land clearing
DESCRIPTION
Land Clearing. Aims of cleaning land. Remove the obstacles Remove the topsoil. Remove the obstacles. All vegetation e.g. bushes, scrub Roots of trees and bushes Rocks Then the site will be leveled for construction. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Land Clearing
![Page 2: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Aims of cleaning land
1. Remove the obstacles
2. Remove the topsoil
![Page 3: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Remove the obstacles
1. All vegetation e.g. bushes, scrub
2. Roots of trees and bushes
3. Rocks
Then the site will be leveled for construction. • Also, the equipment and the service (e.g. water , electricity
system and drainage ) will be accessed more easily.
![Page 4: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Remove the topsoil
• Topsoil – under ground level about 150mm
• Since it contains organic material which decomposes, shrinks or swelling by changing moisture content. It will affect he concrete and mortar if it is used for backfilling.
![Page 5: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The main sequence of clearing technique by
using bulldozer
![Page 6: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Above the ground level
all vegetation above ground is removed first, leaving stumps and roots in the ground
![Page 7: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
For small trees(6 Inches or Less in Diameter, and Brush)
• Operate the bulldozer with the blade
• Inserts it slightly below the ground level
• Run straight and digging slightly
• Cuts, breaks off or uproots most of the trees and roots.
![Page 8: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
For medium trees(6 to 12 Inches in Diameter)
• set the blade of the bulldozer as high as possible to gain added leverage
• dozer put the blade lower
• travels forward again and digs the roots free by lifting the blade
![Page 9: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
For medium trees(6 to 12 Inches in Diameter)
![Page 10: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
For medium trees(6 to 12 Inches in Diameter)
• As the tree falls, the bulldozer is backed up quickly to clear the roots
![Page 11: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
For large trees(over 12 inches in diameter)
• It is very difficult and dangerous • Because:
1. gently and cautiously the tree for dead
limbs that could fall and injure you
2. position the blade high and center it for
maximum leverage
3. determine the direction of fall before pushing
the tree over
![Page 12: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
For large trees(over 12 inches in diameter)
• The method is listed below:
• Opposite the direction of fall, make a cut deep enough to cut some of the large roots.
![Page 13: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
For large trees(over 12 inches in diameter)
• Cut side 2 and 3
• To obtain greater pushing leverage, build an earth ramp. Then push the tree over.
• As the tree starts to fall, reverse the tractor quickly to get away from the rising root. After felling the tree, fill the stump hole so that water will not be collected in it.
![Page 14: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
For large trees(over 12 inches in diameter)
![Page 15: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
For large trees(over 12 inches in diameter)
![Page 16: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
For small to medium area• From outside to center –the operator rolls
the unwanted materials to the outside and away from the uncut area.
![Page 17: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
For small to medium area
• From center to outside – the cut materials are rolled to the center.
![Page 18: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
For the slope area
• The unwanted materials are taken to the windrow at the edge of the slope.
• It is better to move downward to slope in order to obtain maximum efficiency and reduce fuel consumption.
![Page 20: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Clearing technique(removing stumps from ground)
• Clearing blade with stinger is used – Stumps are pushed out form ground– The stinger is designed to be used as a knife– The edge of the blade is used for pushing
• For extremely large trees1. cutting the lateral roots around the tree 2. Pushing the tree with the blade raised high to
provide leverage
![Page 22: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Clearing technique(removing stumps from ground)
• For extremely large trees1.cutting the lateral roots around the tree
2.Pushing the tree with the blade raised high to provide leverage
![Page 23: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Clearing technique(removing stumps from ground)
![Page 24: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Clearing technique(removing stumps from ground)
• Earth ramp is needed on one side of the tree to gain greater pushing leverage
![Page 25: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
References• Peurifoy R. L., Schexnayder C. J., Construction planning, equipment, and
methods, 6th ed., Mc Graw Hill
• Newfoundland guidelines for clearing land http://www.gov.uf.ca/agric/clearing_land.pdf
• Clearing, grubbing and stripping, http://www.adtdl.army.mil/cgi-bin/atdl.dll/fm/5-430-00-1/CH4.htm#fig4_
4
• McKay, John Kenneth. Building construction, Volume 4 / J.K. McKay ; Harlow, Essex : Longman Scientific & Technical, 1988.
• Seeley, Ivor H. Building technology 4th ed. Ivor H. Seeley Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire : Macmillan, 1993
![Page 26: Land Clearing](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061517/56814fcd550346895dbd90a0/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Group members
• Vicky Lam (QS) 50255268
• Tina Hui (QS) 50320673