latest developments in hamamatsu large format pmts
DESCRIPTION
Latest developments in Hamamatsu Large Format PMTs. VLVnT09 in October, 2009 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Electron Tube Division Yuji Hotta. Contents. 1. Profile of Hamamatsu 2. Developmental status for Large Format PMTs - 12 inch PMT - High QE - New photocathode - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Latest developments in Hamamatsu Large Format
PMTsVLVnT09 in October, 2009
Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.
Electron Tube Division
Yuji Hotta
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Contents
1. Profile of Hamamatsu2. Developmental status for Large Format PMTs - 12 inch PMT - High QE - New photocathode for low temperature operation
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Profile of Hamamatsu
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Where we are locatedWhere we are located
Hamamatsu is a name of a city.HONDA, YAMAHA and SUZUKI(famous motor cycle companies) are located in the same area.
Population : 824K (as of September, 2009)
KAWAI
ROLAND
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
JAPAN
Japanese Standard MAP
Global Network of Global Network of HamamatsuHamamatsu
EuropeUSA
(Subsidiaries)
(Subsidiaries)
GREECE
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Established : Sept 29, 1953Employees : 2,580(As of Sept. 08)Net Sales : \99B ($950M)(FY2008)
Electron Tube DivisionElectron Tube DivisionSolid Sate DivisionSolid Sate Division Systems DivisionSystems Division
Laser GroupLaser GroupCentral Research LabCentral Research Lab
Hamamatsu Photonics Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.K.K.
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Developmental status for Large Format PMTs
- 12 inch PMT- High QE- New photocathode for low temperature operation
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
8 inch 10 inch13 inch
20 inchApplication :Neutrino Experiment
Large Format PMTsLarge Format PMTs
too large!
too expensive!too small!
Experiment Name Type Number PMT Size Quantity
NESTOR R8055 13 inch 160
ANTARES R7081-20 10 inch 900
NEMO R7081SEL 10 inch 90
AMANDA R5912-02 8 inch 800
ICECUBE R7081-02 10 inch 5,300
ICECUBE/Deep Core R7081-02MOD 10 inch 400
Double-CHOOZ R7081MOD-ASSY 10 inch 800
Daya Bay R5912ASSY 8 inch 2,250
RENO R7081ASSY 10 inch 890
KamLAND R7250 20 inch 1,200
IMB R4558 8 inch 2,000
SNO R1408 8 inch 8,700
Kamiokande R1449-01 20 inch 1,000
Super-Kamiokande R3600-05 20 inch 11,200
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Development ofDevelopment of 12 inch 12 inch PMTPMT
Items 12-inch PMTR7081
10-inch PMTR5912
8-inch PMT
Diameter 305 mm 253 mm 202 mm
Effective Area 275 mm min. 220 mm min. 190 mm min.
Tube Length 330 mm 245 mm 220 mm
Dynodes LF/10-stage LF/10-stage LF/10-stage
Applied Voltage 2000 V 1500 V 1500 V
GAIN 1.0E+07 1.0E+07 1.0E+07
T.T.S. (FWHM) 2.7 ns 2.9 ns 2.4 ns
P/V Ratio 2.5 2.5 2.5
Dark Counts 10,000 cps 7,000 cps 4,000 cps
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Development of 12 inch Development of 12 inch PMTPMT
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Development ofDevelopment of 12 inch 12 inch PMTPMT
12 inch PMT
Some spacefor divider
17 inchGlass Sphere
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Development of 12 inch Development of 12 inch PMTPMT
10 inch PMT 12 inch PMT
NEW!
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Development ofDevelopment of 12 inch 12 inch PMTPMT12 inch PMT V- Gain
1E+03
1E+04
1E+05
1E+06
1E+07
1E+08
1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500
SUPPLY VOLTAGE [V]
GA
IN
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Development ofDevelopment of 12 inch 12 inch PMTPMT
12 inch PMT Example QE data
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
200 300 400 500 600 700 800Wavelength [nm]
Qua
ntum
Effi
cien
cy [
%]
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Development ofDevelopment of 12 inch 12 inch PMTPMT
Supply Voltage : 2000 V
Rise Time : 4.0 ns 100 mV / Div , 10ns / Div
Fall Time : 6.7 ns
12inch PMT WAVEFORM
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Development ofDevelopment of 12 inch 12 inch PMTPMT12 inch PMT Cathode Uniformity
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
-90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Position angle [degree]
Rel
ativ
e O
utpu
t [%
]
X-AXIS
Y-AXISDate : 2009.09.11
Serial No. : ZN0038Spot Dia. : 5 [mm]
Wavelength : 410 [nm]Supply Voltage : 150 [V]
Y
X+-
+
-
D y 1
D y 2
( T O P V I E W )
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Development ofDevelopment of 12 inch 12 inch PMTPMT12 inch PMT Anode Uniformity
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
-90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Position angle [degree]
Rel
ativ
e O
utpu
t [%
]
X-AXIS
Y-AXISDate : 2009.09.11
Serial No. : ZN0038Spot Dia. : 5 [mm]
Wavelength : 410 [nm]Supply Voltage : 1920 [V]
Y
X+-
+
-
D y 1
D y 2
( T O P V I E W )
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Developmental status for Large Format PMTs
- 12 inch PMT- High QE- New photocathode for low temperature operation
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
High QE Bialkali PhotocathodeHigh QE Bialkali Photocathode
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Definition of SBA/UBA
R9880New TO-8 typeMetal Package
R7600/R89001 inch SquareMetal Package
Min. Typ.
Photocathode(suffix)
Available Products
Ultra Bialkali"UBA" (-200)
38% 43%R7600/R8900
(Metal Package PMT)
QE at peakwavelength
Super Bialkali"SBA"
(-100/-110)32% 35%
R7600/R8900/R9880(Metal Package PMT)
1-1/8"-5"Glass Bulb types
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
R7081 (10” PMT) with High R7081 (10” PMT) with High QEQE
Example QE data R7081 (10 inch)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Wavelength [nm]
Qua
ntum
Effi
cien
cy [
%] High QE Type
Champion Data
35.8 % at 380 nm
Standard
26 % at 380 nm
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
R7081 (10” PMT) with High R7081 (10” PMT) with High QEQE
R7081HQE QE Histogram
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
- 32.5 - 33.0 - 33.5 - 34.0 - 34.5 - 35.0 35 -
QE [%] at 380 nm
Nu
mb
er
of
Tu
be
s (
pc
s)
Average : 34%Sample : 404 pcs
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Developmental status for Large Format PMTs
- 12 inch PMT- High QE- New photocathode for low temperature operation
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Development of Photocathode for Low
Temperature
Photocathode with Al pattern
Photocathode with Pt underlay QE becomes low due to decrease of transmittance
• Purpose of development– Dark matter experiment
– Liquid Xe : -110 deg. C / 175 nm emission
– Liquid Ar : -186 deg. C / 128 nm emission to be converted to 420 nm photons by WLS
1/40
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Example QE datafor R5912 (8 inch) Pt
underlay
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Wavelength [nm]
Qua
ntum
Effi
cien
cy [
%]
Low QE
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
QE data of New Photocathode
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Cathode Linearity of New Photocathode
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
R5912 (8 inch) with new photocathode
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Wavelength [nm]
Qua
ntum
Effi
cien
cy [
%]
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Summary
- Hamamatsu has been developing 12 inch PMT. Some sample PMTs will be available next year.
- Hamamatsu continues to improve QE.- Hamamatsu has found new photocathode for
low temperature operation. We are trying to apply the new photocathode for large format PMTs.
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
END
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Back Up
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Metal Package PMTs
Metal Channel DynodesMicro processing technology
FeaturesCompact, Fast Time Response Position SensitiveImmunity to magnetic field
<Cross-section>
Array of LinearFocused Dynode
1 mm
1 mm
R9880
R7600
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
R7600 & R8900 Various Anode Types
4 channelsM4 (2x2)
16 channelsM16 (4x4)
64 channelsM64 (8x8)
Cross-Plate
C12 (6+6)(R7600-M64 only) (R8900-C12 only)
X
Y
18.0 mm
25.7 mm
23.5 mm
26.2 mm
WI NDOWWI NDOW
Difference of R7600 & R8900
R7600 (R5900)
R8900
Multi-anodeFiber Coupling
ImagingRICH
Focusing
Proximity
MCD
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
0
10
20
30
40
50
200 300 400 500 600 700
Wavelength [nm]
Qua
ntum
Effi
cien
cy [
%]
Latest Data of R7600-200 (UBA)
<<Specification>>Typical : 43 %Minimum : 38 %at peak Wavelength
Example data with 10 tubes
41%~45%
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Conventional PMTs with SBA
R6231-100
(2 inch)
R3998-100(1-1/8 inch)
R6233-100
(3 inch)For Better Energy Resolution
Applications:Radiation detectionGamma CameraRadiation Probe
R877-100 (5”) is now available!
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Energy Resolution vs. QEQE at 380 nm vs Energy Resolution (LaBr3 + Cs137)
y = 13.671x-0.4096
R2 = 0.9019
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
20 25 30 35 40 45QE at 380 nm (% )
Energ
y R
eso
luti
on (
FWH
M)
(%)
R7600
R7600-100 (SBA)
R7600-200 (UBA)
R3998-100 (SBA)
Radiation Source : Cs137 (662KeV)Scintillator : LaBr3 0.5"dia x 0.5"Supply Voltage : 400-500V (R3998-100) 800V (R7600)
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
HPD Compared with PMTHPD Compared with PMT<HPD>
EB GAIN : 1000~2000
AD GAIN : 30~100
<PMT>
DYNODE GAIN : 3~10
GAIN = 4x4x4x…x4x4x4
Total gain: ~1x105
AD (Avalanche Diode)
Total gain: ~1x106
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Pulse Height DistributionPulse Height Distribution<HPD>
<PMT>
Prime Feature : Good Pulse Height DistributionPrime Feature : Good Pulse Height Distribution
1pe
2pe
3pe
4pe
5pe
K-APD = 12KV 1pe
2pe
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
Large Format HPDLarge Format HPD
330mm
13 inches
280mm
<Collaboration>The Univ. of Tokyo and JST (JAPAN SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY AGENCY)
Development will beDevelopment will befinished by spring 2012finished by spring 2012
AD Target : 5mm TTS(FWHM) : 440 ps
Copyright © Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. All Rights Reserved.
EB Gain and Avalanche EB Gain and Avalanche GainGain
13 inch HPD13 inch HPDTotal : 2.3e+05Total : 2.3e+05