Laboratory #2: Solubility O/R/R and A/I

1. Title: Solubility

2. Aim: To determine the solubility of potassium nitrate

3. Apparatus:

Bunsen Burner, Potassium Nitrate Ceramic bowl, Water ,Retort stand, Retort clamp, Test tube holder, Water bath ,Boiling tube ,BuretteTest tubes, Thermometer, Beam balance, Funnel ,Spatula

5. procedure: correct steps, with no spelling or grammatical errors.

6. Table of results: title describing what the table shows, written above the table, quantities and units written correctly, no errors.

7. Observations: state what happens to the crystals, any temperature changes of the solution all on it's own (without heating) any other changes.

8. Graph: Correctly written axes, title, suitable units and scale, correctly plotted points, neat best fit curve.

9. Analysis and interpretation: answers to questions 1-10, very brief analysis of what happens during the experiment, and very brief statement of the trends of temperature, volume and solubility.

10. sources of error: 2 sources of error.

11. Conclusion: relate the conclusion to the experiment.

Lab #3: Acids and Bases

Chemical

Methyl orange

Universal indicator

Red litmus

Blue litmus

Vinegar Purple Red No change

Red

Milk of Magnesia

Yellow Blue green

blue No Change

Toothpaste

No change

Blue green

Blue No change

Bleach Yellow Clear White(colourless)

White(colourless)

Orange juice

Dark green or no change

Red orange

No change

Red

Soap powder

No change

Blue black

No change

Red

Sodium hydroxide

No change

Black Blue No change

Nitric acid

Light red

Red No change

pink

Sulphuric acid

5. Observations: Title written above the table

Lab #3: Acids and Bases

Lab #3: Acids and Bases

6.Analysis and interpretation: Talk about the nature of cleaning products generally whether they are all neutral or tend to have some acidic or basic qualities. List the nature of each chemical as either acidic basic or neutral using 1 line statements.7. Sources of error:Give one source of error.8. Conclusion: relate the conclusion to the aim of the experiment

Lab #4: Chromatography

1.Title: Paper Chromatography OR Separation techniques

2.Aim: To separate the components of an ink sample E

3.Apparatus: beaker, water, filter paper, ruler, scissors, tape, pencil, sample E

4. Procedure: correct steps, no grammatical or spelling errors, correct tense.1) strip of 2 cm x 10 cm filter paper was cut.2) line was drawn across the width, 1 cm from one end.3) One drop of sample E was placed at the centre of the line drawn and ink was allowed to dry.4) Strip was placed int solvent carefully and observed

5. Diagram: Actual chromatogram, with label above " chromatogram", proper labelling of components, origin and solvent front, neat placement and orientation of chromatogram, graduated lines to show points from which measurements of the distance travelled by the component were taken.

6. table of results: proper construction, title written above, correct headings and readings.

7. Analysis: definition of chromatography, brief explanation of how it works, and the driving force which propels the sample up the strip (if it moved up).

8. Limitations: these are factors which are not able to be contro

9. Conclusion: related to aim and experiment

Lab 5#: Salt preparatio1.Title: Salts Preparatio

2.Aim: To prepare pure samples of Zinc chloride and Copper Chloride.

3.Apparatus:

4. Diagram(optional): showing apparatus used to purify the crystals( Bunsen burner, tripod, evaporating dish, salts), normal diagram formatting applies: Diagram should be Bordered, clear single lines, labels either side of the apparatus. title of diagram below

5.Procedure: Correct tense, no errors of spelling and grammar. logical process to produce the salts.

5. Observations: state all colour changes, state the colour of all solutions, gases or vapours produced and the original colours of all reactants, any actions and events you noted during the laboratory.

6.analysis: state the method of salt preparation used, what property of the salt directed you to use this method, why gases or vapours produced were produced, deduce the substances which were produced.

7.Conclusion: relate this to the aim and the experiment generally.