latest proposal lab 2.docx
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
1/23
BODY IMAGE
(SELF ACCEPTANCE)PROPOSAL ON GROUP COUNSELING LAB 2
LECTURER : DR SALMI BINTI AHMAD SUDAN
SECTION : 1
MASRIJAH BINTI MASIR 1110902
SITI HAJAR BINTI MOHD RAIS 1115836
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
2/23
1.0 Introduction
In Malaysia, both genders male and female are very concern about their body image and
most them having body image dissatisfaction. Body image issues are associated with concern
about shape and weight, although they may also relate to concerns about other physical features
or body parts. Moreover, weight lost is widely believed to be the solution to body image
problems and indeed, one of the sources of unhappiness in life. Most of the people suffering this
issue want a quick result by quick fix fad diet (any techniques that will help person to lose their
weight) solutions and etreme weight loss behaviors that bring another issues which is health
issues, ineffective and associated with the development of eating disorders such as binge eating,
bulimic disorders and obesity.
!he connection between physical health and body image is fundamental because how we
feel about our bodies affects how we will ultimately treat out bodies, particularly in what we
choose to eat. !he study conducted by Mc"arland # $aminski, %&&'livardia, *ope,
Borowiecki, # +ohane, %&& indicated that there is significant relationship between body image
dissatisfaction and dietary restraint, overeating, over eercising and the development of eating
disorders.
-owever, in this issue we cannot easily blaming those who are suffering because the
distress associated with body image is related to our societys rigid beauty ideals. Both society
and media have portray a thin women as ideal body and beautiful for women while an athletic
and lean body are ideal for men. *eople believed that this physical appearance attributes to bring
happiness, attractiveness, success, control, moral virtue and career in life.
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
3/23
*sychological research confirms that /niversity students are the most group of people
who are suffering in body image tend to do not perform well in academic, have low self0esteem,
high self0critiques, lack of confidents and do not sociali1e with others. !his is the reason, this
program is proposed to help the sufferers to overcome their issues and have a good impression
towards themselves.
2.0 Literature review
Both teenagers and early adult are concern with their appearance. 2fter gone through
many developmental changes in life including physical and emotional changes, they try to
manifest their self in interesting ways, also factors like emergence of dating relationships, school
transition and contradictory gender role epectations. 2ll that factors seem to develop their
thinking in negative ways. 2s a result lead to body image dissatisfaction, which can the lead to
another issue which is eating disorders. -owever, there are several interventions can be used to
overcome this issue.
3esearch conducted by wade, 4avidson, # 4ea, in %&&% and Bardick et al in %&& has
shown that the primary prevention is crucial to keep students from developing wrong
interpretation about body image and also decreasing the risk factors and at the same time
increasing the protective factors. Moreover, prevention through education might be more
effective if it focuses on the development of thinking skills, from that they are enable to eamine
or differentiate media messages and unhealthy behaviors instead of influenced by it. (Bardick et
al, %&&).
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
4/23
"urther, preventive education efforts should also on other risk factors, include low self0
esteem and self0worth. (*helphs et al, %&&&). !he main goal of preventive education program is
to develop positive self0esteem, self0efficacy and a healthy body image, in addition to the
personal and socials skills needed in teenagers to counter the risk factors for developing body
image dissatisfaction.
5essions from !he body *ro6ect in %&&7 by 83I+ 5tice and $atherine *resnell were used
to improve body image satisfaction and acceptance. !his is based on cognitive dissonance theory
based intervention that designed to reduce the pressure to conform to a thin body type and to
reduce the use of unhealthy weight control behavior. !his intervention proposes to reduce
dissonance or uncomfortable feeling. In this intervention, participants are encouraged to question
and critique thin ideal through a series of eercises that produce cognitive dissonance, which is
resolved by decreasing the intensity of the belief that thin is ideal and beautiful. ("eldman,
!orino # 5wift, %&99)
3.0 Rationale
!he philosophy of this specific group is to raise the awareness on body image
dissatisfaction and teach self0worth for clients. !he goal is to help sufferers overcome obstacles
with eating, body image, self0confidence, and control along with other personal and group issues
also to minimi1e their self0critiques regarding their body image. 5ufferers will be able to gain
support from peers as well as professionals. !he target groups are from undergraduate students,
who are often dealing with image dissatisfaction issue.
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
5/23
Moreover, this group counseling proposed due to many factors, not only focuses on
awareness but also the preventive part. !his issue is getting crucial and time by time many
female students seem to be affected by this issue. 2lso, this thing affect their daily life, including
their health issue.
4espite that, this thing is one of the factors that affecting female student in academic
achievement and their social skills. :ith this group counseling, we can improve the life of
sufferers.
4.0 Objectives
By the end of this group counseling,
9. !o support clients to reassess and change dysfunctional thoughts, attitudes, feeling and
behavior.
%. !o foster more positive body image satisfaction and attitude to weight and shape with
encouragement for weight gain and healthy eating.
;. !o develop clients self0esteem, self0awareness, self0motivation and self0worth.
.0 !tructure and or"ani#ation of t$e "rou%.
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
6/23
!o ensure privacy and clients comfortable, the group meetings should be held in quiet and
private location. !his group counseling will be conducted in +*4 in Institute of 8ducation,
II/M.
>.% Membership
In group counseling, si1e of group is an important aspect. 5ince this is counseling group, the
maimum number of members is not more than eight members to have a conducive sessions and
all the members feel comfortable. 4uring the screening process, = members will be selected but
only of them will 6oin the session. !he reason for select = members and choose only so that
the group counseling still can be conducted if there is members withdraw and replace with the
reserved members, and they will be informed regarding this.
>.; . ?round rules
In this group counseling, there are few rules should be followed by the members to achieve the
goals, to protect the members and also to ensure the sessions are going smoothly.
?round rules to be followed by all members@
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
7/23
9. +onfidentiality is to be honored at all times ecept for the purposes of ethical or legal
issues.%. +lients are epected to attend all sessions and be on time because their absence affects
the entire group.;. +lients are epected to be respectful of others and to share their feelings, thoughts, and
reactions in an appropriate and sensitive way to create an environment of trust in which
work can take place.
. +lients must refrain from using drugs and alcohol during meeting times.
>. +lients are epected to participate to the etent that they feel comfortable and safe in
doing so.
=. +lients are epected to engage in 6ournaling during and between sessions.
>.> Informed +onsent
!his is crucial for clients to be aware of the potential risks and benefits of counseling
(2?*2, %&&=). +lients will be advised of both the right and responsibilities of being group
members during the pre interview. 4uring the initial interview participants will be asked to sign
the consent form. Members should feel they have enough information to determine to continue
the session. (2ppendi 9)
>.= +ounselor +ompetence
2ccording to +orey # +orey (%&&=), it is important to consider is Awho is qualified to
lead this type of group with this type of population. It is necessary for the group leader to be
knowledgeable on this issue, have eperience dealing with female adults. In order to ensure the
ethical standards of competence are met. Moreover, group leader must have adequate skills and
speciali1ed eperience in body image issues.
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
8/23
>.7 !arget *opulation
In order to qualify for this group, participants must be female and undergraduate students
of International Islamic /niversity Malaysia, II/M. +onsideration will be only given to
participants who are able enough to benefit from group work.
>.C 3ecruitment procedures
It will be held in early of March %&9 and the deadline of recruitment will be on % ndweek
of March %&9.
pen recruitment@ *oster will be posted in center of university, in Mahallah and ID5!84
building.
Intake by phone for the members enrolled
Intake interview in office will be arranged if needed.
>.' 5creening procedures
!he pre group interview is the essential aspects on this group counseling. 8ach
prospective member will meet during the first two weeks of March. !his is because to ensure the
maimum level of safety, confidentiality, functioning and achieving goals. !he ma6or parts of
conducting pre group interview are to assess the most appropriateness individuals for the group.
!he leader or co0leader will shape the interview to obtain general demographic background,
psychological and developmental history and some understanding of the clients views of group
counseling services.
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
9/23
>.9& 5essions
&irst !ession
'i(e '$e(es )ctivit* Objectives of t$e session
& minutes :elcome #
check in
Introduce yourself,
welcome participants #
discuss the focus of the
group today.
+reate ground rules and
review confidentiality
information on flipchart while addressing
how to avoid
comparisons within the
members.
Ice+breaker
8ngage the clients in an
ice breaker activity to
facilitate relationship
building and increase
comfort among
members (2ppendi %)
*rocess the activity
after completation
using questions such as
@9. -ow did it feel to share
information about
yourselfE
%. 4o you feel you know
anyone a little betterE
9. +reate ground rules
and review
confidentiality.
%. 2ll members get to
know one another.
;. *rovide an
overview of what
can be epected
over the remaining
sessions.
. 8plain group
process and
uncover member
epectations.
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
10/23
;& minutes 4escribe how group
counseling can be
beneficial for group
members
4iscuss members
epectations
8plain the role of
leader
4iscuss reflection and
self0reporting
%& minutes :rap up -ave participants
complete session
evaluation (2ppendi;) 2ddress any questions
or comments
!ession 2
'i(e '$e(es )ctivit* Objective of t$e session
9& minutes :elcome #
+heck in
:elcome members #
discuss the focus of the
group
3eview ground rules
#confidentiality
information from the
"irst session interview.
-ave each member
introduce herself#
complete the phraseAwhen I think about
being in this group for
the net > weeks, Ifeel..
2ddress any questions
that arise
9. !o develop
cohesion among
members.
%. !o create group
and personal goals
for the remaining
session.
;. !o identify labels
that can hold us
back from
succeeding.
%> minutes 8ducation #
*ersonal goals
"acilitate a discussion
on some facts # myths
about body image
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
11/23
based on handout
(myth# realities of
body image )
(2ppendi )
2sk questions such as
9. -ow does this material
apply to youE
%. 4id you learn anything
you didnt know
beforeE
%& minutes )
2ddress any questions
or comments.
!ession 3
'i(e '$e(es )ctivit* Objective of t$e session
9& minutes :elcome #
check in
:elcome participants
# provide a brief
overview of the ground
to be covered in the
session, leaving it
fleible for any issues
that arise.
Brief review of ground
rules # confidentiality
-ave each membercomplete the phrase
AIm feeling FFFFFFF
about being here this
morning
9. !o learn about
body image and
the connection to
our thoughts and
feeling.
%. !arget perfectionist
thoughts with
+B!.
%> minutes Dobodys perfect 8ngage the girls in a
discussion about the
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
12/23
logistics of being
perfect # where they
acquired their beliefs
about perfectionism.(2ppendi =)
!o illustrate the
consequences of
perfectionism # then
work to recreate more
appropriate thoughts,
feelings, # activities
around these beliefs.
*rocess this eercise as
a group. /se questions
such as9. :hat did you learn
about yourself from
this activityE%. :hat did you learn
from others in the
groupE
;. -ow does it feel to
share this eperience
with othersE
. :hat impact does
perfectionism have on
your body imageE
%& minutes 5elf0Image :ork through the
material in the handout
on Abody image,
answering questions
that arise.(2ppendi 7)
5how the video clip
from the 4ove
campaign for realbeauty site
mGwatchE
vHpa6MyJ?k
9& minutes :rap0up -ave participants
complete session
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XpaOjMXyJGkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XpaOjMXyJGkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XpaOjMXyJGkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XpaOjMXyJGkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XpaOjMXyJGkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XpaOjMXyJGk -
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
13/23
evaluation
(2ppendi C)
2ddress any questions
or comments.
,.0 Li(itation
!here are two things lack in this group counseling. "irst is the target group, in tertiary
education, students are busy with their study and assignment, to give commitment for = weeks
will not make them interested to 6oin this group session. +onfidentiality aspects one of the reason
they do not want to 6oin. 5tudents have developed understanding that counseling for problematic
person only, also they might be ashamed to admit that they have body image issue. Because
those who are engage with certain issue are in denial with their issue and try not to accept it.
5econd is time constraint, = times session is a short term period to conduct a session.
!hose are lingerie with this issue for years will not get easily change their perspectives towards
their body image
-.0 valuation
!he evaluation of group counseling is fundamental for both the individual group
eperience and the ongoing development of this group program. 2ccording to !rot1er (%&&=), the
effectiveness of individual sessions and the overall effectiveness of the group eperience can be
accessed through member evaluation, group process evaluation, self and other reports of
outcome, and co0leader evaluation. In the every session, the leader will distribute a weekly self0
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
14/23
report evaluation. But in the last session, the leader will distribute different kind of evaluation
form.
/.0 onclusion
2s a conclusion, the etremely rigid weight and body shape ideals prevail, a large
proportion of the large population.
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
15/23
)%%endix 1
INFORMED CONSENT
!he benefits from group therapy can be many. 8nhancement of basic social skills (body
language, engaging peers, impulse control, decision making skills.), increased awareness of how
ones behaviors impact relationships, better coping skills and a sense of validation amongst peers
are all possible outcomes.
?roup counseling may involve the risk of remembering unpleasant events and arouse
intense emotions of aniety, sadness, anger, depression and catharsis might be happened during
the session .:ithin certain limits, information revealed by participants in group counseling will
be kept strictly confidential by the leader (counselor) and will not be revealed to any person
outside of the group or to any outside agency without your written permission. 2n inherent risk
with group counseling is the confidentialit* of infor(ation disclosed, as all group members
verbally agree to hold information disclosed as confidential but law and ethics do not bind this
agreement.
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
16/23
!here are certain situations in which, as a counselor, I am required by law to reveal
information obtained during any form of therapy to other persons or agencies. !hese situations
are as follows@
9) if you are a threat of grave bodily harm or death to self or another person,
%) if I become aware of a situation of neglect or harm of a minor or an elderly individual,
;) if a court of law issues a legitimate subpoena, andGor
) you are a court0referred client.
If I believe there is risk of you harming someone else or self0inflicting harm, I am not
mandated, but have an ethical responsibility to give this information to appropriate persons in
order to obtain the best care for you and those you may harm.
2dditionally, information may be shared with others therapists associated with this
corporation andGor with supervisors, all of whom are bound by the same confidentiality laws.
2 licensed counselor or a counselor assistant may conduct groups. 2 licensed counselor
will provide supervision tocounselor assistants. If there are any concerns or questions regarding
counselor assistants please contact me at &9'>CC>779.
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
17/23
)%%endix 2
Adolescent Consent for Group Participation
I FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, give my consent for participation and any necessary assessment for
membership in the FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF group beginning I have been made aware of the
purpose of the group as well as the potential risks and benefits of my participation. !he
importance of confidentiality and its limits have been discussed with me. I am aware that
participation in this group is voluntary and that I have the right to withdraw at any time. I further
consent to the sharing of information between the groups facilitator and my counselor, for the
purpose of giving me the best possible care. I agree to follow the guidelines and ground rules
discussed with me during the pre0group meeting, promise to respect others in their sharing, and
work hard during and between sessions on my counseling goals.
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
18/23
*articipant 5ignature @ 4ate @
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
)%%endix 3
1. I made progress toward my personal goals in group counseling. 5 4 3 2 1
2. I can work more effectively on my personal problems. 5 4 3 2 1
3. I can better understand my problemsGissues. 5 4 3 2 1
4. I can better communicate my thoughts and feelings. 5 4 3 2 1
5. I am more sensitive to, and accepting of, differences in others. 5 4 3 2 1
6. I feel that I can better handle my feelings and behavior. 5 4 3 2 1
7. I have healthier relationships with others 5 4 3 2 1
valuation &or(
:e would like your feedback on your group eperience. !his information is voluntary and willbe kept confidential. :e appreciate your honesty and ask that you do not put your name on the
sheet so that your responses will remain anonymous. Kour feedback will help us improve our
group counseling services. "ill out the form and return it to your group leader.
Session :
D!"e :
C.:hat didnt you like or how might the group be changedEFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
'.-ow could the group counselorGleader improveE
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
19/23
9&."urther comments on any of the above scales or about your group eperience at the counseling
sessionE
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
!hank you for completing the form.
)%%endix 4
valuation &or(
Please fill in as honestly as possible.
No names are needed - it is totally confidentialand anonymous.
Your answers will help us to make changes to improve the sessions.
5ession @ FFFFF 4ate @ FFFFFFF
1) Have you enjoyed the sessions?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
What in particular have you enjoyed
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
What in particular have you notenjoyed
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
2) Do you feel you have benefited from the sessions?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
20/23
!f Yes,can you try to say in what way
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
!f No,can you try to say why
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
3) f the sessions !ere run a"ain, !hat !ould you chan"e?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
#) f the sessions !ere run a"ain, is there anythin" else you !ould include?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
$) %ny other comments on the session?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
&) s there anythin" that you !ould li'e the "rou( to do, follo!in" on from these sessions?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
) *hat !ould you, as an individual, li'e to do, follo!in" on from these sessions?
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
"hank You for taking the time to complete the form.
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
21/23
)%%endix
valuation &or(
RO 5)L)'IO6
2nswer these questions as honestly and unbiased as possible. 2ny area for which you checked
ADo indicates that it is an area that might need improvement.
7eetin" Location 8
9. Is the meeting location convenient and safeE LKes L Do
%. Is the meeting time consistent and convenientE LKes L Do
;. 4o you usually begin the meetings on timeE LKes L Do
. 4o you usually end your meetings on timeE LKes L Do
>. Is the meeting site comfortable and conducive to group discussionsE LKes L Do
=. Is the meeting site free from stigma and triggersE LKes L Do
Relations$i%s 9etween 7e(bers 8
9. ?roup members generally trust and respect each other LKes L Do
%. !here is honest, open communication between members LKes L Do
;. 4o group members avoid cliquish or eclusionary behaviorE LKes L Do
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
22/23
. 4o members call each other for support between meetingsE LKes L Do
>. 4o members practice good active listening skills with each otherE LKes L Do
=. 4o members let others to finish speaking before 6umping in with adviceE LKes L Do
7. 2re both new and old members needs taken into accountE LKes L Do
rou% :iscussion ; rocess 8
9. Is your meeting format fleible when it needs to beE LKes L Do
%. 2re new members greeted at the doorE LKes L Do
;. 4o you have ground rules or group discussion rulesE LKes L Do
. 4oes each member have an equal amount of time to talk if necessaryE LKes L Do
>. 2re the meetings positive and constructiveE LKes L Do
=. 2re group discussions open to new ideasE LKes L Do
7. 2re group discussions meaningfulE LKes L Do
C. Is confidentiality always observedE LKes L Do
'. 4o members epress caring attitudes towards each otherE LKes L Do
Leaders$i% 8
9. 4oes the group feel as though it belongs to all of the membersE LKes L Do
%. 2re difficult behaviors dealt with in a timely mannerE LKes L Do
;. 2re problems solved with a sense of balance and fairnessE LKes L Do
. 4oes the leadership remain neutral during disputesE LKes L Do
>. 4o the same rules of conduct apply to both members and leadershipE LKes L Do
=. +an group members take an active role in running the groupE LKes L Do
7. +an all members of the group share responsibility for the groupE LKes L Do
-
8/9/2019 latest proposal lab 2.docx
23/23
Thank you for o!"#$%&n' %h$ for!