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www.preventioninstitute.org/UNITYwww.preventioninstitute.org/UNITY

Larry Cohen, MSW

Prevention Institute

“Violence is not the problem of one neighborhood or group, and the response and solutions are not the responsibility of one sector

of the community or of one agency, professional group, or business. Coming together and owning this problem and the

solutions are central.”-Dr. Deborah Prothrow-Stith, Harvard School of Public Health,

UNITY Co-Chair

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Born in West Oakland, an African American person Born in West Oakland, an African American person can expect to die almost 15 years earlier than a can expect to die almost 15 years earlier than a

White person born in the Oakland Hills.White person born in the Oakland Hills.

SOURCE: Life and Death from Unnatural Causes – Health and Social Inequity in Alameda County. Alameda County Public Health Department. August 2008

For every $12,500 in family income: One For every $12,500 in family income: One additional year life expectancyadditional year life expectancy

SOURCE: Life and Death from Unnatural Causes – Health and Social Inequity in Alameda County. Alameda County Public Health Department. August 2008

Los Angeles, CALos Angeles, CAAlbuquerque, Albuquerque, NMNM

Austin, Austin, TXTX

Boston, Boston, MAMA

Charlotte, NCCharlotte, NC

Cleveland, OHCleveland, OH

Columbus, OHColumbus, OH

El Paso, TXEl Paso, TXFort Worth, TXFort Worth, TX

Houston, TXHouston, TX Jacksonville, FLJacksonville, FL

Long Beach, CALong Beach, CAMemphis, TNMemphis, TN

Nashville, TNNashville, TN

New Orleans, LANew Orleans, LA

New York, NYNew York, NY

Oklahoma City, OKOklahoma City, OK

Philadelphia, PAPhiladelphia, PA

Phoenix, AZPhoenix, AZ

San Antonio, TXSan Antonio, TX

San Diego, CASan Diego, CATucson, AZTucson, AZ

Tulsa, OKTulsa, OK

Virginia Beach, VAVirginia Beach, VAWashington, DCWashington, DC

Honolulu Honolulu HIHI

Mesa, AZMesa, AZ

Baltimore, MDBaltimore, MD

Madison, MSMadison, MS

Atlanta, Atlanta, GAGA

Las Vegas, NVLas Vegas, NV

Oakland, CAOakland, CA

Dallas, TXDallas, TX

Chicago, Chicago, ILIL

Denver, CODenver, CO

Detroit, MIDetroit, MI

Kansas City, MOKansas City, MO

Milwaukee, WIMilwaukee, WI

Omaha, NEOmaha, NESan Francisco, CASan Francisco, CA

San Jose, CASan Jose, CA

Seattle, WASeattle, WA

Fresno, CAFresno, CA

Indianapolis, INIndianapolis, IN

Portland, ORPortland, OR

Sacramento, CASacramento, CA

www.preventioninstitute.org/UNwww.preventioninstitute.org/UNITYITY

New York Times

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Photo Courtesy of Latino Health AccessPhoto Courtesy of Latino Health Access

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Health Health OutcomeOutcome

BEHAVIORBEHAVIORBEHAVIORBEHAVIOR

ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT

What Causes Violence?What Causes Violence?A look at the root causes of violence

It is unreasonable to expect It is unreasonable to expect

that people will change their that people will change their

behavior behavior easilyeasily when so many when so many

forces in the social, cultural, and forces in the social, cultural, and

physical environment physical environment

conspire against such change.conspire against such change.

““

””Institute of MedicineInstitute of Medicine

NORMSsanction behavior

attitudes, beliefs, ways of being

based in culture & tradition

taken for granted

more than a habit

behavior shapers communicate regularity in behavior

UNITY RoadMapfor Preventing Violence Before it Occurs



Lead Partners:Lead Partners: Prevention Institute, Harvard Prevention Institute, Harvard School of Public Health, UCLA School of Public School of Public Health, UCLA School of Public Health SCIPRCHealth SCIPRC

Supported by:Supported by: Centers for Disease Control Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) & The California and Prevention (CDC) & The California Wellness FoundationWellness Foundation

National Consortium:National Consortium: Over 200 members Over 200 members from cities, national and state orgs, from cities, national and state orgs, CBOsCBOs

Who is UNITY?Who is UNITY?

Telephone interviews with key city informants in 15 of the 45 largest U.S. cities.


“An Assessment of Youth Violence Prevention Activities in USA Cities”

UNITY AssessmentUNITY Assessment

City MayorCity Mayor

Police Chief Police Chief

Public Health Director Public Health Director

School SuperintendentSchool Superintendent


Findings:

Youth violence is a serious issue for cities.

Responses are not perceived to be highly effective or adequate

Few reported using primary prevention to stop violence before itoccurs.

Informants lack a shared knowledge of existing youth violence prevention resources available in their city.

UNITY Assessment“An Assessment of Youth Violence Prevention Activities in USA Cities”


Findings:

Law enforcement and criminal justice are the most prevalent strategy used in the cities.

Public Health Departments are not generally included in city strategies.

Most cities cited a lack of comprehensive strategy.

Cities with the greatest coordinated approach also had the lowest rates of youth violence.

UNITY Assessment“An Assessment of Youth Violence Prevention Activities in USA Cities”

Education

Social Services

Interdisciplinary Collaboration

Health

Law Enforcement


UP FRONTPositive early care and educationPositive early care and education

Positive social and emotional developmentPositive social and emotional development

Social connections in neighborhoodsSocial connections in neighborhoods

Quality after school programmingQuality after school programming

Parenting skillsParenting skills

Youth leadershipYouth leadership

Quality educationQuality education

Economic developmentEconomic development

Cities’ Prioritized Strategies


IN THE THICKMentoringMentoring

Mental health servicesMental health services

Family support servicesFamily support services

Conflict resolution/interruptionConflict resolution/interruption

AFTERMATHMental health servicesMental health services

Successful reentrySuccessful reentry

Cities’ Prioritized Strategies

WHO?WHO? WHAT?WHAT?

HOW?HOW?

Strategic planStrategic planData & evaluationData & evaluation

FundingFunding

High

leve

l lea

ders

hip

High

leve

l lea

ders

hip

Coal

ition

s &

staf

fing

Coal

ition

s &

staf

fing

Com

mun

ity e

ngag

emen

t

Com

mun

ity e

ngag

emen

t

Training & capacity

Training & capacity--buildingbuilding

Programs, practices & policies

Programs, practices & policies

Comm

unication

Comm

unication

UNITY RoadmapA Comprehensive Framework


Training Capacity

CHAPTER 14Strengthening the Collaboration between Public Health and Criminal Justice to Prevent ViolenceBy Deborah Prothrow-Stith

Healthy Healthy Eating &Eating &Physical Physical ActivityActivity

Safety & Safety & Violence Violence

PreventionPrevention

Shifting the Focus in Violence Prevention

Forming Broader Partnerships to Achieve Healthier Communities

Blueprint for Action:Blueprint for Action: Preventing Preventing Youth Violence In MinneapolisYouth Violence In Minneapolis

Connect all youth to trusted adults

Intervene at the first sign of risk for violence

Restore youth who have gone down the wrong path

Unlearn the culture of violence


Blueprint for Action: Preventing Youth Violence In Minneapolis

Juvenile justice rates down 40% in 2 years


Chicago: Conflict Mediation

Chicago: CeaseFire

U.S. DEPT OF JUSTICE INDEPENDENT EVALUATION

THREE YEAR STUDY, FOUR UNIVERSITIES FOUR TYPES OF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

16 - 28% drops in shootings, killings, attributable by time series 15 - 40% decreases in shooting density85 - 99% helped highest risk clients 100% less retaliation murders in 5 of 8 communities 41-73% drops in shootings and killings in CeaseFire zones

PROVEN METHOD TO REDUCE SHOOTINGS AND KILLINGS, IMPROVE NEIGHBORHOOD SAFETY

RESULTSHOT SPOTS – ENGLEWOOD

Before CeaseFire After CeaseFire

USING THE MAYOR'S USING THE MAYOR'S BULLY PULPITBULLY PULPITMinneapolisMinneapolis

USING FEDERAL USING FEDERAL PARTNERSHIPSPARTNERSHIPS

New OrleansNew Orleans

INCORPORATING A INCORPORATING A YOUTH VOICEYOUTH VOICE

NashvilleNashvilleSan DiegoSan Diego

FOSTERING SUSTAINABLE FOSTERING SUSTAINABLE NEIGHBORHOOD STRATEGIESNEIGHBORHOOD STRATEGIES

MAKING THE MAKING THE ECONOMIC CASEECONOMIC CASE

Los AngelesLos Angeles

RESPONDING TO RESPONDING TO A CRISIS A CRISIS

ClevelandCleveland

USING DATAUSING DATABoston Boston

BALLOT INITIATIVES BALLOT INITIATIVES FOR SUSTAINABLE FOR SUSTAINABLE REVENUE SOURCESREVENUE SOURCES

OaklandOaklandPhiladelphia Philadelphia USING STATE USING STATE

MONEYMONEY

Local Violence Prevention Efforts

Los Angeles, CALos Angeles, CAAlbuquerque, Albuquerque, NMNM

Austin, Austin, TXTX

Boston, Boston, MAMA

Charlotte, NCCharlotte, NC

Cleveland, OHCleveland, OH

Columbus, OHColumbus, OH

El Paso, TXEl Paso, TXFort Worth, TXFort Worth, TX

Houston, TXHouston, TX Jacksonville, FLJacksonville, FL

Long Beach, CALong Beach, CAMemphis, TNMemphis, TN

Nashville, TNNashville, TN

New Orleans, LANew Orleans, LA

New York, NYNew York, NY

Oklahoma City, OKOklahoma City, OK

Philadelphia, PAPhiladelphia, PA

Phoenix, AZPhoenix, AZ

San Antonio, TXSan Antonio, TX

San Diego, CASan Diego, CATucson, AZTucson, AZ

Tulsa, OKTulsa, OK

Virginia Beach, VAVirginia Beach, VAWashington, DCWashington, DC

Honolulu Honolulu HIHI

Mesa, AZMesa, AZ

Baltimore, MDBaltimore, MD

Madison, MSMadison, MS

Atlanta, Atlanta, GAGA

Las Vegas, NVLas Vegas, NV

Oakland, CAOakland, CA

Dallas, TXDallas, TX

Chicago, Chicago, ILIL

Denver, CODenver, CO

Detroit, MIDetroit, MI

Kansas City, MOKansas City, MO

Milwaukee, WIMilwaukee, WI

Omaha, NEOmaha, NESan Francisco, CASan Francisco, CA

San Jose, CASan Jose, CA

Seattle, WASeattle, WA

Fresno, CAFresno, CA

Indianapolis, INIndianapolis, IN

Portland, ORPortland, OR

Sacramento, CASacramento, CA

www.preventioninstitute.org/UNwww.preventioninstitute.org/UNITYITY

“Violence is not the problem of one neighborhood or group, and the response and solutions are not the

responsibility of one sector of the community or of one agency, professional group, or business. Coming

together and owning this problem and the solutions are central.”

-Dr. Deborah Prothrow-Stith, Harvard School of Public Health

221 Oak Street221 Oak StreetOakland, California 94607Oakland, California 94607

phone: (510) 444phone: (510) 444--77387738fax: (510) 663fax: (510) 663--12801280

www.preventioninstitute.org/unitywww.preventioninstitute.org/[email protected]@preventioninstitute.org

larry cohen, msw prevention institute - who · america’s next top model photoshoot. photo...

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