lab manual of sat com of gitm gurgaon

FORM NO36. GITM-FRM- (REV. NO. 00)GURGAON INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT

LABORATORY MANUAL

EXPERIMENT NO.: ..ISSUE NO.:ISSUE DATE.://.

REV.NO.:00REV. DATE.:/./PAGE.:./.

DEPTT.: ECELABORATORY.:SEMESTER.:

AIM: To study uplink transmitter,down link receiver and transponder.

BRIEF THEORY: UPLINK TRANSMITTER: In up link station the signal has to be sent at a different frequency usually in higher 1GHz band to avoid interference with link signal. Another function performed by uplink station is to control highly internal function of satellite. up links are controlled so that transmitted micro wave beam is extremely narrow in order not to interface with adjacent satellite.

TRANSPONDER: Each satellite has a number of transponder witch access to a pair of receive / transmit antennas and associated electronics for each channel. For example in Europe the uplink sends a signal at a frequency of about 14 GHz. These are received downlink converted in frequency of about 11/ 12 GHz and boosted by high power amplifier for retransmission to earth. Separate transponder are used for each channel and are powered by solar panels with backup batteries for eclipse protection.

DOWN LINK RECIEVER: The medium used to transmit signal from satellite to earth is microwave electromagnetic radiation which is much higher in frequency normal broadcast TV signal in VHF / UHF bands. Microwave still exhibit a wave like nature, but inherit a tendency to serve attenuation by water vapors or any obstruction in line of sight of antenna. The transmitted micro wave power is extremely weak by the time it reaches earth and unless well designed equipment is used and certain installation precaution are taken, the back round noise can ruin the signal.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

TRANSMITTERTRANSPONDERRECEIVER

RESULT: Studied the uplink transmitter, down link receiver and transponder.

QUIZ:

Q.1.What is passive satellite?Ans. Q 2. What is active satellite?Ans. Q .3. What is Non synchronous satellite?Ans. .Q. 4. What is geosynchronous satellite?Ans. Q. 5. Explain ITU?Ans. Q .6. Define Transponder.Ans. Q .7. Define Uplink.Ans. Q .8 Explain IFRB.Ans. Q. 9. What is CCIR?AnsQ .10 What is CCITT?Ans:

AIM:-To establish a direct communication link between Uplink transmitter and Downlink receiver using tone signal.

APPARATUS REQUIRED: - Uplink Transmitter, Downlink Receiver, dish antennas and connecting cables.

BRIEF THEORY: - To radiate or receive electromagnetic waves an antenna is required. Antenna is system of elevated conductors which couples or matches the transmitter or receiver to free space. A transmitting antenna connecting to a transmitter by transmission line, forces electromagnetic waves in to free space which travel in space with velocity of light.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:-

TRANSMITTERRECEIVER

PROCEDURE:- 1. Connect the satellite uplink transmitter to AC mains.2. Switch on the transmitter by mains switch and frequency display will come on.3. The transmitting frequency can be selected by up down switch. The frequency can be changed from 1200 -1250-1300 MHz.4. The transmitter on off switch will switch on off the transmission.5. Connect X1 antenna to uplink transmitter with BNC BNC cable.6. Set the o/p gain of uplink transmitter to maximum.7. Place downlink receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.8. Connect the downlink receiver to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.9. The downlink receiver frequency can be changed from 1100 -1150 -1200 MHz. 10. The downlink receiver also has tuning potentiometer, which can be used to tune any frequency from 950- 1500 MHz.11. Keep the tuning POT fully anticlockwise.12. The downlink receiver on off switch will switch on off the receiver.13. Attach R2 antenna to the downlink receiver with BNC BNC cables.14. Align both the transmitter and receiver antenna in line.15. Keep the uplink transmitter frequency to 1200 MHz.16. Keep the downlink receiver frequency to 1200 MHz.17. Now connect Tone out signal to tone input of the uplink transmitter by patch cord.18. Keep downlink receiver voice switch in the on position and you will be able to hear tone in the speaker of receiver.19. This is a test link for direct communication between transmitter and receiver.20. Connect any other audio signal to the Audio2 of uplink transmitter and you will hear the music in the speaker of downlink receiver.

RESULT: - A clear music indicates that the microwave link has been successfully set up between Uplink transmitter and Downlink receiver.

DISCUSSION:-Direct Communication link is established without using satellite as a transponder.

PRECAUTIONS: - 1. Connection should be tight. 2. Switch off power supply after performing the experiment.

QUIZ:-

Q .1. What is X- band used for?Ans. Q .2. What is C- band used for?Ans. Q. 3. Which frequency band is used for commercial comm.Ans. Q. 4. Why 6/4 band is most popular?Ans. .Q.5. What is advantage of satellite communication.Ans. Q. 6. What is EIRP?AnsQ.7. What is figure of merit?Ans. .Q.8. What is complete link design?Ans. Q.9. On which link overall quality depends?Ans. .Q.10. What is analog base band signal?Ans.

AIM:-To setup an Active satellite link and demonstrate link fail operation.

APPARATUS REQUIRED: - Uplink Transmitter, Downlink Receiver, dish antennas, Transponder and connecting cables.

BRIEF THEORY: - The Uplink transmitter sends signals at an uplink frequency, which is higher than downlink frequency to avoid the interference. The quality of signal is much improved with active satellite specially when distances between transmitter and receiver are considerable.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:- TRANSMITTERTRANSPONDERRECEIVER

PROCEDURE:- 1 Connect the satellite uplink transmitter to AC mains.2 Switch on the transmitter by mains switch and frequency display will come on.3 The transmitting frequency can be selected by up down switch. The frequency can be changed from 1200 -1250-1300 MHz.4. The transmitter on off switch will switch on off the transmission. Connect X1 antenna to uplink transmitter with BNC BNC cable.5. Set the o/p gain of uplink transmitter to maximum. Place downlink receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.6. Connect the downlink receiver to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.7. The downlink receiver frequency can be changed from 1100 -1150 -1200 MHz. 8. The downlink receiver also has tuning potentiometer, which can be used to tune any frequency from 950- 1500 MHz.9. Keep the tuning POT fully anticlockwise.10. The downlink receiver on off switch will switch on off the receiver.11. Attach R2 antenna to the downlink receiver with BNC BNC cables.12. Align both the transmitter and receiver antenna in line.13. Place a satellite transponder between transmitter and receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.14. Connect the satellite transponder to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.15. The receiver side of satellite Transponder has an on off switch, which will switch off the receiver of the satellite. Similarly on off switch on transmitter side will switch off transmitter of satellite.16. Adjust transmitter uplink frequency to 1300 MHz and transponder receiver frequency also to 1300MHz.17. Keep downlink frequency of Transponder to 1100MHz.18. Keep the downlink receiver to 1100MHz.19. Now connect a tone output to tone input of the uplink transmitter by patch cord.20. Keep downlink receiver voice switch in the on position and you will be able to hear tone in the speaker of receiver.21. This is a test link for Active satellite communication.22. Connect any other audio signal to the Audio 2 of uplink transmitter and you will hear the music in the speaker of downlink receiver.RESULT: -The above set up shows that a successful satellite communication link has been set up between transmitter and receiver.

DISCUSSION:-Hence successful transmission is established using satellite as a transponder.


QUIZ:- Q .1. What is Multiplexing?Ans. Q .2. What is Carson rule?Ans. Q. 3. What is SCPC?Ans. .Q. 4. Where it is used for?Ans. .Q.5. What are advantage of SCPC?Ans..Q. 6. What is bit?Ans. Q.7. What is baud?Ans. Q.8. What is digital base band signal?AnsQ.9. What is orthogonal signal?Ans. Q.10. What is ASK?Ans.

AIM:-To setup an Active satellite link and demonstrate link fail operation.

APPARATUS REQUIRED: - Uplink Transmitter, Downlink Receiver, dish antennas, Transponder and connecting cables.



PROCEDURE:- 1 Connect the satellite uplink transmitter to AC mains.2 Switch on the transmitter by mains switch and frequency display will come on.3 The transmitting frequency can be selected by up down switch. The frequency can be changed from 1200 -1250-1300 MHz.4. The transmitter on off switch will switch on off the transmission. Connect X1 antenna to uplink transmitter with BNC BNC cable.5. Set the o/p gain of uplink transmitter to maximum. Place downlink receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.23. Connect the downlink receiver to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.24. The downlink receiver frequency can be changed from 1100 -1150 -1200 MHz. 25. The downlink receiver also has tuning potentiometer, which can be used to tune any frequency from 950- 1500 MHz.26. Keep the tuning POT fully anticlockwise.27. The downlink receiver on off switch will switch on off the receiver.28. Attach R2 antenna to the downlink receiver with BNC BNC cables.29. Align both the transmitter and receiver antenna in line.30. Place a satellite transponder between transmitter and receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.31. Connect the satellite transponder to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.32. The receiver side of satellite Transponder has an on off switch, which will switch off the receiver of the satellite. Similarly on off switch on transmitter side will switch off transmitter of satellite.33. Adjust transmitter uplink frequency to 1300 MHz and transponder receiver frequency also to 1300MHz.34. Keep downlink frequency of Transponder to 1100MHz.35. Keep the downlink receiver to 1100MHz.36. Now connect a tone output to tone input of the uplink transmitter by patch cord.37. Keep downlink receiver voice switch in the on position and you will be able to hear tone in the speaker of receiver.38. This is a test link for Active satellite communication.39. Connect any other audio signal to the Audio 2 of uplink transmitter and you will hear the music in the speaker of downlink receiver.RESULT: -The above set up shows that a successful satellite communication link has been set up between transmitter and receiver.

DISCUSSION:-Hence successful transmission is established using satellite as a transponder.


QUIZ:- Q .1. What is Multiplexing?Ans. Q .2. What is Carson rule?Ans. Q. 3. What is SCPC?Ans. Q. 4. Where it is used for?Ans. .Q.5. What are advantage of SCPC?Ans..Q. 6. What is bit?Ans. Q.7. What is baud?Ans. Q.8. What is digital base band signal?Ans. Q.9. What is orthogonal signal?Ans. Q.10. What is ASK?Ans.

AIM:-To establish an AUDIO-VIDEO satellite link between Transmitter and Receiver.

APPARATUS REQUIRED: - Uplink Transmitter, Downlink Receiver, dish antennas, Transponder, monitor and connecting cables.

BRIEF THEORY: - The Uplink transmitter sends signals at an uplink frequency, which is higher than downlink frequency to avoid the interference. The quality of signal is much improved with active satellite specially when distances between transmitter and receiver are considerable.BLOCK DIAGRAM:- VCD PLAYERTRANSMITTERTRANSPONDERRECEIVERTV

PROCEDURE:- 1 Connect the satellite uplink transmitter to AC mains.2 Switch on the transmitter by mains switch and frequency display will come on.3 The transmitting frequency can be selected by up down switch. The frequency can be changed from 1200 -1250-1300 MHz.3 The transmitter on off switch will switch on off the transmission.4 Connect X1 antenna to uplink transmitter with BNC BNC cable.5 Set the o/p gain of uplink transmitter to maximum.6 Place downlink receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.7 Connect the downlink receiver to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.8 The downlink receiver frequency can be changed from 1100 -1150 -1200 MHz. 9 The downlink receiver also has tuning potentiometer, which can be used to tune any frequency from 950- 1500 MHz.10 Keep the tuning POT fully anticlockwise.11 The downlink receiver on off switch will switch on off the receiver.12 Attach R2 antenna to the downlink receiver with BNC BNC cables.13 Align both the transmitter and receiver antenna in line.14 Place a satellite transponder between transmitter and receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.15 Connect the satellite transponder to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.16 The receiver side of satellite Transponder has an on off switch, which will switch off the receiver of the satellite. Similarly on off switch on transmitter side will switch off transmitter of satellite.17 Adjust transmitter uplink frequency to 1300 MHz and transponder receiver frequency also to 1300MHz.18 Keep downlink frequency of Transponder to 1100MHz.19 Keep the downlink receiver to 1100MHz.20 Connect the Audio/Video signal at the input socket provided on the Uplink Transmitter, Video at video input and audio at audio 1 input.22. Connect TV monitor to the Audio/Video o/p of downlink receiver. Set TV in AV mode.23. The TV monitor will display video and audio signal that you have connected to uplink transmitter input.

RESULT: -The monitor display shows that a successful audio and video link has been establish between Transmitter and Receiver through satellite.

DISCUSSION: - The quality of signal is much improved with active satellite specially when distances between transmitter and receiver are considerable.


QUIZ:- Q .1. Give another name of ASK.Ans. .Q .2. What is PSK?Ans. .Q. 3. What are main problems with comm. satellite reaching the orbit?Ans. Q. 4. What is apogee?Ans. Q.5. What is perigee?Ans.Q. 6. What are look angle?Ans. Q.7. What is trace?Ans. Q.8. What is threshold?Ans. Q.9. What is thermal noise?Ans. Q.10. UHF stands for.Ans.

AIM:-To communicate VOICE-signal through satellite link.

APPARATUS REQUIRED: - Uplink Transmitter, Downlink Receiver, dish antennas, Transponder, mike, and connecting cables.


BLOCK DIAGRAM:- MIC.TRANSMITTERTRANSPONDERRECEIVERSPEAKER

PROCEDURE:- 2 Connect the satellite uplink transmitter to AC mains.3 Switch on the transmitter by mains switch and frequency display will come on.4 The transmitting frequency can be selected by up down switch. The frequency can be changed from 1200 -1250-1300 MHz.5 The transmitter on off switch will switch on off the transmission.6 Connect X1 antenna to uplink transmitter with BNC BNC cable.7 Set the o/p gain of uplink transmitter to maximum.8 Place downlink receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.9 Connect the downlink receiver to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.10 The downlink receiver frequency can be changed from 1100 -1150 -1200 MHz. 11 The downlink receiver also has tuning potentiometer, which can be used to tune any frequency from 950- 1500 MHz.12 Keep the tuning POT fully anticlockwise.13 The downlink receiver on off switch will switch on off the receiver.14 Attach R2 antenna to the downlink receiver with BNC BNC cables.15 Align both the transmitter and receiver antenna in line.16 Place a satellite transponder between transmitter and receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.17 Connect the satellite transponder to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.18 The receiver side of satellite Transponder has an on off switch, which will switch off the receiver of the satellite. Similarly on off switch on transmitter side will switch off transmitter of satellite.19 Adjust transmitter uplink frequency to 1300 MHz and transponder receiver frequency also to 1300MHz.20 Keep downlink frequency of Transponder to 1100MHz.21 Keep the downlink receiver to 1100MHz.22 Connect mike i/p at the socket marked MIC on the uplink transmitter.22. Connect the voice link of uplink transmitter and downlink receiver.23. Speak in the mike and you will hear the same sound in the speaker of receiver.

RESULT: -The above shows a successful established of voice link between transmitter and receiver.

DISCUSSION: - The Uplink transmitter sends signals at an uplink frequency, which is higher than downlink frequency to avoid the interference.


QUIZ:- Q .1. Define VSWR.Ans. Q .2. What is the Up converter?Ans. .Q. 3. Define Trace.Ans. .Q. 4. What is threshold?Ans. Q.5. What isVTO (Voltage Tuned Oscillator)?Ans.Q. 6. What is Splitter?Ans. Q.7. What is Tap?Ans. Q.8. PSD stands for.Ans. Q.9. What is Raster? Ans. Q.10. What is Hum Bars?Ans.

AIM:-To change different combinations of uplink and downlink frequencies and to check the communication link.

APPARATUS REQUIRED: - Uplink Transmitter, Downlink Receiver, dish antennas, Transponder, monitor, and connecting cables.



PROCEDURE:- 1 Connect the satellite uplink transmitter to AC mains.2 Switch on the transmitter by mains switch and frequency display will come on.3 The transmitting frequency can be selected by up down switch. The frequency can be changed from 1200 -1250-1300 MHz.4 The transmitter on off switch will switch on off the transmission.5 Connect X1 antenna to uplink transmitter with BNC BNC cable.6 Set the o/p gain of uplink transmitter to maximum.7 Place downlink receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.8 Connect the downlink receiver to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.9 The downlink receiver frequency can be changed from 1100 -1150 -1200 MHz. 10 The downlink receiver also has tuning potentiometer, which can be used to tune any frequency from 950- 1500 MHz.11 Keep the tuning POT fully anticlockwise.12 The downlink receiver on off switch will switch on off the receiver.13 Attach R2 antenna to the downlink receiver with BNC BNC cables.14 Align both the transmitter and receiver antenna in line.15 Place a satellite transponder between transmitter and receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.16 Connect the satellite transponder to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.17 The receiver side of satellite Transponder has an on off switch, which will switch off the receiver of the satellite. Similarly on off switch on transmitter side will switch off transmitter of satellite.18 Adjust transmitter uplink frequency to 1300 MHz and transponder receiver frequency also to 1300MHz.19 Keep downlink frequency of Transponder to 1100MHz.20 Keep the downlink receiver to 1100MHz.21 Connect the AUDIO/VIDEO signal at the i/p socket provided on the uplink transmitter, Video at video input audio at audio 1 input.22. Connect TV monitor to the Audio/Video o/p of downlink receiver. Set TV in AV mode.23. The TV monitor will display video and audio signal that you have connected to uplink transmitter i/p.24. Now change uplink transmitter frequency from 1300 to 1250 MHz and correspondingly the receiver frequency of transponder is to be changed to 1250 MHz. you will receive the same quality of signal at the o/p of the uplink receiver.25. Now change the downlink frequency of transponder from 1100 to 1150 MHz and similarly change downlink receiver tuning frequency to 1150 MHz. you will be receiving the same quality of signal. Try different combinations of uplink and downlink frequency and also by using tuner of receiver.26. When the transmitter and receiver both are 1200MHz. you will see the distortion on monitor because both uplink and downlink frequency are same and receiver is receiving two links.

RESULT: The above shows a successful establishment of satellite audio/video link between uplink transmitter and downlink receiver at different uplink and downlink frequencies.

DISCUSSION: - When the transmitter and receiver both are 1200MHz, you will see the distortion on monitor.


QUIZ:- Q.1 Define AFC?Ans. Q.2 Define AGC?Ans. Q.3 What is Back Porch?AnsQ.4 What is Bird?Ans. Q.5 What is blanking pulse level?Ans. Q.6 What is blanking signal?AnsQ.7 What is board band?Ans. Q.8 What is clamp circuit?Ans. Q.9 What is Conus?Ans. Q. 10 What is Composite Video Signal?Ans.

AIM: - To transmit and receive three separate signals (Audio, Video, Tone) simultaneously through satellite link.

APPARATUS REQUIRED: - Uplink Transmitter, Downlink Receiver, dish antennas, Transponder, VCD Player, Monitor and connecting cables.


BLOCK DIAGRAM:- VCD PLAYERTRANSMITTERTRANSPONDERRECEIVERMONITOR

PROCEDURE:- 1 Connect the satellite uplink transmitter to AC mains.2 Switch on the transmitter by mains switch and frequency display will come on.3 The transmitting frequency can be selected by up down switch. The frequency can be changed from 1200 -1250-1300 MHz.4 The transmitter on off switch will switch on off the transmission.5 Connect X1 antenna to uplink transmitter with BNC BNC cable.6 Set the o/p gain of uplink transmitter to maximum.7 Place downlink receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.8 Connect the downlink receiver to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.9 The downlink receiver frequency can be changed from 1100 -1150 -1200 MHz. 10 The downlink receiver also has tuning potentiometer, which can be used to tune any frequency from 950- 1500 MHz.11 Keep the tuning POT fully anticlockwise.12 The downlink receiver on off switch will switch on off the receiver.13 Attach R2 antenna to the downlink receiver with BNC BNC cables.14 Align both the transmitter and receiver antenna in line.15 Place a satellite transponder between transmitter and receiver at a distance of 5-7 m. Connect the satellite transponder to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.16 The receiver side of satellite Transponder has an on off switch, which will switch off the receiver of the satellite. Similarly on off switch on transmitter side will switch off transmitter of satellite.17 Adjust transmitter uplink frequency to 1300 MHz and transponder receiver frequency also to 1300MHz.18 Keep downlink frequency of Transponder to 1100MHz.19 Keep the downlink receiver to 1100MHz.20 Connect the AUDIO/VIDEO signal at the i/p socket provided on the uplink transmitter, Video at video input audio at audio 1 input. And connect tone out signal to Audio 2 input of the uplink transmitter by patch cord.22. Connect TV monitor to the Audio/Video o/p of downlink receiver. Set TV in AV mode. Keep downlink receiver voice switch in the on position.23. The TV monitor will display video and audio signal that you have connected to uplink transmitter i/p. and you will be able to hear tone in the speaker of receiver.

RESULT: Three separate signals (Audio, Video, Tone) are successfully received at downlink receiver through satellite communication link.

DISCUSSION: - Three separate signals can be successfully transmitted using satellite comm. link.


QUIZ:- Q.1 What is cross modulation?Ans. Q.2 What is Dc power Block?Ans. Q.3 What is Detent Tuning?Ans. Q.4 What is Dom sat?Ans. Q.5 What is Drifting?Ans. Q.6 What is Elevation Angle?Ans. Q.7 Define F/D Ratio?AnsQ.8 What is Inclinometer?Ans. Q.9 What is Insertion Loss?Ans. Q. 10 Define INTELSAT?Ans.

AIM: - To transmit and receive function generator waveforms through satellite link.

APPARATUS REQUIRED: - Uplink Transmitter, Downlink Receiver, dish antennas, Transponder, function generator, CRO and connecting cables.

BRIEF THEORY: - The Uplink transmitter sends signals at an uplink frequency, which is higher than downlink frequency to avoid the interference. The quality of signal is much improved with active satellite specially when distances between transmitter and receiver are considerable.BLOCK DIAGRAM:- FUNCTION GENERATORTRANSMITTERTRANSPONDERRECEIVERCRO

PROCEDURE:- 1 Connect the satellite uplink transmitter to AC mains.2 Switch on the transmitter by mains switch and frequency display will come on.3 The transmitting frequency can be selected by up down switch. The frequency can be changed from 1200 -1250-1300 MHz.4 The transmitter on off switch will switch on off the transmission.5 Connect X1 antenna to uplink transmitter with BNC BNC cable.6 Set the o/p gain of uplink transmitter to maximum.7 Place downlink receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.8 Connect the downlink receiver to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.9 The downlink receiver frequency can be changed from 1100 -1150 -1200 MHz. 10 The downlink receiver also has tuning potentiometer, which can be used to tune any frequency from 950- 1500 MHz.11 Keep the tuning POT fully anticlockwise.12 The downlink receiver on off switch will switch on off the receiver.13 Attach R2 antenna to the downlink receiver with BNC BNC cables.14 Align both the transmitter and receiver antenna in line.15 Place a satellite transponder between transmitter and receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.16 Connect the satellite transponder to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.17 The receiver side of satellite Transponder has an on off switch, which will switch off the receiver of the satellite. Similarly on off switch on transmitter side will switch off transmitter of satellite.18 Adjust transmitter uplink frequency to 1300 MHz and transponder receiver frequency also to 1300MHz.19 Keep downlink frequency of Transponder to 1100MHz.20 Keep the downlink receiver to 1100MHz.21 Connect function generator sine wave output to DATA input terminals provided on uplink transmitter. 22. Connect data o/p of downlink receiver to the oscilloscope.23. Feed the signal of 1KHz Sine wave and you will observe similar sine wave of same frequency on Oscilloscope.24. Change Sine to Square, Triangular, etc and you will observe the same wave shape on CRO.

RESULT: Function generator waveforms are successfully received at downlink receiver through satellite communication link.

DISCUSSION:- Function generator waveforms are successfully transmitted at uplink transmitter through satellite communication link.


QUIZ:- Q.1What is PAL?Ans. Q.2 What is Pad?Ans. Q.3 What is Q Signal?Ans. Q.4 What is Raster? Ans. Q.5 What is SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) filter?Ans. Q.6 What is Reference signal?Ans. Q.7 What is Vertical Blanking Pulse?Ans. Q. 8 What is the difference between TV transmission center and Satellite transmission center.Ans. Q.10 What is the function of LNB?Ans.

AIM: - To transmit and receive PC data through satellite link.APPARATUS REQUIRED: - Uplink Transmitter, Downlink Receiver, dish antennas, Transponder, 2 No. of RS-232 9-pin cables ,2 Male to -1 Female RS -232 cable,2 sets of PC ,Satellite software and connecting cables.BRIEF THEORY: - The Uplink transmitter sends signals at an uplink frequency, which is higher than downlink frequency to avoid the interference. The quality of signal is much improved with active satellite specially when distances between transmitter and receiver are considerable.BLOCK DIAGRAM:- P. C.TRANSMITTERTRANSPONDERRECEIVERP. C.

PROCEDURE:- 1Connect the satellite uplink transmitter to AC mains.2 Switch on the transmitter by mains switch and frequency display will come on.3 The transmitting frequency can be selected by up down switch. The frequency can be changed from 1200 -1250-1300 MHz.4 The transmitter on off switch will switch on off the transmission.5 Connect X1 antenna to uplink transmitter with BNC BNC cable.6 Set the o/p gain of uplink transmitter to maximum.7 Place downlink receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.8 Connect the downlink receiver to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.9 The downlink receiver frequency can be changed from 1100 -1150 -1200 MHz. 10 The downlink receiver also has tuning potentiometer, which can be used to tune any frequency from 950- 1500 MHz.11 Keep the tuning POT fully anticlockwise.12 The downlink receiver on off switch will switch on off the receiver.13 Attach R2 antenna to the downlink receiver with BNC BNC cables.14 Align both the transmitter and receiver antenna in line.15 Place a satellite transponder between transmitter and receiver at a distance of 5-7 m.16 Connect the satellite transponder to the AC mains and switch it on by mains switch.17 The receiver side of satellite Transponder has an on off switch, which will switch off the receiver of the satellite. Similarly on off switch on transmitter side will switch off transmitter of satellite.18 Adjust transmitter uplink frequency to 1300 MHz and transponder receiver frequency also to 1300MHz.19 Keep downlink frequency of Transponder to 1100MHz.20 Keep the downlink receiver to 1100MHz.21 Connect RS -232 cable from uplink transmitter to one set of PC.22. Connect RS -232 cable from downlink receiver to one set of PC.23. Switch on the PC and install sat. Software on both PC and select communication port COM 1 on both PC.24. When the link is established, the typed matter on first set up PC will be transmitted to second set up PC via. Satellite link. (If transmitted data is not received correctly then adjust gain POT of satellite transponder.)

RESULT: PC data transmitted from first setup PC is received in the second setup PC via. Satellite link.

DISCUSSION:-

PRECAUTION: - 1. Connection should be tight. 2. Switch off power supply after performing the experiment.

QUIZ:- Q.1 What is the Reed Switch?Ans. Q.2 What is the range of UHF and SHF bands.Ans. Q.3 Define S/N Ratio?Ans. Q.4 VSAT stands for.Ans. Q.5 What is the land application of MSAT?Ans. Q.6 What is bore sight?Ans. Q.7 What is the Isolator?Ans. Q.8 What is Inclinometer?Ans. Q. 9 What is Longitude?Ans. Q.10 What is Servo Hunting?Ans.

AIM: - To study TDMA and TDMA frame structure.

BRIEF THEORY:-TDMA:-In TDMA, many earth stations in the satellite communication network use a single carrier for transmission via satellite transponder on a time- division basis these earth station transmit traffic bursts in a periodic time frame which is termed TDMA frame.

TRAFFIC BURST 1RB2TRAFFIC BURST NTDMA FRAMETDMA FRAME STRUCTURE: - In TDMA network each earth station periodically transmits one or more bursts to the satellite and the TDMA frame structure consist of such bursts. Two reference bursts (RB1 and RB2 ) meant for reliability. Out of these bursts, one serve as primary reference burst and other as secondary burst. A long with reference bursts, there are traffic bursts which form the main parts of TDMA. These bursts carry the digital information. The different traffic bursts occupy their position according to burst time plan. A short guard time is provided between the bursts.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:-

Guard Time

RB1RB1

RESULT: - Studied TDMA and its frame structure.

QUIZ.:Q 1. What is the duration of traffic bursts in TDMA frame?Ans Q 2. What is multiple access?Ans .Q 3. What is reference burst structure?Ans. Q 4. What is frame acquisition & frame synchronization?Ans. Q 5. What is CDMA?Ans. Q 6. What is geostationary satellite?AnsQ 7. What are look angles?Ans. Q 8. What are repeaters?Ans. Q 9 What is packet? Ans. Q 10. What is keplers first law? Ans.

EE-424-E SATELLITE COMMUNICATION LAB

L T P CLASS WORK :500 0 2 EXAM:50 TOTAL:100 DURATION OF EXAM:3 HRS

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:

1. To set up a active and passive satellite communication link and study their difference.2. To measure the base-band analog (voice) signal parameters in the satellite link.3. To measure C/N ratio.4. To transmit and receive the function generator waveforms through a Sat.Com. link.5. To measure the digital baseband signal parameters in Sat.Com. link.6. To send telecommand and receive the telemetry data.7. To set a PC to PC Sat. Com. Link using RS-232 ports.8. To measure the propagation delay of signal in a Sat. Com. Link.9. To measure fading of a received signal.10. To measure the parameters in an analog FM/FDM TV Sat.Com. link.11. To measure the S/N ratio.12. To calculate the figure of merit and FM deviation.

NOTE: At least ten experiments are to be performed , atleast seven experiments are to be taken from the above list and the remaining three based on the syllabus of EE-404-C (Satellite Communication Engineering) be developed at the institution level. The students will be required to perform at least eight experiments in the semester.

PREPARED BY.:APPROVED BY.: Mr.Sunil Kumar

lab manual of sat com of gitm gurgaon

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