latin american history
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Latin American History. 1.10.11-1.11.11. Do Now ~ Page 99. On page 99, please complete your T chart with what you now know about Japanese History. Add to the Class T chart on the back white board! . Page 107. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
LATIN AMERICAN HISTORY1.10.11-1.11.11
Do Now ~ Page 99On page 99, please complete your T chart
with what you now know about Japanese History.What I know about
JapanWhat I now know about Japan after last week
Fill in your new, fabulous knowledge here!
Add to the Class T chart on the back white board!
Page 107Complete a word splash on page 107 with
everything you know about Latin American history/culture
Contribute to the word splash on the board
Big teethFur
Man’s best friend
Many
breeds
SAMPLE: Word Splash About Dogs
Objectives I can identify the different classes and
their roles in colonial Latin America. I can explain how countries in Latin
America came to be independent with revolutionary movements lead by Simon Bolivar and Jose San Martin.
Years of Independence
Latin American Colonies Social
Structure was sharply divided
Peninsulares: men born in Spain. Could hold high office in colonial govt. (0.1%)
Creoles: Spaniards born in Latin America. Could not hold high office in col. govt, but can be military officers (22.8%)
Mestizos: people of mixed European and Native ancestry
Mulattos: Persons of mixed European and African Ancestry
Africans
Indian Natives to Latin America: little value because were not slaves. Most oppressed group (55.8%)
18th-Century Spanish Efforts to Classify People by Race
• Spaniard and Indian produce a Mestizo • From Spaniard and Mestiza, Castiza • Spaniard and Castiza, produce Spaniard • Mestizo and Indian makes Coyote • Black and Spaniard makes Mulatto • Mulatto and Spaniard makes Morisco • Spaniard and Morisca makes Albino • Spaniard and Albino makes a Black-Return-Backwards • Black and Indian makes Wolf • Wolf and Indian makes Zambaiga • Zambaigo and Indian makes Albarazado • Albarazada and Indian makes Chamizo • Chamizo and Indian makes Cambuja • From Albarrado and Indian, a Cachimboreta is born • From Indian and Cambuja, a Wolf-Return-Backwards is born • Wolf-Return-Backwards and Indian makes Hold-Yourself-in-Mid-Air
Spaniard and Indian produce a Mestizo
http://www.emory.edu/COLLEGE/CULPEPER/BAKEWELL/index.html
From Spaniard and Mestiza, Castiza
http://www.emory.edu/COLLEGE/CULPEPER/BAKEWELL/index.html
Spaniard and Castiza, produce Spaniard
http://www.emory.edu/COLLEGE/CULPEPER/BAKEWELL/index.html
Mestizo and Indian makes Coyote
http://www.emory.edu/COLLEGE/CULPEPER/BAKEWELL/index.html
Black and Spaniard makes Mulatto
http://www.emory.edu/COLLEGE/CULPEPER/BAKEWELL/index.html
Colonialism (cont.) Peonage- use of laborers bound by debt
Lower classes worked on landowner’s land and were paid in vouchers to be used at landowner’s stores. They quickly fell into debt.
it essentially continues after independence by rich landowners
Colonialism (cont.) Answer questions under your
triangle in complete sentences: What about this social structure is unfair
and may have caused people to be upset or want change?
How did the Europeans (Penninsulares and Creoles) keep control over native population?
Ideas of Independence Creoles: educated, well traveled, adopt
ideas of Enlightenment and revolution (French Revolution (1799), American Revolution 1776)
Spanish Creoles reject French King Napoleon wins Spain, and makes his
brother king of Spain (Ferdinand VII) Creoles have no allegiance to a French King
of Spain
Simon Bolivar Wealthy Venezuelan Creole Venezuela declares
independence 1811 Defeat Spanish at Bogota
(Columbia) in 1821 President of Columbia
Independence in Bolivia, Ecuador, Panama
Democratic Ideology for Hispanic America Jamaican Letter
Jose San Martin From Argentina Argentina independent
1816 still under threat by
Spanish in Chile and Peru Marches over Andes Mts. To
Chile and wins independence
Leaves his army for Bolivar in Peru to defeat Spanish
DAY 2
Do Now ~ Page 109 Pretend you are a Creole in the 1800s.
You are educated and have traveled to Europe. Write a journal entry about what it is like in Latin America as a Spanish Colony. Also write about what you want to change and why
(Use your notes and memory from yesterday)
Objectives I can describe Latin America’s trade and
economics after Independence. I can explain the United State’s
involvement in Latin America with the Spanish-American War.
After Independence pg 110 Colonial Legacy
Political instability Caudillos: dictators. By 1830, almost all
Latin American nations were run by caudillos “all of Venezuela is my cattle ranch” – Juan
Vincent Gomez, Venezuelan caudillo Some presidents made reforms like
education Voting right for upper and middle class only
Economics depend on exports Trade increases:
Transportation (steamship, railroads) Refrigeration (food exports possible)
Resources
Resources
Manufactured Goods
Who benefits more from this system? Why and How?
Economics and Trade Not self sufficient Do not develop roads, education Borrow money from US, Britain, France,
Germany Other nations now have control in Latin
America (economic colonialism)
US and Latin America
US and Latin America Monroe Doctrine: 1823 policy-
American continents can no longer be colonized by Europe. Stay out of Western hemisphere
Roosevelt Corollary (1904): President Roosevelt extends Monroe doctrine and gives US right to be World Police
Read and summarize each section on your notes worksheet
Roosevelt's December 1904 Annual message to Congress declared:
1) All that this country desires is to see the neighboring countries stable, orderly, and prosperous. Any country whose people conduct themselves well can count upon our hearty friendship.
2) Chronic wrongdoing, or an impotence which results in a
general loosening of the ties of civilized society, may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation,
3) and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United
States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an international police power.
Spanish-American War US intervenes struggle for independence
from Spain Business interests Fear of Spanish in Western hemisphere
US defeats Spain in 4 months Cuba independent and other Spanish
colonies given to the US (Puerto Rico, Guam, Phillipines)
Panama Canal Connects the Atlantic to the
Pacific through Central America
French company tried, but failed
US helps Panama gain independence, Panama gives US land to build canal
US controls a world tollbooth
Panama Canal Facts: The greatest obstacle in building the canal is
MALARIA & YELLOW FEVER first 2 years of building involve clearing brush
and draining swamps where mosquitoes bred The canal took 10 years to build Cost nearly $400 million dollars Completed in 1914 just as WWI was
beginning The canal is considered one of the greatest
engineering feats of all time