lameness exams
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Lameness exams. Pg 143-147 321-327. Reasons for lameness Pain- Mechanical interference without pain Neurological lameness. Lameness Examination. Components of Examination. History Observation- Evaluation at rest- toe touching, or able to bear weight Evaluation in motion - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Lameness exams
Pg 143-147321-327
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• Reasons for lameness– Pain- – Mechanical interference without pain– Neurological lameness
Lameness Examination
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Components of Examination
– History– Observation- • Evaluation at rest- toe touching, or able to bear weight• Evaluation in motion
– Palpation- feel for heat, or feel for tenderness in the foot
– Local anesthesia– Further diagnostic evaluation
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Gait evaluation• Easiest to detect at a trot• Small circles accentuate lameness• Left vs. right• Flexion of fetlock• Head bobbing- up with forelimb, down with
hind limb• Stride length• Shoe ware
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Lameness grade 0-5• 0- not perceptible under any circumstance• 1- difficult to observe, inconsistent, regardless of
circumstance• 2- difficult to observe at walk and trot on straight line,
but apparent consistently under certain circumstances (circle, incline, hard surface)
• 3- consistently observable at trot under all circumstances• 4- obvious at walk• 5- inability to move- non-weight bearing
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Carpal Flexion Test
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Inspection and Assessment of Foot Conformation and Shoeing
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HOOF WORK
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Examination of the hoof using Hoof Tester
• The testers are applied between the hoof wall and the sole to find whether pain is present
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Examination of the hoof using Hoof Tester
• The hoof testers are being applied across the heels of the foot to localize pain to the palmar aspect of the foot
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Examination of the hoof using Hoof Tester
• The hoof testers are applied over the middle third of the frog. Horses with pain in the navicular region may show pain on application over this area
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Hoof hammer
• Tapping of the hoof wall with a hammer, whit the hoof on the ground. Sometimes this will reveal pain when the use of the hoof testers does not
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• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ICOtTMEuCxY
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Other diagnostics• Nerve block• Thermography• Radiography• Ultrasound• Bone scan• Magnetic resonance imaging• Nuclear scintigraphy• Tomography• Arthrocentesis
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2 classifications for lameness
– Supporting limb lameness– swinging limb lameness– mixed lameness– complementary/compensatory
lameness
- Predisposing factors- shoeing, disease, faulty conformation, poor condition, poor hoof care
- Trauma- trailer, accidents, kicks by another horse, incoordination (cross-fire)
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Unsoundness• Laminitis• Bruised soles/abscesses• Navicular Syndrome• Quittor• Cracks• Seedy toe• Side bone• Bucked shins• Sweeney• Bone Spavin• Stringhalt• Ringbone• Sesamoiditis• Osselets• Carpal Hygroma• Bowed Tendon• Patellar Luxation• Physitis• Subchondral Cystic Lesions
Blemishes• Curb• Windpuffs• Bog Spavin• Capped Hock• Thoroughpin• Shoe Boil• Splints• Grease Heal
(scratches)