application Form

To theSouth African Native College,

FORT H A R E , Alice, C.P.

new Calendar and

Principal,

Zastron United School.

W anted for January 1927, viceprincipal Government allowance for salary £56 less 5%-

Apply before December 13th, to—:Rev. W. Illsley, Zastron.

The Kokstad Municipality has planned to establish a Native village at an estimated cost of £10,000.

Umii ngoknbanzi, ihakula amii otecga umhlsba kwele Dinga umenye* lwa kwenkulu intlanganlso nge Cawa ye 5 ka Desemha fcwa Mailik»ai enho. mpoci nkayeiivela inc^zelo ka Ndye- bo ngokwake malnnga nefama entaha. Abangeksgqibi bsncede bspats imali, owona mongo ay#ku gxameka inteto peza kwawo,

FARM AND GARDEN,DECEMBER- PRACTICE.

Specially -written for " Umteteli ” by S. Or. BUTLER, P r in c ip a l , TSOLO SCHOOL 0 5AG R ICU LTU R E.

A G R IC U LTU R E .

PI M ealies. In m ost parts of the j blotches and white threads adhering to country the main mealie crop has already f the grains. The growth from the seedbeen planted and the young mealies have made their appearance. W ith the germination of the mealie seed there has been also a generous germination of all classes of weed seeds. The time to destroy these soil robbers is as soon as possible after germination. W hen the young maize plants have become firmly established— that is to say when the plants are from five to six inches in height— run’the harrow across the land. This iwill destroy the young weeds and the number of mealie plants destroyed will be negligible. Rem em ber to harrow across the rows and not with them. W hen mealies are sown broad' cast they can be harrowed in both directions. The best time of the day to carry out these operations is when the heat of the sun has made the plants wilt to certain extent, because then the plants will not break off.

Towards the end of the month the earlier planted crops will be tall enough to allow the ordinary cultivator to be used between the rows, and cultivation should continue until the height of the plants stops all further cultivation-

Keep the lands absolutely clean. Weeds in the land rob the mealie crop of food and moisture and are one of the causes ef a poor yield.

M e a l i e St a l k B o r e r , In the earlier crops the mealie stalk borer will now make its appearance. The young plants should be examined daily, and as soon as the borer is seen the plants should be treated- The young borers will be noticed as small black worms congregating in the upper portion of the plant known as the cup. There may be from 50 to 60 borers on each plant

T r e a t m e n t . The successful treat- m erirsrth irties* fflpSlWf tflffgehr-on its discovery at the earliest m om ent and by treating it at once. Thera arc a large~num ber of ’ preparations on the market that can be used for this purpose such as Derrisol, Kerol, L ittle ’s Dip, Cooper's Fluid, Katakilla, etc. A very weak solu tion is made of the in secticide, and a small amount o f the fluid is poured into the cup of each plant. An old kettle is very useful for this purpose. It is filled with the preparation and the user walks down the rows of plants dropping a little of the preparation in each plant. Very successful results pan be achieved in this way, and at a slight cost from 80 to 90 per cent of the crop can be saved. Farmers w ho neglect this treatment are simply breeding the peat, and as the moths ca,n fly a considerable distance they destroy their neighbour’s crops more thoroughly than if sheep and oattla.were allowed to trample in their neighbour’s lands. If every farmer treated his crop for the mealie stalk borer there would be little damage from this peat which would eventually disappear. W here trap crops planted around the lands are infected with the borer they should at once be treated or pulled up and fed to the stock.

L a t e P l a n t in g o p M e a l i e s . Owing to the irregular rainfall, many farmers have been unable to plant as yet. In the “ short season '* areas only a quick maturing menKe of the flint type,--sttah as the Bangela. Bushm an or Gaago, should be planted. Whichever^variety is 'planted, - the seed must- be true to type ; that is to say, it should have all the characteristics of the variety, such as size of grain, shape, colour etc ; and care should be exercised to ascertain that it is healthy. Bright plump seeds show signs o f health, but all seeds should be tested before planting-

G e r m in a t io n T e s t . Take one hundred seeds and place them in a shallow dish in which there is enough sand to cover them lightly- Add only sufficient water to keep the seed moist, and put the dish in a warm place. In three or four days time at least 98 of the seeds should have germinated. Examine the germinated seed for signs of fungous disease which show in the form of white

should also be vigorous ; not pinched and thin-

P l a n t in g M e a l i e s - Plant in rows 3 feet apart with the seeds at least 12 inches apart in the rows- Have a fertiliser attachment to your planter and use from 100 to 200 lbs of Super phosphate to each acre (4,840 sq. yds.) o F ground. Superphosp ate is fairly cheap, costing approximately £4 per ton in Cape Town, or 8/• per 200 lb- bag. To this has to be added the cost of railage and transport.

Potatoes. The early crops of potatoes will now be ready for market. They should be carefully cleaned and sorted according to their size before being placed on the m arket: an attractive appearance secures better prices always, and is well worth the extra trouble.

Mid season potatoes, such as “ Up to Date,” can also be planted this month in well prepared and well manured soil. They should be planted in rows 2 to 3 feet apart

Pea Nuts or Monkey Nuts. The plants should now be ready for slightly ridging after cultivation This slight ridge increases the crop yie d.

The Vegetable Garden. If favourable rains have fallen this is one of the busiest months. Constant cultivation must take place to keep down the evergrowing weeds. Crops of onions, cabbages, lettuces, carrots, beetroot etc., should be harvested. The summer crops of marrows, melons, pumpkins, tom atoes, should ba carefully watched and the insect pests that attack them dealt with at once. The seed beds should ba manured and prepared fot the sowing of winter crops.

| m STOCK.Horses. During this month horses

that run on the veld oftan suffer from pain in the abdomen caused by indigestion owing to the changes of the veld. These pains are usually put down to the “ bot ” fly. Dose each affected animal with one ounce of turpentine in a bottle full of pure raw linseed oil- This is not a good month for castration owing to the intense heat that is experienced.

Cattle. W ith the summer rains and the m oist conditions prevailing in areas where Black Quarter is com m only experienced, all young stock should be inoculated. Ophthalmia or sore eyes, particularly in calves, is usually bad in this month. Preventive measures should be taken by dusting the eyes of all the calves in the kraal every second morning with red oxide of iron. This disease is much easier to prevent than cure, and red oxide is very cheap.

Sheep • All flock-owners should commence dosing their sheep against wire worm this month. Quite 60 per cent of the sheep that die during the year die from the results of this disease. Do not wait until the animals appear to be ill and thin, as it is generally too late then. Dose them at once. There are a number of remedies on the market, suoh as the Government Wira W orm Rem edy costing 9d. per 100 doses.'

All late lambs should be docked. This gives the animal a better appearance and it is less likely to suffer from the sheep maggot fly.

The Abantu-Batho MusicalAssociation of Kimberley

appear in the Inchcape Hall, Eloff Str. ExtensionJohannesburg.

on Friday, 17th December, 1926.M ixed-Voice Cho ir of 4 0 C horiste rs

Hon. Conductor : : Hamilton M. Jno. Masiza Prices: 4/6 and 3/0Excellent Variety Programme— Dancing after 11 p.m.

A.P. Lekoma, Hon. Secy.

African National Congress.

Western Dist. Branch of the Cape African Provincial Branch.

W hereas a split has occurred in the ranks of the W estern District branch of the Cape African Congress being Provincial branch of the African National Congress,

Whereas in pursuance of the decision of the African National Congress in annual convention assembled at Bloem fontein on the 30th June, 1926, the President-General called a general meeting of all the members of the Western District Branch at Ndabeni Location, Cape Town on the 14th November, 1926, for the purpose of affording them the opportunity of electing a Leader for the District,

And whereas the said General Meeting declined to avail itself of the opportunity thus afforded now, therefore, in my capacity as President- General of the organization in the four Provinces of the Union of South Africa.

N ow therefore I do by these presents appoint James M- Thaele, B.A- to beo n n 11 fc i i i i f r f t i a i v m o n o n r lam ae«ng unaum an whitsaid W estern District Branch of the Cape African Congress until the next assembling of the African National Congress, to be holden at Bloemfontein on or after the 1st day of January, 1927. I now call upon all members and adherents of the African National Congress in the District which extends from Simonstown to De Aar and em braces the Districts of Van Rhynsdorp, Vredenburg and other districts south thereof, to take notice thereof and render due loyalty accordingly. I respectfully request the administrative, municipal, industrial, and railway authorities in the said area to afford the said James M. Thaele and his colleagues, who must be in a position to produce written documents from him authorizing them to act under his direction, all necessary facilities in the discharge of their duties as officers or organizers of the said W estern District branch of the Cape African Congress, Cape Provincial Branch of the African National Congress.

Given under my hand at Ndabeni, Cape Town, this 15th day of November, 1926.

(Signed) Z R . M a h a b a n e , President-General,

African National Congress.(1002.)

Mine Accidents.

Jim, son o£ Tumedi, of Sekukuni, District Schoonoord, was killed' at the New Modder on November 10.

Kieinbooi, son of Dundo, of Chief Sobhuza, District" JUatikulu, was killed at the Van Ryn Estates on November 11.

David, son of Vellem, of Chief Valelo, District Queenstown, was killed at the Simmer & Jack on November 12,

Metsualle e mengata ea hae, le e bileng le eena mosebetsiog Faraele (V*n Ryn Deep) maane setrekeag sa Benonj e tla sa»b* ho utlua hore eena Mr. Mats’eba S. Mofephe o hlokthetse hae hthabo maans QoqoSosing hs Moreaa SaisDmi J. MoUpo, tea la 9 MphaUne komor’a h« kula khueii tse tharo ale bona Faraele. Liuba tsena re li utlua ka ogaana oabo mofu eleng W . S. Mafephe ea tsebiiosng ke ba bang&ta ale kuano Lejoelepuisua ’me a its’ebetsa.

a a • a

Mohtantana emong sa maane Bochabels bo Lesotho o re taba eo a e elelloaog ele eona e bakang tlala ke bopoli ea mabele boa banna le basali ba btngata ba Lesotho ba leng bona,

ba hore leha bane ba le ts’imong ba hlthola jualeka ba bo hUoloa hona juale, ere hang hang ba ba bona letBema thokosaa ebe ba lahla mehama ba kakela joala. Ha ho ea ka phehaDg tabeog ena.

Boba’e ba ’mane bo haketse kamona kanqa tsa Bophirlma ho Terane'fala ; maoba safefo Be itahletse setrekeng sa Wolmaransstad e» hotetsa hlaha naheng ka letolo, polasing enngue la kabeletaa heisi ea lekhooa la fnsa ’ooi eare fearali »a babeli la ba tsuatila katleleng la ba betsetsa fetse, kae hae la bolaea ess- te tse peli, Muhlakoreng amang che ea aba pula e lebohehang. Moo la esong ho amake ka litlnathoaretso ke mona Le-

joeleputsoa moo esa bileng pala tse po. tlelansng ha bonolo feela ; maoba ka bosiu ba ho qala ha bake ena e talane bosiu kaofela e taoloha feala a khitsi- tse,

• • • •

Mona Gaadeng khaeling tsena p«- lanyana eo re ntssng re e famana ha se hlile hi se pala tsa melabela tsa le. hlabnla lakuano tsa tloaelehileng. Ho bonahila salemo sena sa ena le mo.

hoo hang^pula ehane e ena ha.ha e esa hobo ho

tsoha pakapuku ea moea le marola le mohatsela o mobe 1 Haele letsatsi Iona ha le likele mara ese a matle motho a bile a bona le eena hore ho teag moo e nang mantle kaana. Che leha hole juslo rea a leboha mirotholinyana intseng a re oela hie,

• • a •

M»tsatsing ana lesaanyana la Mora* tile Jefron J. Jj oMhau ba Jeppestown le ntsa le hateletsoe ke mokhohlane ha bohlokoana ’me rantlaalanale batsnali iitlokotsing ts* lipelo tse lepeletsang clas’alarale lats’o leo bt oksmatsaeag ke Iona ’ma jaale ese ele mona ba he. ayakenyanale mokhohlane.

“ U atisa ho hula.”

’Me u tsuanetse hoba le sehlare se u qobs- letsang. Mohlomong ke nyooko, kapa ho hohlola kapa feberu kapa mali a mabe,

Ha ho khathalehe hore na keng ka na la moriana oo 1 okelang mafu ohle.

Bakeng sa nyooko, hona le Umgeqi Qgeqayo Pilisi tse tumileng bakeng sa ha hohlola. Umkwangu kapa Uxaposi le mali a mabe Umhlambululi we Gazi—kaofela ke meriana e lokileng. Ha ho khathalehe hore na bohloko ba hao ke bofe ’ ngolle u hlalose tsohle, ke tla u tsuakela moriana oo lokileng oo matla oo u tla bona ka mahlo a hao seo o tla se etsa. U emong oa batho ba ku- lang.—Romalla ho ’ na hona kajeno. Mahlo a hao a tla u pakela hore meriana oa ka e lokile, e matla, ea u thusa.

Kahoo he Iona bohle ba kulang ’ ngolleng hona juale.

C. M E L L O D Y , Inkosi Yemiti 133 Victoria St., DURBAN.

All ao nmantcalitjat to be addressed

Manages,P.O. Box 4525,

Johannesburg.

to : tragedy of the situation lies in the fact j the highest importance to the Euro

Published W eekly. S'’380RIlfDI0N KACIB — (BY POST!

On* Year — 15/-Six Months — — 7/6 Thrai Months « . 4 /-

Umteteli wa Bantu.

27th NOVEMBER, 1926.

G3 MORALITY.

£ body — itsell

J f t .The menace of the slums has now

been well advertised and the public is agreed on the desirability of their abolition. The “ Eand Daily Mail ” has ceased to cry out for more police to quell Native disorder, and the negro- phobes of Johannesburg have become conscious, though dimly, that police courts and prisons are not the most effective remedies for Native crime. The " Eand Daily Mail ” has realised the increasing intelligence cf its public, and we desire to add our meed of praise for its series of articles on “ The crying need for more playgrounds,” and "N a tiv e crim e: its cause and cure."Each has made its readers think, and each bears a closer relation to the other ing Fields Association

that no more open spaces within the city boundaries are available for purposes of public recreation. The Town Council of a few years ago declined to purchase a large area of wooded ground as a municipal playing field ; and the more intelligent city fathers of to-day find the area robbed of its trees and littered with houses. It would seem, therefore, that the physique of the people is A l or 03 according to the degree of ignorance or enlightenment of those who govern them, and that when the authorities are careless of the pub ic body it. is the duty of the pnblic to itself to make provision for its bodily

are-In England, the National Playing

Fields Association represents a strong movement for the provision of facilities for outdoor recreation for the general public, but more especially for the ohildren of the poorer classes. The King is deeply interested in the work o f this association, and the Duke of York is its president. The movement is organised on a county basis, and each Lord Lieutenant is the chairman of his county committee- The association, born only last year, has already established a number of playing fields where there was none before, and has equipped and quickened existing sports grounds and associations that were moribund because of the induration of local authorities. The National Play-

has found the®than is at once apparent. f country very responsive, and many g ifti

There have recently been revelations of land and money have been made! of a disfcnvt-ing cha*aeteB=-relwfcive to the Among the contributeaverage physique of the South African j ing and gratifying to find the name of people,— that is, South African white , Mr. S. B . Joel as the donor of twenty people. It is admitted that the Natives I acres of land and £10,000. It is m t

peans of South Africa that the degeneracy of the Native people should be checked. Any considerable spread of 03 morality among the millions of blacks would not be without its effect upon the whites ; and it is as vital to civilisation as it is to European preservation that the Native people should be civilised.

It follows that white interests will best be served fay encouraging the black men to cultivate temperate and cleanly habits and to order their lives in accordance with civilised tenets. This can best be done by providing counter attractions to wean demoralised Natives from the week-end orgy of squalor and vice. Those unfortunates who drink beoause they have no other relief from the m onotony of labour would gladly suffer themselves to be taught how to play ; and if each Sunday is transformed from a day of debauch into a day of happy recreation, the weekly Native court roll will soon become less formidable and white citizens will forget the Menace of Native Crime.

The Test of Bantu Leadership

(B y R . V . Se l o p e -T h e m a ).

The problems which confront Bantu leadership to-day are not only those of freeing the race from the tyranny of European exploitation and European oligarchy ; but ako those of saving the race from moral degradation and social ogejieroicy. These problems equally

of nnrleaders. The moral degeneration of the race is a serious problem. It is a problem which threatens the race with extinction. That this once noble and

have abundant vitality and stamina and j improbable that many public spirited virile race, a race which produced such that those of them critical period of infancy usually develop into lusty manhood. Physically there is little wrong with the average Native adu lt; but the European seems to be in a different condition. The need for more and better playgrounds is urgent in the case of white juveniles, atid a beginning with the schools is a good beginning. A weedy youth is not the best preliminary to sturdy maturity, and every movement for the physical stiffening .o f white boyhood is worthy of universal support- In this matter the “ Eand Daily Mail ” created the necessary atmosphere, and there have been immediate results. The Johannesburg Town Council is inclined to the_:specta- cular, and has not hitherto devoted much time to the little things that con tribute to the sum of comm unity comfort and betterm ent; but it has given ready proof of its sympathy with the demand for playgrounds and has instituted a search for unconsidered corners in which white ohildren can disport them selves healthily and safely.

If a people is given facilities for play and is encouraged to indulge in w holesome outdoor exercise it becomes physically A l. Reverse the conditions and a 03 people is produced. In South Africa, as everywhere else, fcho country- bred youth is not in special need of physical culture. It is in the towns that the bulk of the population has its being and grows weary and scraggy for lack of play. In Johannesburg there are playing fields to serve possibly one- tenth of the white population, and the

who survive the 1 citizens of Johannesburg would wholeheartedly support a similar movement^

I although the munificence of English enthusiasts could not be expected from local supporters ; nor would it be necessary. The chief difficulty in Johannesburg would be to obtain ground in con venient places, but with some money and an infinity of goodwill much may be done, W e commit the idea of a Johannesburg Playing Fields Association to the “ Rand Daily Mail ’ ’ for its greater publicity and possible development.

The provision of playing fields is the obvious remedy for Native crime, and we are glad to note thslifejhe writer in the -l Rand Daily Mail ” of the series of articles we have referred to emphasised the need to provide some distraction for the Native class that presently takes its pleasure in dirt and drunkenness. The National Playing Fields Association aims chiefly at the physical betterment of the people, but it does not overlook the moral effect of outdoor recreation ; and its activities are mainly designed to give the young of the poorer classes some relief from a mean environment for their physical, mental and moral benefit- The condition of N ative slum dwellers in immeasurably worse than that of the English poor, and the call to their assistance is clearer and more insistent. The moral 03 demands the same grave consideration as the physical 03 . The two conditions have a distinct interrelation, each exerting a definite influence on the production of the other. Moreover, it is of

nation-builders as Tabaka, Mzilikazi, Sandile, Moshoeshoe, Kgama and Sibi- tuane, is rapidly losing its moral strength, no sensible man can deny. But the irony of the situation is that there seems to be no leader who is concerned with this phase of our problems. M ost of the leaders, if not all, seem to be of opinion that the mere emancipation of the race from European thraldom would automatically make us a great and powerful people. For this reason every energy is being concentrated upon the destruction of oppressive laws. In our conferences one hears nothing said about the problems of our social life. No mention is made of the evils that are threatening the very existence of the race. Even our newspapers, with one exception, are silent about these evils. The use of the knife, even by women, which has resulted in the loss of precious lives, does not seem to have pricked the conscience of our leaders so as to rouse them to action. There seem3 to be a silent conspiracy on their part against the forces of goodness.

True, oppressive laws must be opposed tooth aad n a il; but our leaders stujuld not be blind to the fact that the motal strength of the race is necessary if -#e must win our place in the national lifjt of South Africa. No oppressive laws can destroy a race of men and women of good character, who are determined to live in spite of the difficulties that beset them- But moral degradation can bring about a w holesaler extermination o f a people. It is thei duty of every leader of the race therefore to see to it that while he is fighting for politioal and eoonomic emancipation, he should not neglect to tackjp the social problems with which the race is confronted.

Now, what are the causes of this conspiracy, o f this apathy, on the part of our leaders ? The answer to this question is simple. In the first place, it oannot be disputed that the evil con ditions under which the Bantu people

are living are due (a) to the treatment which they receive at the hands of the ruling race ; (b) to eoonomic pressure which has been brought to bear upon the life of the people as the result of the operation of land laws and colour bars in industry ; and (c) to the disorganisation of Bantu social systems as the result of the impact of European civilisation upon Bantu life. Rightly or wrongly, the majority of Bantu leaders blame the white man for this ; and because they think he is the cause they refuse to face the hard facts of the situation. They refuse to think that for good or for evil the white man has come to South Africa to s ta y ; that whether we like it or not, the life of our race is undergoing a tremendous change under the influence o f Western civilisation, and that any antagonism against these changes cannot right matters.

The new life has come, and with it we have to swim or sink in its sea of problems. W e cannot survive the disintegrating and demoralising forces of this new life unless we adapt ourselves to its conditions. And if we must Survive, we shall have to do .what the American Negroes have done— adapt Ourselves to our new environment. That is to say, we should assimilate as far as possible the good things of W estern civilisation and discard those that are bad. W e should not, like the Bushmen of South Africa and Australia, or

•'‘the Red Indians o f America, refuse to come within the ambit of Christian civilisation. Like the Negroes we should have faith in the Power of God— a Power which delivered the Israelites from the House of Bondage, and led them through the wilderness across the Red sea into the land of freedom. Let us, in the darkness of oppression, remember that there is a mightier power than the mightiest power in this world. Cbnsequently we should place God before everything. Our leadership must be one that fears God, walking in the path of righteousness. Like Jeremiah and Isaiah, let our leadea$«Kebuke the people for their* lawlessness ana crime while” fighting for their emancipation. The acid test of leadership i3 not the ability, to talk about grievances, but the ability to point the way of salvation. It is not the ability to curse the persecutors and oppressors, but the ability to save the people from moral degradation.

Pains of Office

The president of the African National Oongress has temporarily appointed “ Professor " Tbaele to be the leader of the Western Province Branch, but the appointment is not approved by a considerable section of the Gape Natives who refused to allow the “ Professor ” to address a meeting at NdabenI last week. There developed a fight in which a large number of Natives participated, the “ Professor ” meanwhile taking refuge in the police station- The police later came on the scene and stopped the fight. There were no serious casualties.

H . D. Tyamzashe :— Your letter is libellous.

The Tiansvaal Native Ministers Association last week considered the four Native Bills as well as the Liquor Bill, and unanimously rejected them all.

It is reported that, following its victory at Durban in the Kadalie case, the I.C.U. is contemplating a levy on members to provide a fund to contest the Transvaal pass laws.

Dr. M. S- Fick stated in a recent lecture that Natives were the mental inferiors of Europeans. Professor Brookes has denied the statement, and in a letter to the “ R in d Daily Mail ” calls Dr. Fick to account for daring to dogmatise with regard to Bantu mental capacity, and maintains that his statements are wholly unreliable.

guardians of law and order bat as persecutors ; nob as friends and protectors but as enemies and disturbers. And they look upon the courts not as instruments of justice, but as instruments of injustice and oppression ; and npon those convioted in them as martyrs and victims of European cruelty. So the employm ent of more police and the enforcement of drastic measures will only aggravate the situation-

There is only one way by which the problem of Native crime could be tackled. There is a saying that prevention is better than cure. I think this dictum should be applied in the case of N ative crime. This country surely should do what other civilised countries are doing in connection with the pro blem of crime. Hooliganism and lawlessness are not a peculiarity of the Bantu race. Even among European races we find records of hooliganism and lawlessness which at one time or other have prevailed among the lower and ignorant classes of the nations of Europe and America. But Native hooliganism and lawlessness are attributable to many causes both economical and social. In the first place thousands of Natives, since the enactment of the Natives Land Act, have flocked to urban areas because the cruel operation of this Act rendered hundreds of Native families homeless and land less. In the towns they found no accommodation for them and as the re suit they found accommodation among the low type of Europeans- Then again they found that as a people they were not allowed to drink any kind of liquor whether European or African. I am one of those who are entirely opposed to indulgence in drink, but I am not blind to the fact that a one sided prohibition can never convince the Bantu people that prohibition is in their in terests ; nor can it prevent them from drinking whatever liquor they require- That the present system of prohibition is responsible for much of the drunkenness which prevails among Native people on the Band and Pretoria is a fact which cannot be disputed. The prohibition law says Natives shall not be allowed to drink intoxicating Tirpior

---------and: ttraCTnryon6~BUfT;^iĤ tin61g~vgTTlTt*any kind of intoxicant shall be prose- cuted by law. This at once brings in the police, detectives and trap-boys. Now, the Natives, being human, find that they cannot live without some kind of drink and they naturally solicit the assistance of those white men who are in poor circumstances, and through them obtain the white man’s drink. They learn to take this drink by getting drunk because, on account of the police, detectives and trap-boys, there is no chance to drink moderately. “ The safest place to keep liquor,” some one told me, “ is in the stom ach."

Another cause of Native lawlessness is the acute unemployment which has become prevalent since the adoption cf the polioy of '' civilised labour.” H undreds of Natives have been thrown out of employm ent to make room for white men, and these have found the selling of liquor a profitable trade.

The last cause of hooliganism is barbarism which is allowed to flourish in the midst of a highly civilised society.

Now these causes cannot be eradicated by the employment of more police. They can be removed only by the adjustment of our land, economic and social problems. It is therefore the duty of the State to remove these causes, to see to it that Natives in towns are properly housed ; that those on the land are adequately provided with land ; that facilities for education are provided and that the anomalies of the Liquor Law are removed. W hile the policy of replacing Natives by white and coloured men should be abandoned.

“ Teach Them to Think.”

Speaking at the Natal Provincial Congress of the South African Party Mr. L . Benaud said that if the Natives wei'e taught to think the black races would go forward towards civilisation and prosperity. I f the white man stood in the way of the advancement of the Native people they would advance in any case and would in time swamp the Europeans.

A.N.C.

Select Committee on Native Bills.

The Cabinet of the African National Congress met in Johannestarg this week its chief business being to consider the four Bills to be introduced by the Prime Minister. It is noteworthy that the Cape Province and Orange Free State representatives did not attend ; nor was any exouse tendered for their absence.

The ohair was occupied by Mr, J T. Gumede, the acting president, who impeached th* intentions of the Government and declared that the Bills would have the effect of oreating a large land less and impoverished Native com munity. " One o f our Most serious grievances,” he said, “ is in regard to landless chiefs, who before the white man came into this country had property of their own. These areas have since been cut up into farms, and no provision has been made for the chiefs who suffered. The result is that many of these chiefs, with their followers, live on Europeans’ lands, and in some cases they were not treated sympathetically. The attitude o f the Government in taking it on themselves to appoint chiefs for tribes is strongly resented.’ Mr. Gumede added that the Natives could not recognise any good points i> any of the Bills.

Members regarded the Representation of Natives in Parliament Bill as “ a highly political, controversial and un- Godly measure, and in direct violation of the British tradition of freedom irrespective of oolour or creed ; as an insult to the African race, a stigma on civilisation, a crime against humanity and an attempt to evade the moral obligation to up ift the aboriginals ”

The Land Act Amendment Bill was exhaustively disoussed and it was agreed that the principal Land Act of 1913 should be repealed and that the amending Bill should be abandoned together with all subsidiary measures based on the principles embodied u the original Act.

The Union Native Council Bill was-.11,.;,I „ | * * w w a p « « e

The proposals for the ‘ election of delegates were condemned, and it was contended that the powers of a Council established in terms of the Bill would be nugatory as it was impossible to legislate on matters affeoting Native interests without impinging upoa Buro pean interests. “ There are ” it was said, “ no matters in South Africa which can affect only one section of the population.” The Bill, it was pointed out, does not provide for consideration by the Couneil o f such important matters as education, taxation, agricul ture, succession of chiefs or marriage by Native law,

South Africa’s Danger.

Degradation of the White.

Sir Sharles Crewe is a South African who understands his country— its people and its needs, and at the Annual Con ferenee of the 1820 Memorial Settlers’ Association held at Durban this week he deprecated the tendency to talk wildly of a white South Africa. Europeans, he said, were all anxious to find employment for their sons, but it was only at public meetings when votes were sought that people who knew better were led to talk rubbish about the black menace and white preservation.

“ This is a black continent, and so it will remain,” continued Sir Charles. " W e Europeans have our place in it, and for many years to come the burden of government must be borne by us. The only way we can keep our place is by keeping the leadership, and every European of that high standard of education and character which we demand is a recruit, when he arrives in South Africa, for our all-too-sma 1 European garrison.

“ There is no danger from the education, civilisatiion and enlightenment of the native African. The only danger, and it, has been an increasing peril, is the degradation of the white. E verything should be done to keep the European leadership in Africa.

Ten Good ReasonsWhy Sirls should Study at

fnanda Seminary.INANDA SEMINARY has a large well-trained staff, manytm awnA c c l m i A n f ’ b lg ,grounds and g °od equipment- INANDA SEMINARY emptoys a trained Native Nurse, has a

gives medicines to pupils free- INANDA SEMINARY supplies comfortable beds, sheets, pillow

cases and one blanket to every pupil.INANDA SEMINARY f jrnishes each pupil with a plate, cup and t m a d \ ^ S are used in the pupils’ dining room.INANDA SEMINARY provides good, clean, fresh cooked and

well cooked food.INANDA SEMINARY is in a healthy locality.INANDA SEMINARY promotes pleasures. The pupils enjoy

sports, debates, gramaphone and other concerts and lantern pictures

INANDA SEMINARY offers industrial work to all classes Cooking aprons are provided by the school. The pupils are permitted to eat what they make in the cooking classes uood materials at the lowest possible cost are used in thp sewing classes.

INANDA SEMINARY gives many opportunities for developing Christian character. . The Purity League holds weekly meetings. Suitable girls are permitted to teach in the Sunday Schools and help members of the staff with evangelisticcpi*Vjppc in fn p Irrjicilc

INANDA SEMINARY is the oldest school for Native girls in Natal the school that has successfully educated Native girls for 58 years. It stands for the best and the highest and m all ways encourages the advancement of the Native people

O „ ' , „ COURSES FOR 1927Standard V Standard VI Standard VIIJunior Certificate Course, University of South Africa First Year Industrial Course.Second Year Industrial Course.

Prospectus sent fr e e to all interested- Apply t o T h e Principal, Inanda Seminary, Phoenix, Natal.

{Concluded at foot of next column)

Nuttall Training

Edendale, NatalStudents, both bays and girls, are prepared for the Second and

Third brades Teachers’ Certificates.

The Cours* of Study follows the syllabus arranged by the Natal Education Deoartment and le both

Academic and Industrial.

A limited number of Pupils for Standards V I and V l i will bereceived as Boarders in the Hostel.

Feee Teacher Gradee £5 per Session. Standards £4 per Session. Books extra.

Applications for admission to, The Principal, P.O. Edendale, Natal

Nuttall Training Institution for Teachers

Edendale, Natal.Abafundi, abangaba fana, nsmantombazana, bafundiselwa izi

Qiniso ( Certificates J z jbu Tishera.

Ku landelwa izifundo eza miswa yi Natal Education,Department, zi ezobucopo (Acad-

emicy neza ye Z in d h la (Industrial).

Inhlaulo :— Kive yobu Tishera (Trades, £5. nge Sikolo.Kive yezi Gaba (Standards) £ 4 nge Sikjlo.

Tumela isicelo ka nje : The Principal, P.O. Edendale, Natal

“ The danger lof the next 50 years is the clash of colour. If we can, by our moral and intellectual superiority, maintain that leadership, there is no cause for anxiety ; but if we lose it through incompetence or for any other cause, it will be equally as bad for the Natives as for ourselves.’

The Pretoria Town Council proposes to spend £13,000 on a hostel for Native men.

Education in Basutoland.

It is understood that intermediate education will be provided in about 30 schools in Basutoland to be taken over by the Government rom the m issionaries. It is proposed to earmark one-quarter of the education tax for this purpose and to augment the amount so provided by a special levy of 3 /- per taxpayer estimated to produce £15,000. The total amount required for the scheme is approximately £46,000.

Native Hooligans Must Go.

(B y H . Se l b y -M s im a n g .)

Commenting on the necessity for drastic measures to deal with Johannesburg's black criminals, the “ Rand Daily Mail ” says “ Native Hooligans Must Go.” So we all say and no levelheaded and law-abiding Native will hesitate to give his unstinted support to any movement launched with a view to rid the town of this dangerous element. That tha growing menace of this element is causing untold anxiety among both Europeans and Natives goes without saying, and perhaps the Natives know mow of its seriousness than the average European who comes to realise it only when outbreaks suoh as those enacted in Ferreirastown last week take place. It is common knowledge that in the slum world of Johannesburg Native boys and girls go armed with knives and other dangerous weapons. Their free use has certainly alarmed peaceful Natives. One becomes very much concerned when he finds these youths the worse for drink while armed with these weapons. Surely there must be something wrong, not so much with themselves as with tbeir homes. Home life among our people must be at fault sume where.

It is urged in some quarters that there are not enough police in the town. My lopinion is that you can have a policeman posted in every corner of the streets of Johannesburg and yet you cannot root out the hooligan element nor the illicit liquor dealer who is naturally blamed for all this. The liquor seller knows from his own experience that where the police are more vigilant the traffic is good, and large quantities can be disposed of. So that to requisition for more police will not end the traffic, but may, if we know anything at all, aggravate the situation and make for more drunkenness resulting in the increased use of knives. Admittedly the police may to some extent check rowdyism in the streets, but for

takes hold one need oaly expect the kind of upheavals we have had the misfortune to witness in Ferreirastown.

Since 1923 we have seen the G overn ment and local authorities taking an unusual interest in providing housing accommodation for Natives- It was hoped then that Native life would be improved thereby. Bat the line taken to pursue this laudable course towards social regeneration has been countered by whst threatens to be a social degeneration In some locations there bus been indiscriminate crowding to gether of ail sorts of characters ; and with poverty ou all sides there is danger o f contamination. Advisory boards have in some cases been seized upon by men o f doubtful character, protagonists o f the illicit liqnor traffic, whole com munities seem to have been conspired against and deliberately dragged down by sheer econom ic force to the lowest level. T o house people thns circum stanced in palatial houses without assisting them to live np to the standard o f the houses they have to occupy is like thowing a pearl in a pig sty. Un fortunately “ the European has seen in the black man either a slave given into his hands by that providence which Isi in his view, the peculiar possession of the white skinned man, one privileged to labour in order to uphold the dignity o f the European, but with no rights of his own outside of those common to all humanity, namely, the right to eat, sleep f-nd draw breath. H e has seen him either as this or as a barbarian who hinders the development of Euro pean culture in the land " — says A rchdeacon L ee. As long as this m isconception o f Bantu aspirations remains the Earopean opinion what hope is there to end hooliganism ? The Bantu do not admit that they are “ the peculiar possession of the white skinned man.” Instead, their national con E c io n s n e s s has been awakened, and, according to Archdeacon L ee , “ has had the effect o f throwing their natural antagonism to the white power into high relief because o f the inhuman and un-Christian treatment they receive

o f those-so long as the illicit liquor traffic goes I ,

on we shall have skirmishes, knifing ( e aD s o those who should helpand rowdyism which wiU daily ^ ^ ^ “the number of prisoners and to the f .the number of prisoners burden of the taxpayer. In South Africa, prisons have not proved to be “ reform institutions " especially where the Natives are concerned.

Knowing this, it seems to me that the way to end hooliganism and the illicit liquor traffic lies in quite a d ifferent direction from that of the police, for the system of raids indulged in so frequently to unearth liquor and liquor sellers tends to intensify the craving aDd demand for liquor and to open bet ter avenues for its sale, in that after the raids there always remains a large quantity undiscovered which sells readily. If it were possible to leave a detachment of police on guard after the raid both by day and by night at almost every liquor den from Saturday afternoon to Monday morning each week, there would be fewer week-end disturbances. As it is, the raids take place in the morning, and after the search is over the looality becomes clear of the police,— and the mice play when the cat is away.

It seems to me that suoh methods trifle with the whole problem and do not reach the cause. I f Native hooligans must go, enquiries should be made into the causes and means found for their permanent removal. Police vigilance may to some extent check the effects of the evil but not its causes. As I have already said, we all desire to see this unruly element wiped out. But is it possible for people leading a squalid life, paying exorbitant rents, taxes, having families to keep, while on the other hand they have to meet demands of a civilised life, to sail sm oothly along as if they had all the amenities of life, yet receiving insufficient wages to provide the ordinary necessaries of life ? Is it possible or even probable that with this low standard of wages a community of persons could develop fam ily pride and pay more attention to the welfare of the children? Once poverty sets in it has the remarkable knack of destroying the best that is in man, and engenders desperation and vice. Once desperation

feel the clash of colour. Far from mittiog that we are possessed by Eur peans, we Insist that we h*ve every right to earn wages commensurate with our standard of living. The conse quences of poverty are only too obvious It is the nest in which hooligans and cr minais breed and thrive. It is there f re f ir th*t employers should adopt a hum°ne attitude and readjust the rela tionships of capital and labour so that Natives may be allowed a margin that would place them in a position to resist the temptations and the demoralising consequences of a life they justly feel h?s been thrust upon them-

There are four important agencies which should be employed to end hooliganism and the illicit liquor traffic, namely:—

1 the adjustment of the wages question

2 proper and adequate housing ac commodation with the right of owner ship of freehold property

3. An adequate police force 4- Plenty of recreation in its varied

forms-

Native Farm Service.

M t gSurW

a special plea that the dam agescliim 8d were not recoverable as judgment for same won d be void as g lv lcg him the right to occupation of land in consideration of a payment o f money, in coo4ict with the provisions of the Native Lands Act. The magistrate upheld the con tention and dismissed the summons

H is lordship said if it coaid be proved that the undertaking to render services was a mere blind to conceal an agreement by the Nat*ve to pay rent in money the agreement wou'd be invalid, but the consideration was the rendering of ser vice and the money was claimed as damages far the failure to give tint consideration. W hat was aimed at in the definition o f “ hiring " was a pay* ment or promise to pay " in consideration of being permitted to occupy.” That did not include a payment in discharge of a liability arising oat o f breach of the agreement. The payment which was prohibited was one the liability for which accrued directly by the owner's permission tooccupy tbe land. The payment of damages in that c*se w »s not of that charac'er. The object o f the aw rd o f damages was to ensure that the de fendaot’s failure to render the service stipulated for should not resalt in loss to the plaintiff. The dim ages were not the equivalent of rent) they were not assessed b s payment for the occupation but b s compensation for ihe loss, if any, sustained by the phntiffs, now appel lants. owing to their not having had the labour in question. The special plea conld not be sustained, the appeal should bê allowed with costs, the magistrate’ s judgment set aside and the case remitted to the magistrate for further hearing. The respondent mast pay the wasted costs in the Coart below on tbe h ’gher scale, including travelling fee o f three guineas to counsel

Mr. Justice G ey van Plttias con carred.— " Star.”

He considered that Chapter 2 of the Land Amendment Bill imposed conditions of a servile character, and that the only way oat of a great difficulty was a more liberal provision of land. The Bishop pleaded for the saorifice of land so that the clear needs of the Native people might be met.

A resolution was carried to the effect that Bishop Talbot should furnish some constructive criticism on the Native Bills in accordance with General Hertzog’s wish.

Mr. O, G. Letsekha writes:— The many friends of William Makwelo will learn with sorrow of his death on October 19 at Lewisham Location. The deceased was a native of Baagindhlala. Lady Frere, who by his constant kindliness had endeared himself to many hat knew him in Krugersdorp district, at

Roodepoort and at Klipspruit Location. He leaves a widow and several children to whom we tend r our greatest sympathy.

Mine Accidents.

Iiinton, son of Magugu, of Chief Bongco, District King WilliamBtown, waa killed at the Consolidated Main Beef on October 20.

> iahwana, son of Maramnoo, of Chief Falo District Engoobo, was killed at the City Deet) on Ootober 21.

Lebelo Johannes, son of Masupha, of Chief Sekoati, District Maseni, was killed at the Van Ryn Deep on October 25

Mtengwana, son of Hlawula, of Chief Mtyolwa, District Kokstad, was killed at the West Rand Consolidated Mines on October 25.

In the Supreme Court, Pretoria on October 21, in a considered judgment in the appeal of Rosenthal snd Lazarus v. Native M iviman, Mr. Justice Tindall p.id the appellants sued the respondent

at Pretoria for £ 1 5 damages for breach of contract, in terms of which they allowed him and his family to reside on their farm in return for his undertaking that three members of his family wou'd render service to them under the Squatters’ Law for three months in the year, appellants providing houses in which to live and larids to work. The houses acd hnds were occupied by the respondent and his family. It was al eged that no service had been rendered so that the appellants obtained the services of three other Natives and paid them £ 1 5 in ell for the period. Respondent. defendant in the lower coart, filed

Synod Vfews.

At the Pretoria Diocesan Synod a member said that he eonld not see where the Native yeoptes were oppress-

• f f l w S s r ' W T r> !(.tt-oriiiiiffliUN the remark nud contended that the member responsible fer it should not have said “ I cannot see ” b»t “ I am blind ” '

General H e r t s 's Bills were discussed. It was urged that the Bills would make the Natives conscious of a loss o f status and would have a serious moral effect on them. The Rev S- N- Bishop said that “ the heart of the Native question lay in the matter of land, and if the ultimate objeot of an enlightened and cultured Native pea santry were to be obtained the ques tion w o»ld have to be faced squarely and the requisite land set aside. The Bill dealing with land had failed to grasp the essential principles."

The Rev- W . Phaleng said the whites did not really want segregation because that would involve an equitable land distribution. H e could not understand the obvious intention of the Govern ment to push the Natives under the power of the chiefs and compel them to revert to tribal customs

The Bishop of Pretoria said that in the proposed legislation there was a modified tendency towards segregation, but the provision of land was utterly inadequate.

W A n T K D in December for the Mission Hospital at St. Mat- fhews (fen beds) Girl to train as Probafioner-Nurse. Must have passed S t d . V I and be over 18 years of age. Apply : The Revd. the Warden, P.O. S t . Matthews, G .P .

COLMAN BROS. & Co.1 W h o le s a l e M e r c h a n t s a n d D e a le r s in

Karosses, Horns, Beads, Horse Hair

AND VARIOUS KINDS OF TAILS

113, President Street and 58, Smal Street,

JOHANNESBURG.

A.H, TODD, LIMITED.

U B A T LA dORIANA?!Nfalla 6o «< feo qafa ftotiaakl

•a bauaiat «• atbai*

K N O H U O V I N l(fiatbo ba Phekoloa Mona]

ij tlo u uebe oo eleng moriaoa o aeptiang W o teha ele lefeng le a tsasny&ng

ENDHLOVINI hase DURBAN

S G O L L A H O i-Mr. a. H. TO D D , £ n d b lo v ln i.

Rod Hill, Natal.

The Abantu-Batho MusicalAssociation of Kimberley

appear in the Inohcape Hall, Eloff Str. ExtensionJohannesburg.

on Friday, 17th December, 1926.M ixed-Vo ice Cho ir of 4 0 C h o r iste rs

Hen. Conductor : : Hamilton M. Jno. Masiza Prices s 4/6 and 3/6B*oellenfc Tarietiy Programme— Dancing after 11 p.m.

L e k o m a , H o n . S e c y .

Collection Number: AD1715

SOUTH AFRICAN INSTITUTE OF RACE RELATIONS (SAIRR), 1892-1974

PUBLISHER: Collection Funder:- Atlantic Philanthropies Foundation

Publisher:- Historical Papers Research Archive

Location:- Johannesburg

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