Lab EquipmentSubtitle

Beakers and Graduated Cylinders

Beakers hold solids or liquids Beakers hold solids or liquids that will not release gases that will not release gases when reacted or are unlikely when reacted or are unlikely to splatter if stirred or heated.to splatter if stirred or heated.

A graduated cylinder is A graduated cylinder is used to measure volumes used to measure volumes of liquids.of liquids.

Funnel and Flasks

An Erlenmeyer Flask holds solids or liquids that may release gases during a reaction or that are likely to splatter if stirred or heated.

A funnel is used to aid in the transfer of liquid from one vessel to another.

Flasks

Volumetric FlaskVolumetric Flask

Rarely used in first year Rarely used in first year chemistry.chemistry.

It is used for making precise It is used for making precise concentrations of solutions.concentrations of solutions.

Usually comes in volumes of Usually comes in volumes of 1000 mL, 500 mL, and 250 1000 mL, 500 mL, and 250 mL. mL.

There is a graduation on There is a graduation on the neck of the bottle to the neck of the bottle to indicate the volume of the indicate the volume of the flask. flask.

Medicine Dropper and Pipettes

A medicine dropper is used to A medicine dropper is used to transfer a small volume of liquid transfer a small volume of liquid (less than one mL).(less than one mL).

On top of each medicine dropper On top of each medicine dropper is a “is a “rubber bulbrubber bulb”” A pipette is used to transfer liquid from A pipette is used to transfer liquid from

one container to another (very small one container to another (very small increments, usually 0.25 mL).increments, usually 0.25 mL).

Burettes

Burettes are long Burettes are long graduated cylinders graduated cylinders used to add very precise used to add very precise amounts of solutions.amounts of solutions.

Burettes are typically Burettes are typically used in titrations – used in titrations – mixing acids and bases.mixing acids and bases.

Forceps, Tweezers, and Tongs

Forceps (or tweezers) are used Forceps (or tweezers) are used to pick up small objects.to pick up small objects.

Beaker tongs are used to pick-up hot Beaker tongs are used to pick-up hot objects and/or small beakers.objects and/or small beakers.

For handling hot crucibles; also used to pick up other hot For handling hot crucibles; also used to pick up other hot objects. objects. NOTNOT to be used for picking up beakers! to be used for picking up beakers!

Test TubesTest Tubes

13 x 100 mm test tubes13 x 100 mm test tubes

10 x 75 mm test tubes10 x 75 mm test tubes

IgnitionIgnitiontubetube

Test tubes come in a wide variety of sizes.Test tubes are used to hold small amounts of pre-measured substances

Test Tube Tongs and Test Tube Rack

A test tube tongs are A test tube tongs are used to hold test tubes used to hold test tubes over flames or that are over flames or that are too hot to handle.too hot to handle.

Test tube racks are used for holding, organizing, and cleaning test tubes.

Plastic racks may melt in contact with very hot test tubes..

Test Tube Brushes and Rubber Stoppers

Test tube brushes are used to Test tube brushes are used to clean test tubes and graduated clean test tubes and graduated cylinders.cylinders.

Forcing a large brush into a small Forcing a large brush into a small test tube may damage or could test tube may damage or could possibly break the tube.possibly break the tube.

Rubber stoppers are used to close containers to avoid spillage or contamination.

Containers should never be heated Containers should never be heated when there is a stopper in place.when there is a stopper in place.

Well Plates and Weigh Boats

Well plates are used when we want to perform many small scale reactions at one time.

We will use these several times during the year.

Weighing boats are used to weigh solids that will be transferred to another vessel.

Watch Glass and Glass Plate

A watch glass is used to hold a small amount A watch glass is used to hold a small amount of solid, such as the product of a reaction.of solid, such as the product of a reaction.

It is also used to cover an evaporating to help It is also used to cover an evaporating to help prevent splattering.prevent splattering.

Glass plates provide a surface for semi-Glass plates provide a surface for semi-micro scale experiments, such as drop micro scale experiments, such as drop reactions and testing of acids and bases.reactions and testing of acids and bases.

Glass Stir Rod, Spatulas, and “Scoopulas”

A glass rod is used to A glass rod is used to manually stir solutions. It manually stir solutions. It can also be used to transfer can also be used to transfer a single drop of a solution.a single drop of a solution.

Spatulas are used to dispense solid chemicals from their containers.

Chemicals should never be transferred with your bare Chemicals should never be transferred with your bare hands.hands.

“Scoopulas” are used for transferring dry chemicals from their containers.

Bunsen Burner and Striker

Bunsen burners are used for the heating of nonvolatile liquids and solids.

Strikers are used to light Bunsen burners.

The flints on strikers are expensive. Do not operate the striker repeatedly just to see the sparks!

Ring Stands and Their Components

Ring stands – a Bunsen burner is Ring stands – a Bunsen burner is placed on the stand and a wire placed on the stand and a wire screen sits atop the ring.screen sits atop the ring.

The wire mesh is used to hold The wire mesh is used to hold glassware and ceramics while glassware and ceramics while heating.heating.

Iron rings connect to a ring stand Iron rings connect to a ring stand and provide a stable, elevated and provide a stable, elevated platform for the reaction.platform for the reaction.

Evaporating Dish and Crucibles

The evaporating dish is The evaporating dish is used for the heating of used for the heating of stable solid compounds stable solid compounds and elements.and elements.

Crucibles are used for Crucibles are used for heating certain solids, heating certain solids, particularly metals, to very particularly metals, to very high temperatures.high temperatures.

Ring Stands and Their Components

The clay triangle is used The clay triangle is used as a support for porcelain as a support for porcelain crucibles when being crucibles when being heated over a Bunsen heated over a Bunsen burner.burner.

Wire gauze sits on the iron ring to Wire gauze sits on the iron ring to provide a place to stand a beaker. provide a place to stand a beaker.

In older wire gauze, the white In older wire gauze, the white material is asbestos!material is asbestos!

Ring Stands and Their Components

Utility clamps are used to Utility clamps are used to secure test tubes, distillation secure test tubes, distillation columns, and burets to the columns, and burets to the ring stand.ring stand.

Double Buret clamps are used Double Buret clamps are used to hold burets – long graduated to hold burets – long graduated tubes used in titration.tubes used in titration.

Safety Wear

Heat resistant gloves are used Heat resistant gloves are used to handle hot objects.to handle hot objects.

Normal laboratory gloves are used in Normal laboratory gloves are used in the laboratory anytime chemicals are the laboratory anytime chemicals are used.used.

Goggles are used to Goggles are used to protect your eyes.protect your eyes.

Measuring Instruments

A digital balance is used A digital balance is used to determine the mass of to determine the mass of a smaller, lighter objecta smaller, lighter object

A triple beam balance A triple beam balance is used to determine is used to determine the mass of a larger, the mass of a larger, heavier object.heavier object.

A thermometer is A thermometer is used to measure how used to measure how much heat energy is much heat energy is in an object.in an object.

A meter stick is used to A meter stick is used to measure the length of an measure the length of an object.object.

Microscopes

A microscope is A microscope is used for magnifying used for magnifying very small items for very small items for easier viewing.easier viewing.

Microscope slides are used Microscope slides are used for holding specimens on the for holding specimens on the microscope.microscope.