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An information system is a collection of people,

procedures, software, hardware and data which works

together to provide information essential to running anorganization.

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People are competent end users working to increase their

productivity.

End users use hardware and software to solve information-related or decision-making problems

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Procedures are manuals and guidelines that instruct end users

on how to use software and hardware.

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Software is another name for programs ² instructions that tell

the computer how to process data. There are basically two

kinds of software:

1. System Software ² is a background software that helps a

computer manage its internal resources. (Windows Xp, Vista, 7 and

Linux)

2. Application Software ² performs useful work general-purpose

problems.

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Browsers ² navigate, explore, findinformation on the internet.

Word Processor ² prepare written

documents. Spreadsheet ² analyze and summarize

numerical data.

Database management system - organizeand manage data and information.

Presentation graphics ² communicate amessage or persuade other people.

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Multimedia ² integrate video, music, voice, and graphics to create

interactive presentation.

Web publishers ² create interactive multi-media Web pages. Graphic programs ² create professional publications, draw, edit, and

modify images.

Virtual reality ² create realistic three-dimensional virtual or simulates

environment. Artificial intelligence ² simulated human thought processes and actions.

Project managers ² plan projects, schedule, people, and control resources.

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Hardware consists of input devices, the

system unit, secondary storage, outputdevices, and communication devices.

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Input devices translate data and programs that

humans can understand into a form thecomputer can process. The common are the

keyboard and the mouse.

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The system unit consists of electronic circuitry with

two parts:

1. Central Processing Unit (CPU) ² controls and

manipulates data to produce information.

2. Memory (primary Storage) ² temporarily holdsdata, program instructions, and processed data.

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Secondary storage stores data and programs.

Three most common storage media are:

1. Flash Drive2. Hard Disk ² non-removable; internal disk drive

3. Optic Disk ² removable; CD and DVD are

common.

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Output devices output processed information from

the CPU. Two important output devices are:

1. Monitor ² TV Screen-like device to displayresults.

2. Printer ² device that prints out images on

paper.

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These send and receive data and programs

from one computer to another. A devicethat connects a microcomputer to a

telephone is a MODEM

(MOdulator/DEModulator).

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