large-scale satellite oceanography in eastern pacific upwelling regions
DESCRIPTION
Large-scale Satellite Oceanography in Eastern Pacific Upwelling Regions. Andrew Thomas University of Maine Recent manuscript collaborators: Jose Luis Blanco, Mary Elena Carr, Scott Nixon, Jorge Ossus, Ted Strub. Valparaiso, January 2003. Interests - Overview. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Large-scale Satellite Oceanography in Eastern Pacific Upwelling Regions
Andrew Thomas
University of Maine
Recent manuscript collaborators:
Jose Luis Blanco, Mary Elena Carr, Scott Nixon, Jorge Ossus, Ted Strub
Valparaiso, January 2003
Interests - Overview• Coupling between wind forcing, hydrographic patterns and biological response
• Focus on phytoplankton biomass response
• Large-scale view (remote sensing data)
• requires collaboration - for in situ data
- expert local knowledge
- I don’t know much
• Comparisons between eastern boundary current regions
• California Current – Humboldt Current
• Benguela Current – Canary Current
• links to basin scale patterns & low latitude forcing (& high latitude forcing)
Backgroundmy South American efforts Older
Younger
Didn’t know much
Still don’t know much
Carr M-E., P.T. Strub, A.C. Thomas and J.L. Blanco, 2002, Evolution of 1996-1999 La Nina and El Nino conditions off the western coast of South America: a remote sensing perspective, J. Geophys. Res.
Blanco J.L., M-E. Carr, A.C. Thomas and P.T. Strub, 2002, Hydrographic conditions off northern Chile during the 1996-1998 La Nina and El Nino, J. Geophys. Res.
Thomas A.C., M.E. Carr and P. T. Strub, 2001, Chlorophyll variability in eastern boundary currents, Geophys. Res. Lett. Nixon, S.W. and A.C. Thomas, 2001, On the size of the Peru upwelling ecosystem. Deep Sea Res. I. Blanco J.L., A.C. Thomas, M-E. Carr and P.T. Strub, 2001, Seasonal climatology of hydrographic conditions in the
upwelling region off northern Chile, J. Geophys. Res.
Thomas A.C., J.L. Blanco, M.E. Carr, P.T. Strub and J. Ossus, 2001, Satellite-measured chlorophyll and temperature variability off northern Chile during the 1996-1998 La Nina and El Nino, J. Geophys. Res.
Thomas A.C., P. T. Strub, M.E. Carr and R. Weatherbee, 2003. Comparisons of chlorophyll variability between the four major global eastern boundary currents. Int. J. Rem. Sens.
Thomas, A.C. 1999, Seasonal distributions of satellite-measured phytoplankton pigment concentration along the Chilean coast. J. Geophys. Res.
Hill, A.E., B.M.Hickey, F.A.Shillington, P.T.Strub, K.H. Brink, E.D.Barton, A.C. Thomas, 1998. Eastern Boundary Currents: A Pan-Regional Review. In: The Sea. A.R. Robinson and K.H. Brink, Editors. J.Wiley and Sons Inc.
Thomas, A.C., P.T. Strub and S. Levesque. 1994. Satellite measured ocean color variability at large spatial and temporal scales. World Meteorological Organization, UNESCO.
Thomas, A.C., P.T. Strub, F. Huang and C. James. 1994. A comparison of the seasonal and interannual variabilityof phytoplankton pigment concentrations in the Peru and California Current System. J. Geophys. Res.
Carr M-E., P.T. Strub, A.C. Thomas and J.L. Blanco, 2002, Evolution of 1996-1999 La Nina and El Nino conditions off the western coast of South America: a remote sensing perspective, J. Geophys. Res.
Blanco J.L., M-E. Carr, A.C. Thomas and P.T. Strub, 2002, Hydrographic conditions off northern Chile during the 1996-1998 La Nina and El Nino, J. Geophys. Res.
Thomas A.C., M.E. Carr and P. T. Strub, 2001, Chlorophyll variability in eastern boundary currents, Geophys. Res. Lett.
Nixon, S.W. and A.C. Thomas, 2001, On the size of the Peru upwelling ecosystem. Deep Sea Res. Blanco J.L., A.C. Thomas, M-E. Carr and P.T. Strub, 2001, Seasonal climatology of hydrographic
conditions in the upwelling region off northern Chile, J. Geophys. Res. Thomas A.C., J.L. Blanco, M.E. Carr, P.T. Strub and J. Ossus, 2001, Satellite-measured
chlorophyll and temperature variability off northern Chile during the 1996-1998 La Nina and El Nino, J. Geophys. Res.
Seasonal Cycles - monthly SeaWiFS composites
February JulyBased on newest (2002) SeaWiFS processing
Seasonal Cycles – GRL 2001
SeaWiFS (3 years) CZCS (7 years)
Summer Centered in each Hemisphere
Amplitude Phase r2
Wind
CHL
summer summer
summer summer
~30o latitudinal boundaryNoted in CZCS data [Thomas 1999 JGR]
Very evident in SeaWiFS / Wind / SST data [Thomas et al. 2001 GRL]
….as Rubén showed yesterday with other data
Interannual Variability
3 years – GRL 2001
a preliminary view
Interannual VariabilitySeaWiFS (4 years)
- monthly CONCENTRATIONS
– 100km mean
1997 1998 1999 2000 20011997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Work in progress – presented at 2002 Ocean Sciences Meeting
SeaWiFS (4 years)
- monthly ANOMALIES
– 100km mean
Examine EL NIÑO Timing and structure
Work in progress – presented at 2002 Viña El Niño Conference
Compare Northern Hemisphere response to Southern Hemisphere response
multi-disciplinary satellite dataaltimeter anomalies – ERS & TOPEXSST anomalies – NOAA AVHRRchlorophyll anomalies – SeaWiFSEkman transport – ERS & QuikSCAT
El Nino Comparisons N & S: TimingALTIMETER: Sea Surface Height Residuals (1997-1998)
Low latitudes
Baja VS N.Chile
Mid latitudes
High Sea Levels
SeaWiFS Data Begins
1997 1998
Anomaly Time Series 1997-98
Baja VS N. Chile (~28N-22oS)
Data: Height (SSH)
N. Chile
Baja
1997 1998
Anomaly Time Series 1997-98
Baja VS N. Chile (~28N-22oS)
Data: Height (SSH) & SST
« @ 21oN
N. Chile
Baja
1997 1998
N. Chile
Baja
Anomaly Time Series 1997-98
Baja VS N. Chile (~28N-22oS)
Data: Height (SSH) & SST & CHL
1997 1998
N. Chile
Baja
Anomaly Time Series 1997-98
Baja VS N. Chile (~28N-22oS)
Data: Height (SSH) & SST & CHL & WIND (Ekman)
1997 1998
Anomaly Time Series 1997-98
MID Latitudes (~35o N&S)
Data: Height (SSH)
1997 1998
California
Chile
Anomaly Time Series 1997-98
MID Latitudes (~35o N&S)
Data: Height (SSH) & SST
California
Chile
1997 1998
Anomaly Time Series 1997-98
MID Latitudes (~35o N&S)
Data: Height (SSH) & SST & CHL
California
Chile
1997 1998
Anomaly Time Series 1997-98
MID Latitudes (~35o N&S)
Data: Height (SSH) & SST & CHL & Wind (EKMAN)
California
Chile
1997 1998
VARIABILITY ANALYSIS
21.4%
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
5 year time series of monthly SeaWiFS data
September 1997 October 1997 November 1997
Monthly anomalies
(from new [2002 processing] data)
December 1997 January 1998 February 1998
Monthly anomalies
(from new [2002 processing] data)
July 1998June 1998May 1998
Monthly anomalies
(from new [2002 processing] data)
Large Positive Anomalies off
North America in 2002 !!Presented at November 2002 GLOBEC meeting (Oregon)
April 2002
May 2002
EOF
(pattern)
EOF (time series)
SummaryData:
SeaWiFS & MODIS color
AVHRR & MODIS SST
QuikSCAT & ERS wind
TOPEX & ERS heights
gracias
So much to do…..so much fun….. Send students!