Lakeland Intermolecular Forces Review

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The table below shows four compounds and theboiling point of each.

Which compound has the strongest intermolecular forces?A) H2O B) H2S

C) H2Se D) H2Te

Question 1

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• Strong intermolecular forces lead to high boiling points and low freezing points

Correct!

• H2O has the highest boiling point so it must have the highest intermolecular forces

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Which structural formula represents a dipole?Question 2

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• Dipoles (polar molecule) occur when a molecule is not symmetric

Correct!

• H2S is not symmetric so it will have a dipole

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Two fluorine atoms are held together by a covalent bond. Which statement correctly describes this bond?

A) It is polar and forms a polar molecule

B) It is polar and forms a non-polar molecule

C) It is non-polar and forms a polar molecule

D) It is non-polar and forms a non-polar molecule

Question 3

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• To determine polarity you must compare the electronegativity of the two atoms in the bond

Correct!

• Fluorine and fluorine have the same electronegativity so they form a non-polar bond. This also means it is a non-polar molecule.

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In the electron dot diagram above, the electrons in the bond between hydrogen and chlorine are more strongly attracted to the atom of

A) Hydrogen, which has the higher electronegativity

B) Hydrogen, which has the lower electronegativity

C) Chlorine, which has the higher electronegativity

D) Chlorine, which has the lower electronegativity

Question 4

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• Electronegativity increases to the right and top of the periodic table.

Correct!

• Chlorine is closer to the top right of the periodic table, so it has a higher electronegativity. This means the electrons will move closer to chlorine than hydrogen.

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Which of these formulas contains the most polar bond?

A) H – O B) N – O

C) C – O D) S – O

Question 5

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• Most polar means biggest difference in electronegativity

Correct!

• H and O are the furthest apart on the periodic table and have the biggest difference in electronegativity

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Which molecule contains a nonpolar covalent bond?Question 6

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• Non-polar bonds will have an electronegativity difference of less than 0.4

Correct!

• Br – Br has an electronegativity difference of zero so it is non-polar

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When compared to H2S, H2O has a higher boiling point because H2O contains stronger

A) Metallic bonds B) Ionic bonds

C) Covalent bonds D) Hydrogen bonds

Question 7

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• Both molecules have covalent bonds so the difference is in the intermolecular forces

Correct!

• Water contains oxygen so it has the ability to form hydrogen bonds

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At STP, fluorine is a gas and iodine is a solid. This observation can be explained by the fact that fluorine has

A) weaker intermolecular forces of attraction than iodine

B) stronger intermolecular forces of attraction than iodine

C) lower average kinetic energy than iodine

D) higher average kinetic energy than iodine

Question 8

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• Stronger intermolecular forces cause a substance to stay in a more structured state

Correct!

• Fluorine has weaker intermolecular forces and therefore is a gas while iodine is a solid

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The degree of polarity of a chemical bond in a molecule of a compound can be predicted by determining the difference in the

A) melting points of the elements in the compound

B) densities of the elements in the compound

C) electronegativities of the bonded atoms in a molecule of the compound

D) atomic masses of the bonded atoms in a molecule of the compound

Question 9

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• Polarity is determined by the amount that each atom in a bond wants electrons

Correct!

• Difference in electronegativity determines whether or not a bond will be polar

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Which Group 16 element when combined with hydrogen forms a compound that would exhibit the strongest hydrogen bonding?

A) Selenium B) Sulfur

C) Oxygen D) Tellurium

Question 10

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• Only the three most electronegative atoms on the periodic table are capable of hydrogen bonding

Correct!

• Oxygen, Nitrogen and Fluorine are the only three atoms that can hydrogen bond

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