lab 5

Sheridan Institute of Technology and Advanced LearningSchool of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering & Technology

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ENGI16764 APPLIED MECHANICS 1

Lab #5: Kinetics of Linear Motion – Newton’s 2 nd Law

Lab Report Form

Student Name: Paritosh Chahal ID: 991345820; Class Number: 1141_15628; Date: 4th April 2014

This lab report form should be used in conjunction with the lab report handout/handbook to understand the background theory and experimental procedure. Submitted report should not exceed 2 pages.

The following sections of the report must be completed and submitted using SLATE Drop-box A. Data or Observations/participation – GROUP work (maximum of 4 members, raw data must be

presented) B. Sample Calculations – Individual work (Do not use the same sample calculations as your group members) C. Results - INDIVIDUAL work (Raw data must be submitted with the lab report) D. Discussion (be brief, approximately 150 words) - INDIVIDUAL work (own words) E. Conclusion (be brief approximately 150 words) - INDIVIDUAL work (own words)

Presentation: All information must be typed where applicable information is to be placed inside the boxes provided (6 marks are awarded for presentation)

Students are allowed 20 minutes to complete the experiment. The written report must be submitted 7 days after the end of the lab session.

Section A DATA: VARYING THE UNBALANCED FORCE (Total Mass Constant) (6 marks)

Table 1: Data for varying unbalanced force with constant total mass

Hanging Mass, m (g)Run # Travel Times (sec) m1 = 50 g m2 = 150 g m3 = 100g

t1 0.171 0.097 0.130

1 t2 0.236 0.136 0.177

t2-1 0.065 0.039 0.047

t1 0.170 0.099 0.128

2 t2 0.238 0.137 0.177

t2-1 0.068 0.038 0.049

Notes

Glider Mass (M) = 0.307g; Total Mass: M +m for Run #1 = 557g; Distance of travel (d) = 0.645 m.

M. Arthur Date released: winter, 2014

Length of glider = 7.5 cm = 0.075m

Velocity of Gilder at start point = 0 m/s

Time at start point = 0 seconds


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Section B: Sample calculations (10 marks)

1. Run #1:a. Acceleration According to Newton’s 2nd Law:

i. M (Mass of Glider) = 0.507 kgii. m (Mass of hanger) = 0.050 kg

iii. Acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s2

a= mgM +m

= 0.050 X 9.80.507+0.050

=0.88 m /s2

Acceleration of system according to Newton’s second Law = 0.88 m/s2

b. Acceleration by kinematics:i. Velocity at timer 1:

a) Velocity at origin = 0m/sb) Distance between origin and timer 1= 0.075 mc) Time taken to travel the distance = 0.171 seconds

Velocity at Timer1=Distancetime

=0.075 m0.171 s

=0.44 m /s

ii. Velocity at timer 2: a) Time taken to travel = 0.236 s b) Distance = 0.075 mc) Time at timer 1 = 0.171 seconds

Velocity at timer= DIstanceDifference of time

= 0.0750.236−0.171

=1.15 m /s

iii. Acceleration of the system:a) V1 = 0.44 m/sb) V2 = 1.15 m/sc) Distance travelled = 0.645 m

(V ¿¿22)−(V 12)

2 (d )=a=

(1.15¿¿❑2)−(0.442 )2 (0.645 )

=0.875 m /s2¿¿

c. Unbalanced force:i. Overall mass = M + m = 0.557 kg

ii. Acceleration of the system = 0.875 m/s2 iii. Unbalanced Force = Mass X acceleration = 0.557 kg X 0.875 m/s2 = 0.487 N

d. Percentage Error:i. Theroitcal value = 0.88 m/s2

ii. Experimental value = 0.875 m/s2

Difference (% )=0.88−0.8750.88

×100 % = 0.57 %



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Section C: RESULTS (10 marks)

Table 2: Derived Results for varying unbalanced force with constant total mass

Trial #Unbalanced Force

(N)

Acceleration (m/s2)% Difference

Experimental Theoretical

1 0.487 0.875 0.88 0.57

2 1.34 2.41 2.64 8.81

3 0.95 1.71 1.76 2.89

Glider Mass (M) = 307 g; Total Mass: M +m = 557 g; Distance of travel (d) = 0.645 m.

Table 2 shows the results of the remaining two runs assigned to the observers from the lab. The calculation of run 1 was fully shown in the sample calculation section.

Section D: Discussion (approximately 100 words) (10 marks)

Section E: Conclusion (approximately 100 words) (8 marks)


Sources of Errors: Firstly, air friction force for the experiment was not taken under account: The wind friction acts as opposing force acting on the glider; this will give less value for theoretical acceleration. Second, the inertia due to rope and pulley was also not taken under account; these two values would have also acted as an opposing force that would have affected the theoretical acceleration of the glider. Thirdly, the friction between rope and pulley was also not taken under account; this force will oppose the tension force on the glider (thus, affecting the overall acceleration of the body). Finally, there might have been error created while measuring the distance between the timers and length of glider. These incorrect measurements might have given us wrong velocity at the timers which also probably lead to giving us wrong acceleration by kinematics way.

The lab was performed to verify that Newton’s second law of motion can be used to find the acceleration of a moving object (which is equal to acceleration due to inertia). After following the producers of the lab, the above statement was proved to be true which could have been seen by the results of the percentage errors. The average of percentage error is 4.09 % which is way below the acceptance value. While doing the lab, the observers might have experience some sources of error that might have altered the actual values, these errors might have altered their results.In conclusion, the overall experiment might be considered successful due to the acceptance percentage error value; thus proving the main objective of the lab.


====================================================================Work Citited

Saleh, Safaa, Dr. "4.2: Experiment NO.2: Equilibrium." Applied Mechanics I Laboratory Handbook. N.p. 16-18. Print.



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lab 5

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