Language and Culture

How does language, symbols and people represent a particular

generation

Roaring 20’s

• Bee’s Knees-An extraordinary person, thing, idea; the ultimate

• Blind Date-going out with someone you don’t know• Bump Off-To kill someone• Big Cheese-Important person• Prohibition-outlaw of liquor• Red Scare-hysteria over radical movements like

communism• Art Deco-geometrical lines and shapes used in art

work • Suffrage-the right to vote

Roaring 20’s“The Lost Generation”

80’s and 90’s Vocab

• Cold War-Refers to a period of political, economic and ideological conflict with the east

• Iron Curtain-Referred to the closed society of the Soviet Block

• Mint-Cool• Radical-something that is considered fun• Solid-done well• Dude-an interjection expressing approval (multiple

meanings)

80’s and 90’sGeneration “X”

Generation Y

Name and describe three or four symbols, terminology, ideas, events, people, and

concepts to illustrate the styles and manners of today’s youth/culture?

Discussion Questions

When you think of the 20’s what comes to mind?

The Roaring 20’s

Ch 20-21

Policies of Republicans in the 1920’s

Foreign Policy • Isolationism - The policy of pulling away from

involvement in world affairs• Disarmament - Five great naval powers

scraped many of their battleships and cruisers

• Kellogg-Briand Pact - renounced war as a national policy

• Russian Revolution - U.S. helped in fighting against the red army after WWI– This will cause poor relations until the 1980’s

Policies of Republicans in the 1920’s

Domestic Policy• Red Scare - The panic that hit the United States causing

mass hysteria toward immigrants and socialists (Sacco and Vanzetti)

• Schenck v. U.S. – (1919) Allowed for government to sensor (violation of the 1ST Amendment) under clear and present danger

• Laissez Faire v. Keynes -– Laissez Faire means gov hands off economy– Keynes means gov spending to help economy

• Labor Strikes - More violent strikes will occur, almost destroying unions b/c linked with communism/anarchy

The Business of America

Ch 20 Sec 3

What am I????

What am I?????

Who am I????

Discussion Question

What are products in and around your house that make your life easier????

Car Culture

Name 5 industries might grow from the automobile industry?

AutomobilesEffects of the Invention or

Trend• Assembly Line• Helped economy boom• Spurred the building of so

many industries• Gave people greater

freedom• Led to urban sprawl

Company or Product• Ford’s Model T

Airplane IndustryEffects of the Invention or

Trend• New means of

transportation • Gave people greater

freedom

Company or Product• Lockheed Company• Pan American Airways

Alternating Electrical CurrentEffects of the Invention or

Trend• Made it possible to

distribute electric power over greater areas

• Electrified homes• Widespread use of

electrical appliances • Housework became

easier• Economic boom

Company or Product• Electric refrigerator• Washer/Dryer• Vacuum

Modern AdvertisingEffects of the Invention or

Trend• Created greater demand

for consumer goods• Turned luxury items into

necessities

Company or Product• Listerine

Installment PlanEffects of the Invention or

Trend• A payment plan that let

customers make partial payments until the total debt is paid off

• Led to false sense of prosperity/wealth

• 11% to 40% interest

Company or Product• Any new invention

Changing Ways of Life

Ch 21 Sec 1

Prohibition 1920 (18th and 21st Amendment)

Who supported prohibition at this

time?• Many progressive

reformers, religious groups, and rural communities

Why did they support it?• Led to crime, wife and

child abuse, accidents on the job, and other social problems

Prohibition 1920 (18th and 21st Amendment)

Who were opponents of Prohibition at this

time?• Immigrants,

Intellectuals, and urban communities

Why did they oppose it?• Didn’t consider drinking

sinful and resented government being involved in their lives

Prohibition 1920 (18th and 21st Amendment)

Why was Prohibition appealed?• It was very difficult to monitor, created more

violence, and many crime syndicates became very wealthy from it

Scopes “Monkey” Trial 1925

Who were Clarence Darrow’s main supporters?

• People who didn’t interpret the bible literally and people who believed in Darwinism

Why did they support him?• Believed in Darwin’s

theory of evolution• Concerned about growing

political power of fundamentalists

Scopes “Monkey” Trial 1925

Who were Bryan’s main supporters?

• Protestant fundamentalists

Why did they support him?

• Believed in creationism • Literal interpretation of

Genesis • Skeptical of science

Scopes “Monkey” Trial 1925

What was the outcome of the

case?• Scopes was found

guilty and fined $100

• Evolution became a more accepted idea

Revival of the KKK

Why and how does the Klan revive itself

• To go along with much of the populations anti-immigration feelings, membership begins to soar

• Distinguish themselves as a political group as a way to appeal to masses

• Violence towards ethnic and religious groups dwindles the numbers after 10 years of so called glory

The 20’s Women

Ch 21 Sec 2

Society in the 20’s

Social Life• Flapper Girls-women who went

against the norm (represents small percentage of women)

• Wore makeup• Dated• Bobbed hair or cut their hair short• Smoked and drank in public

Home Life• More products were readily

available for mothers• Women were still considered to

be mothers first • Birth rate became low

Work• Huge demand for workers• Women moved into more professional jobs• Discriminatory practices

Politics• Voted on national and local elections• Elected into public office for the first time

Negative affects that accompanied women’s changing roles in the 1920’s

• Pressures of juggling both work and family

• Adolescent rebellion • Conflict between new ideals and old

tradition • Inequality in the work place

Ch 21 Sec 3

Radio, movies, jazz music, and great American writers helped

make the 1920’s a time of creativity and cultural change

1. What similarities do you see between the images?2. What differences do you see between the images?3. What conflict is being suggested by the images?

Edward Hopper, Automat, 1927 John Sloan, 6th Ave Elevated, 1928

Radio

• Was the most powerful media of the 20’s

• Allowed to hear news as it was happening

Movies

• Offered viewers a means of escape (focused in romance and comedy)

• Movies started without sound but soon technology caught up

• Charlie Chaplin was the industries biggest star

Newspapers

• Growing mass media shaped culture

• Newspapers and magazines boasted circulation in the millions

• Focused on both foreign and domestic topics

Music

• Jazz Age • Combination of

instrumental ragtime and vocal blues

• Jazz quickly spread across the nation

Strange FruitSouthern trees bear strange fruit,Blood on the leaves and blood at the root,Black bodies swinging in the southern breeze, Strange fruit hanging from the poplar trees.

Pastoral scene of the gallant south,The bulging eyes and the twisted mouth,Scent of magnolias, sweet and fresh,Then the sudden smell of burning flesh.

Here is fruit for the crows to pluck,For the rain to gather, for the wind to suck,For the sun to rot, for the trees to drop,Here is a strange and bitter crop.

Billy Holiday

Literature

• 1920’s brought an outpouring of fresh and insightful (realism) writing that described the era

• Harlem Renaissance brought out many promising writers (Langston Hughes, Claude McKay, etc…)

• Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, etc…

Theatre

• Broke away from traditional themes• Plays reflected on isolationism,

confusion and cultural conflict

Beliefs and Goals of African Americans

W.E.B Du Bois/James

Weldon Johnson• Organization:

NAACP• Belief and Goals

– Encouraged peaceful protests against racial violence/racial segregation

– Campaigned for anti-lynching laws

– Use the law to get what you want

Marcus Garvey• Organization: UNIA• Beliefs and Goals

– Promoted message of pride among black people around the world

– Build separate/self sufficient communities

– Led a movement to build up African American self respect and economic power

Generation Y

Who is considered a hero in your generation?

Heroes of the 20’s

Charles Lindbergh

• Was the first person to fly nonstop across the Atlantic Ocean

Amelia Earhart

• First woman to fly across the Atlantic• Dies trying to fly around the world

Jack Dempsey

• Heavy weight boxer who was an icon for the decade

Babe Ruth

• Most exciting baseball player in history• 60 homeruns in a season• 714 total homeruns• 89-46 as a pitcher

Man O War

• Considered the greatest thoroughbred in history of racing

• Won 20 out of 21 races in his career

Gertrude Ederle

• Olympic gold medalist in 1924• First woman to swim across the English

Channel (35 miles)

Harry Houdini

• Magician and stunt performer that wowed the country