lab 3: fossil fuel formation key q: how do fossil fuels form?
TRANSCRIPT
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Lab 3: fossil fuel formation
Key Q: How do fossil
fuels form?
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Part A: Investigating Coal
A sample of peat (which represents the beginning stage of coal development) and 2 samples of coal have been provided for
you to examine.
Analyze the samples and answer Q 1A-C & 2A-E on pages 21-22 in your energy
resources book.
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Coal• Coal is a combustible
sedimentary rock that formed from the compaction of plant material that has not been completely decayed.
• The best environment for this process to begin in is a swamp.
• As plant matter becomes buried & compresses, heat gradually changes it into coal.
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Coal
Formation of Coal
Formation of Coal
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Rank of CoalVariety BTUs of heat per lb of dry coal
Peat Varies
Lignite 7,000 BTUs
Bituminous 12,000-15,000 BTUs
Anthracite 15, 000 BTUs
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Partially decomposed plant remains. Represents the initial stage of coal
development
Peat gets buried- compacts- water & gases are squeezed out-heat is added-coal is
formed
Peat
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Lowest rank of coal. It is a peat that has been transformed into
a rock that rock is a brown-black coal. It is low density &
crumbles easily. Lignite sometimes contains
recognizable plant structures.
Lignite
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Most abundant rank of coal. It accounts for
about 50% of the coal produced in the United States.
Bituminous coal is often referred to as
"soft coal"
Bituminous
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Highest rank of coal. Generally has the highest heating value per ton. It is difficult
to ignite but burns long and slow.
Anthracite
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Petroleum & Natural Gas
• Petroleum (oil): liquid fossil fuel made of hydrogen & carbon
• Natural gas: Gaseous fossil fuel made mainly of methane
Forms from marine plants & animals that die-sink-begin to decay-become buried. If temperature
conditions are right oil or natural gas will form, and can collect underground in areas called reservoirs.
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Formation of petroleum and natural gas