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LOW ENERGY BUILDING DESIGNALEX NIX
HAZEL EASTON
EUAN ROBERTSON
ALASDAIR HOON
DAPHNE KOULITSA
DESIGN BRIEF• A low energy data centre for a
computer company housing large amounts of IT equipment
• Site Area is 200m x 300m with a maximum height of10m
• 50 employees, 40 in a open plan area and 10 in cellular offices. Facilities for staff included.
• Industrial site by the village of Allandale near Bonneybridge
• The design should maximise the quantity of energy supplied from local sources
GANTT CHARTGroup Allocation
Research exisiting Data Centers
Initial Design
Research material options
Research lighting options
Research ventilation options
Research Renewables options
First Presentation
Selection of materials
Selection of lighting
Selection of ventilation
Selection of Renewables
Update design
Second Presentation
Design calculations
Final design
Third Presentation
Web design
Forth Presentation
27-Jan-15 3-Feb-15 10-Feb-15 17-Feb-15 24-Feb-15 3-Mar-15 10-Mar-15 17-Mar-15 24-Mar-15 31-Mar-15 7-Apr-15 14-Apr-15
PROGRESS
• Ventilation/cooling calculations
• Renewable energy supply
• Design of the building
• Site plan
• Website
RENEWABLE ENERGY - WIND
• As determined in the first presentation, on site wind is not viable
• A new 25MW Wind Farm is being planned at Rullie, approximately 9km from the site
• It will have 10 126m turbines providing 2.5 MW each
• Propose installing 3 extra turbines to meet data centre’s needs
RENEWABLE ENERGY - SOLAR
• In Northern Europe, incoming energy from the Sun is about 110 W/m2
• With a fill factor of 0.8 and efficiency of 0.2 output energy is about 17.6 W/m2
• On site, there is about 62000m2 of space available for PV panels
• This translates to just over 1MW maximum solar power output if the land was 100% covered.
LIGHTING DESIGN
• Philips CoreView Panel
• 41W LED
LIGHTING DESIGN
• Corridor Lighting
LIGHTING DESIGN
• Office Lighting
CONSTRUCTION
• For security and durability reasons, the data centre will use a reinforced concrete block cavity wall.
• It has good fire resistance and is suited to high rainfall and insulates sound well.
• A Kevlar lining improves security further
• Externally, walls are finished with timber cladding or rendered
DATA CENTRE DESIGN
DATA CENTRE ELEVATIONS
SITE PLAN
SITE PLAN
SERVER ROOM COOLING
• Total Cooling Load – 4987.5kW
• Cooling per server rack – 8.47kW
• Q = mc∆T
• Each server rack requires 0.62m^3/s
of cooling.
SERVER ROOM COOLING
• 16 336kW coolers
• Configured to N+1 Standard
• Each provides air flow rate 23.3m^3/s
• Air-side free cooling can be used
91.1% of the time
• Adiabatic cooling used when the
temperature is higher
HEAT RECOVERY
• Mechanical heat recovery to extract heat from servers and transfer it to office space
• Output server heat is roughly 35 degrees celsius
• In Summer months, recovered heat can be extracted outside
COSTS
• Calculated how much energy was consumed in an hour and multiplied by 9pence energy cost
• Server and cooling energy costs = £4.09 million per year
• Lighting energy costs = £7671 per year
• Kitchen appliance energy costs = £630.72 per year
• Other costs = £671,323 per year
• Total energy costs = £4.77 million per year
• Average energy costs per rack = £6925.68 per year
DATA CENTER EFFICIENCY
• Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) measures the overall efficiency of the data center
• PUE = Total Facility Power/IT Equipment Power
= 6074.66kW/5000kW
= 1.2149
• Average PUE value in 2014 is 1.7
• Google’s data center has a PUE of 1.12