landforms e.8.c.5 students know how geologic processes account for state and regional topography....
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LandformsLandforms
E.8.C.5 Students know how geologic processes account
for state and regional topography. E/S (DOK 2)
What are Landforms?
Cornell Notes in your Journal
Title/Questions Details/answers
Brown Blue
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Mountain A mountain is a very tall high, natural place on
Earth - higher than a hill. The tallest mountain on Earth is Mt. Everest.
Ex: Mt Charleston, &Boundary Peak
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Mountain Range Is a series of Mountains formed about the same
time and from similar rock. Ex: Sierra Nevada, Rocky Mts., & Spring Mts.
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• Definition: An opening in the earth, through which lava, rock, and gases are forced out
• There are more than 500 active volcanoes in the world
• Mount St. Helens
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Valley
A valley is a low place between mountains cut by water or ice.
U-Shaped by Glacier
V-Shaped by River
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Glacier A glacier is a slowly moving river of ice. They
cut “U” shaped valleys.
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Cliff A cliff is a steep
face of rock and sediment.
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Desert
A desert is a dry area that receives little to no precipitation.
Ex: Sahara, Mohave
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Canyon A canyon is a deep valley with very
steep sides - often carved by a river. Ex: Grand Canyon
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Alluvial fan Fan shaped area of sediment
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Mesa
A mesa is a land formation with a flat area on top and steep walls - usually occurring in dry areas
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PlateauA plateau is a
large, flat area of land that is higher than the surrounding land
Ex: Colorado Plateau
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Plains Plains are flat lands that have only
small changes in elevation. Ex: Great Plains
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Prairie A prairie is a wide, relatively flat area
of land that has grasses and only a few trees.
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Karst
Karst is a sinkhole formed by water erosion under the surface and then collapsing.
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Sea Level Sea Level is the
average height, or elevation, of the sea surface.
Ocean Large body of
salt water. Pacific Ocean
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Bay
A bay is a body of water that is partly enclosed by land (and is usually smaller than a gulf).
Ex: San Francisco Bay
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Cape
A cape is a pointed piece of land that sticks out into a sea, ocean, lake, or river.
Ex: Cape of Good Hope & Cavo De Haronos
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Harbor A naturally or
artificially protected basin on an ocean, lake, or river where ships may be anchored or docked without danger.
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Island
An island is a piece of land that is surrounded by water.
Ex: Guam
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Marsh A marsh is a type of
freshwater, brackish water or saltwater wetland that is found along rivers, pond, lakes and coasts. Marsh plants grow up out of the water.
Ex: Florida Everglades
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Swamp
A swamp is a type of freshwater wetland that has spongy, muddy land and a lot of water. Many trees and shrubs grow in swamps.
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Floodplain
Levee
Floodplain is a flat region of a valley floor located on either side of a river channel.
Man made area of land to hold back a river.
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Delta
A delta is a low, watery land formed at the mouth of a river. It is formed from the silt, sand and small rocks that flow downstream in the river and are deposited in the delta.
Ex: Mississippi Delta
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Great Barrier Reef
Area formed by Coral in warm tropical ocean, it may extend above the Ocean .
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Great Barrier Reef
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Topographical Maps
A 2D map using lines to represent the elevation change of the land.
3D view
2D view
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Contour linesContour lines are the curved lines on a topographical map that represent the change in elevation.
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Topographic ProfileIs a cross-section of a topographical map.
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Scale
1:24,000 scale 1:100,000 scale 1:125,000 scale
The scale of a map is the ratio of a distance on the map to the corresponding distance on the ground.