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Exam Prep

Activity 4.1: Tenses

The sentences below are incorrect. Look at the underlined verbs and then :a. correct the verbb. name the correct tense

c. give the meaning or use of the correct tense in this context.

0. I do the housework at the moment.a. Im doing the housework at the moment.b. present continuousc. describes an action happening now

1. The price of petrol has increased a great deal last year.a. increased__________________________________________________________b. past simple __________________________________________________________c. describes an action started and finished at a specific time in the past

2. When I was at school, I was studying a lot.a. studied _________________________________________________________b. past simple__________________________________________________________c. describes a habit which stopped in thepast__________________________________________________________

3. When the lightning struck the house, I ate my breakfast. a. I was eating__________________________________________________________b. past continuous__________________________________________________________c. describes actions happening at the same time in thepast_________________________________________________________

4. A type of bird flu is belieed to cause the !"!# outbreak of the deadly $panish %lu.

a. hae caused_________________________________________________________b. perfect infinitie_________________________________________________________c. the reported action happened earlier than the reportingitself__________________________________________________________

!. I wish &atie will arrie soon.a. arried_________________________________________________________b. wish clause "present orfuture#__________________________________________________________c. e$presses that we want a situation in the present or future to bedifferent_________________________________________________________

Activity 4.2: General Errors

Each sentence below contains one error in form, meaning or use.a. Rewrite the whole sentence offering ONEcorrect version.b. In note form, explain why the correction is needed.

0. I hae been working here since six years.a. I hae been working here for si$ %ears.b. &since is followed b% a specific moment in the past' whereas &for is used with a

period of time.

1. $he's ery interesting in basketball.a. (he is er% interested in

basketball__________________________________________________________b. )interesting* is used to describe the effect that something has on %our feelings' whereas)interested* is used to describe peoples feelings.

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2. The Mississippi and the Lake Michigan are in the United States. a. Mississippi and Lake Michigan are in the United

States.__________________________________________________________b. We do not use the before territories, names of towns, cities and lakes.

.You will help me with my homework, please?a. Will !ou help me with m! homework, please"

b. It is not an affirmatie form' but an interrogatie form.

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Activity 4.3: Language Functionsrite two example sentences for each of the following pairs of ! language functions. In each case,pay attention to the style and register.0.

a. #o decline an in$itation to a friends part! during a con$ersation.

Im really sorry, but Im afraid I cant come to your party.b. #o decline an in$itation to a conference in a letter.

Unfortunately, I will be unable to attend the conference in Munich this year.

%.a. #o e&press regret about forgetting a friends birthda! in a con$ersation. 'm reall! sorr! for forgetting !our

birthda!.b. #o e&press regret to an unsuccessful applicant for a (ob in a letter. 't is with regret to inform !ou that !ou do not meet the re)uired criteria for the (ob.

2.a. #o suggest a holida! destination in a letter to a friend.

+h% dont %ou isit ,ome-b. #o suggest hiring new sta* at a compan! meeting.

It would be an e$cellent idea to hire new staff..

a. #o warn a child about to cross the road that there is a car approaching.

ont cross the road/ here is a car approaching/b. #o warn an emplo!ee about the conse)uences of arri$ing at work late again.

It is e$pected that %ou adhere to the compan% time clock polic%'should %ou wish not to find %ourself in a difficult position.

Activity 4.4: Semantic i!!erences"escribe the difference in meaning between these pairs of sentences.+.

a. She likes pla!ing tennis. She enjoys doing this sport.b. Shed like to pla! tennis.

She wants to play this sport.%.

a. We regret to tell !ou that the ight has been cancelled. We are sorr! to tell !ou this.b. We regretted telling them that the ight had been cancelled.#elling them was a mistake.

2.a. #he ski instructor said that we should manage to ski down the mountain.

It is possible to manage that.b. #he ski instructor said we should ha$e managed to ski down the mountain.

-&pectations were not fullled..

a. When the snow melts, the $alle! will be ooded.'n case the snow melts the $alle! will be ooded.

b. When the snow melts, the $alle! is ooded.c. -$er! time the snow melts, the $alle! is ooded.

Activity 4.": Grammatical TerminologyRead the text below. #ind one example of each grammatical term. $ne has been done as anexample.

#he inspector opened the fridge, remo$ed the pre$ious da!s lefto$ers and ung theminto the microwa$e. /onning a gre! suit with a blue shirt and garish tie, he hoped he

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had succeeded in creating a cross between 0white collar and shad!. 1fterwards, he saton the $eranda and sipped a co*ee while skimming through the newspaper.

'nside, his mobile phone started to ring persistentl! it was Summers, who simpl!said, #he beach bar. Lets meet there.3 4efore lea$ing, he looked for a pair of glasseswith plain lenses that he thought might add something to his attempts at camouage.#he! were nowhere to be found. 5omplaining to himself about the general state of

disorder, he e$entuall! e&tracted them from a pair of socks.

(rammatical Terminology )*E example from the text

0. reposition at

1. hrasal erb look for

. Indefinite article a

!. ompound noun microwae

". derb eentuall%

#. ime e$pression afterwards

$. resent participle creating

%. b5ect pronoun them

&. Intransitie erb flung

'. ,elatie pronoun that

10. 6odal erb might