Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

Publication No. FHWA-HRT-05-094

Land Use Regulations to Encourage Nonmotorized

Travel

Lesson 5

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

Lesson Outline• General elements of zoning and

subdivision regulation.• Development standards for commercial

areas.• Development standards for residential

areas.• Elements of a form-based code.

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

General Elements of Zoning and Subdivision Regulation

• Subdivision layout.• Cul-de-sacs.• Future extension of streets.• Staged implementation.• Internal circulation.

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

Commercial Development Standards

• Building orientation and facades.• Onsite circulation.• Access between developments.• Parking lots.

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

Source: PBIC (Dan Burden), www.pedbikeimages.org

Building Orientation

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

Onsite Circulation

Source: PBIC (Dan Burden), www.pedbikeimages.org

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

Source: PBIC (Dan Burden), www.pedbikeimages.org

Development Connections

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

Suburban Parking Lot Design

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

Source: PBIC (Dan Burden), www.pedbikeimages.org

Creative Parking Lot Design

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

• Connectivity.• Short cuts for pedestrians and bicyclists.• Pedestrian- and bicycle-oriented

streetscapes.• Streets with low vehicle speeds

(<32 km/h (<20 mi/h)).

Residential Design Standards

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

Source: PBIC (Dan Burden), www.pedbikeimages.org

Interconnectivity

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

Missed Connections

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

Source: PBIC, www.pedbikeimages.org

Cul-de-sacs

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

Source: PBIC (Dan Burden), www.pedbikeimages.org

Trail Connections

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

Source: PBIC (Dan Burden), www.pedbikeimages.org

Rear-Access Parking

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

Purpose of a Form-Based Code• To establish a basic prescription for good public

space along a street.

Source: Arlington County Form Based Code

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

• Building placement (height, distance from street, width).

• Streetscape standards.• Architectural standards.• Standards for other public spaces—

civic greens, pedestrian walkways, etc.

Elements of a Form-Based Code

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Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation

Lesson Summary

• Zoning and planning regulations can be effective tools in encouraging pedestrian and bicycle travel.

• Developers play a key role in accommodating and encouraging nonmotorized travel.

• There are a variety of strategies for achieving good design in residential and commercial areas.