latin ii - great hearts academies

Latin II

March 30-April 3

Time Allotment: 20 minutes per day

Student Name: ________________________________

Teacher Name: ________________________________

Latin II

March 30-April 3

1

Packet Overview

Date Objective(s) Page Number

Monday, March 30 1. Identify and decline present active and perfect

passive participles.

2

Tuesday, March 31 1. Identify and decline present active, perfect

passive, and future active participles.

5

Wednesday, April 1 1. Translate present active, perfect passive, and

future active participles accurately and beautifully.

8

Thursday, April 2 1. Identify and decline the “Naughty Nine”

Adjectives.

10

Friday, April 3 1. Translate sentences using the “Naughty Nine”

adjectives from Latin into English.

13

Additional Notes:

Salvēte, discipulī et discipulae,

Here are a few notes for this week’s packet:

1. Make sure that you have a different-colored pen to correct your exercises in the

packet.

2. Write your answers to the exercises in the space provided in your packet.

3. The answer key for this packet is located on pages 14-16 of this packet.

4. Copies of pages 245-246, 248-250, and 252 from your Latin textbook are located

after the answer key. On those pages, you will find:

• Extra explanations of participles (pgs 245-246)

• Extra explanations of the “Naughty Nine” adjectives (pgs 248-250)

• Exercise 6 (pg 252)

5. Reach out to us if there are any questions!

6. Remember the words of Seneca: “Discimus nōn scholae sed vītae.” (We learn not for

school but for life.) Valēte!

Cordaliter,

Magristra Linz, Magister Kile, et Magister Pederson

Academic Honesty

I certify that I completed this assignment

independently in accordance with the GHNO

Academy Honor Code.

Student signature:

___________________________

I certify that my student completed this

assignment independently in accordance with

the GHNO Academy Honor Code.

Parent signature:

___________________________

Latin II

March 30-April 3

2

Monday, March 30 Latin Unit: Present Participles (Chapter 11)

Lesson 1: Present Active and Perfect Passive Participles

Objective: Be able to do this by the end of this lesson.

1. Identify and decline present active, perfect passive, and future active participles

Introduction to Lesson 1

Last week, we learned about present participles. Remember, a participle is a verb form

functioning as an adjective. In other words, participles share characteristics of both verbs and

adjectives. In Latin, present active participles decline like third declension adjectives.

As a warm-up exercise, decline agō, agere as a present active participle. You can check your

responses in the answer key at the back of the packet.

Singular Plural

Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative

Genitive

Dative

Accusative

Ablative

Vocative

Last week, we specifically studied present active participles. We studied participles in which the

action of the participle happened at the same time as the main verb.

Example:

Miss Linz, seeing the freshly baked cookies on the plate, is happy.

Miss Linz sees the cookies and is happy at the same time.

The action of participles, however, can occur not only in the present. They can also occur in the

past and in the future! Some of you may also have learned about perfect passive and future

active participles in Latin I last year, or your teacher may have touched on them in Latin II

earlier this year. If not, nōlīte timēre! (Don’t be afraid!)

Today, we are going to review perfect passive participles.

Latin II

March 30-April 3

3

Perfect Passive Participles

The action of perfect passive participles occurs before the action of the main verb. We translate

perfect passive participles from Latin into English by using the phrase “having been.”

Example:

The cookies, having been seen by Miss Linz, are eaten.

The order of events is clear. First, Miss Linz saw the cookies, and then she ate them.

In Latin, perfect passive participles are easy to spot. The perfect passive participle is most often

the fourth principal part of the verb.

For example, with videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsum (to see), vīsum (the fourth principal part) is the

perfect passive participle.

Here is the example sentence above translated into Latin:

Crūstulī, vīsī ab Magistrā Linz, comeduntur.

Note how vīsī modifies crūstulī, and the tense of the participle shows the reader that the action of

seeing the cookies happened before they were eaten.

Perfect passive participles decline like first and second declension adjectives. Look at the

declension of vīsus-a-um (having been seen).

If further clarity is needed on perfect passive participles, see attached textbook pages 245-246 at

the end of this packet.

Singular Plural


Nominative

Vīsus Vīsa Vīsum Vīsī Vīsae Vīsa

Genitive

Vīsī Vīsae Vīsī Vīsōrum Vīsārum Vīsōrum

Dative

Vīsō Vīsae Vīsō Vīsīs Vīsīs Vīsīs

Accusative

Vīsum Vīsam Vīsum Vīsōs Vīsās Vīsa

Ablative

Vīsō Vīsā Vīsō Vīsīs Vīsīs Vīsīs

Vocative

Vīsus Vīsa Vīsus Vīsī Vīsae Vīsa

Latin II

March 30-April 3

4

Practice

1. Identify each participle as present active or perfect passive.

2. Then, translate the entire phrase.

3. Check your responses at the back of the packet upon completion. Correct your responses

with a different colored pen.

Example:

Present Active/Perfect

Passive

Translation

Rēx laudātus Perfect passive The King having been praised


Passive Participle

Translation

1. Gemmīs amātīs

____________________ ______________________

2. Legātō tacēntī

____________________ ______________________

3. Servum spectantem

____________________ ______________________

4. Rēgīnā servātā ____________________

______________________

5. Pecūnia reddita

____________________ ______________________

Latin II

March 30-April 3

5

Tuesday, March 31 Latin Unit: Present Participles

Lesson 2: Present Active, Perfect Passive, and Future Active Participles


1. Identify and decline present active, perfect passive, and future active participles.


Yesterday, we reviewed present active and perfect passive participles. Answer the following

review questions from yesterday. After you finish, you may check your responses in the answer

key at the back of the packet.

Present active participles decline like _____________ _____________ _____________. The

action of present active participles occurs _______ __________ __________ _________ as the

action of the main verb.

Perfect passive participles are formed from the ______________ principal part of verbs. The

action of perfect passive participles occurs _____________ the action of the main verb.

Today, we will be reviewing future active participles.

Latin II

March 30-April 3

6

Future Active Participles

The action of future active participles occurs after the action of the main verb. We translate

future active participles from Latin into English by using the phrase “about to.”

Example:

Miss Linz, about to see her sister, baked more cookies.

Miss Linz baked more cookies because she is going to visit her sister, which has not happened

yet.

Let’s look at how to form future active participle of videō, vidēre, vīsī, vīsum (to see).

• Similar to perfect passive participles, future active participles are formed from the fourth

principal part of verbs. The fourth principal part of videō is vīsum.

• Remove the –um from the fourth principal part. The stem of is now vīs--.

• Next, add the endings –ūrus, ūra, ūrum to form the nominative singular.

• The future active participle of videō is vīsūrus-a-um.

• Like perfect passive participles, they decline like first and second declension adjectives.

Look at the declension of vīsūrus-a-um (about to see).

Singular Plural


Nominative

Vīsūrus Vīsūra Vīsūrum Vīsūrī Vīsūrae Vīsūra

Genitive

Vīsūrī Vīsūrae Vīsūrī Vīsūrōrum Vīsūrārum Vīsūrōrum

Dative

Vīsūrō Vīsūrae Vīsūrō Vīsūrīs Vīsūrīs Vīsūrīs

Accusative

Vīsūrum Vīsūram Vīsūrum Vīsūrōs Vīsūrās Vīsūra

Ablative

Vīsūrō Vīsūrā Vīsūrō Vīsūrīs Vīsūrīs Vīsūrīs

Vocative

Vīsūrus Vīsūra Vīsūrus Vīsūrī Vīsūrae Vīsūra

Study Tip: The futURe active participle is readily recognized by the presence of UR in the

participle’s endings (ie vīsURus).

If further clarity is needed on future active participles, see attached textbook pages 245-246 at

the end of this packet.

Latin II

March 30-April 3

7

Practice

1. Identify each participle as present active or perfect passive.

2. Then, translate the entire phrase.

3. Check your responses at the back of the packet upon completion. Correct your responses


Example:


Passive/Future Active

Translation

Rēx laudātūrus Future active The King about to praise


Passive/ Future Active

Participle

Translation

1. Portae aperturae

____________________ ______________________

2. Portae apertae

____________________ ______________________

3. Portae aperientēs

____________________ ______________________

4. Populus salutātūrus ____________________

______________________

5. Pater nesciēns

____________________ ______________________

Latin II

March 30-April 3

8

Wednesday, April 1 Latin Unit: Present Participles

Lesson 3: Translation of Present Active, Perfect Passive, and Future Active Participles


1. Translate present active, perfect passive, and future active participles accurately and

beautifully.


Yesterday, we learned about future active participles. Today, we will translate sentences that use

all three types of participles. Here are a few friendly reminders for translation:

• Identify the main verb first.

• Next, identify the subject of that main verb.

• After you have identified the subject and the verb of the sentence, find and translate the

participle.

Translation Practice

• Translate each sentence into English accurately and beautifully.

• In addition, underline each participle and identify whether it is a present active, perfect

passive, or future active participle. Be careful—some sentences may have more than one

participle.

• Once you have completed your translations, check your responses with the translations in

the answer key. Some reading vocabulary has been provided.1

• If you made a mistake, correct your translation in a different colored pen.

1. Equum multīs mīlitibus completī, Graecī equum in lītore relinquunt. (compleō,

complēre, complevī, completum, to fill up; relinquo, relinquere, relīquī, relictum; to

leave behind, abandon)

Participle Identification:_____________________

Translation:______________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

1 All Latin sentences adapted from “Laocoon Speaks Out Against the Trojan Horse.” (Wheelock’s Latin 152)

Latin II

March 30-April 3

9

2. Prīmus ibi ante omnēs, dē arce currēns, Laocoon, sacerdōs Trōiānus, haec verba dīcit: “O

miserī cīvēs, nōn estis sānī! Quid cōgitātis?” (curro, currere, cucurrī, cursum, to run;

Laocoon, a Trojan priest; sacerdōs, sacerdōtis, priest; Trōiānus, -a, -um, Trojan;

sānus, -a, -um, sound)


Translation:______________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

3. Laocoon dīcit: “Inveniētis in illō equō multōs mīlitēs ācrēs, aut equus est machina bellī,

facta contrā nōs, ventūra in urbem, vīsūra casās nostrās et populum.” (machina, -ae,

machine; casa, -ae, house)


Translation:______________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Latin II

March 30-April 3

10

Thursday, April 2 Latin Unit: Present Participles

Lesson 4: The “Naughty Nine” Adjectives


1. Identify and decline the “Naughty Nine” Adjectives


For the last week and a half, we have covered Latin participles. Today, we will be moving onto

a new language fact: the “Naughty Nine” Adjectives. Read through the following explanation of

the “Naughty Nine” adjectives. Then, we will end today’s lesson with some translation practice

of English into Latin.

The “Naughty Nine” Adjectives

Look at the following sentence:

Tōtus liber litterās Rōmānās semper laudat.2

“The whole book always praises Roman literature.”

The adjective tōtus, which was one of your new vocabulary words for chapter 11, looks like a

standard second declension adjective. However, the declension of tōtus has two distinct

differences:

• The genitive singular for all genders ends in -īus.

• The dative singular for all genders ends in –ī.

There are nine adjectives that follow this declension pattern. Since there are nine adjectives that

follow this distinct pattern, they are called the “Naughty Nine” Adjectives. They can be

remembered with the following acronym: UNUS NAUTA.

Ūnus

Neuter

Uter3

Sōlus

Nūllus

Alter

Ūllus

Tōtus

Alius

2 Adapted from Wheelock’s Latin 59. 3 Note: The word uter is used instead of quis when asking about the choice between two people. For example, uter

cōnsulum? “which of the (two) consuls?” or uter coniugum? “which of the (two) spouses?”

Latin II

March 30-April 3

11

Except for the genitive and dative singular and some other idiosyncrasies4, all these adjectives

follow the pattern of iūstus, iūsta, iūstum; pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum; or miser, misera,

miserum. Look at the declensions of sōlus, alter, and neuter.

Declension of sōlus, which looks like iūstus.

Singular Plural


Nominative

Sōlus Sōla Sōlum Sōlī Sōlae Sōla

Genitive

Sōlīus Sōlīus Sōlīus Sōlōrum Sōlārum Sōlōrum

Dative

Sōlī Sōlī Sōlī Sōlīs Sōlīs Sōlīs

Accusative

Sōlum Sōlam Sōlum Sōlōs Sōlās Sōla

Ablative

Sōlō Sōlā Sōlō Sōlīs Sōlīs Sōlīs

Vocative

Sōle Sōla Sōlum Sōlī Sōlae Sōla

Declension of alter, which looks like miser.

Singular Plural


Nominative

Alter Altera Alterum Alterī Alterae Altera

Genitive

Alterīus Alterīus Alterīus Alterōrum Alterārum Alterōrum

Dative

Alterī Alterī Alterī Alterīs Alterīs Alterīs

Accusative

Alterum Alteram Alterum Alterōs Alterās Altera

Ablative

Alterō Alterā Alterō Alterīs Alterīs Alterīs

Vocative

Alter Altera Alterum Alterī Alterae Altera

4 The neuter accusative singular of alius is aliud.

Latin II

March 30-April 3

12

Declension of neuter, which looks like pulcher.

Singular Plural


Nominative

Neuter Neutra Neutrum Neutrī Neutrae Neutra

Genitive

Neutrīus Neutrīus Neutrīus Neutrōrum Neutrārum Neutrōrum

Dative

Neutrī Neutrī Neutrī Neutrīs Neutrīs Neutrīs

Accusative

Neutrum Neutram Neutrum Neutrōs Neutrās Neutra

Ablative

Neutrō Neutrā Neutrō Neutrīs Neutrīs Neutrīs

Vocative

Neuter Neutra Neutrum Neutrī Neutrae Neutra

If further clarify is needed on the “Naughty Nine” adjectives, see attached textbook pages 248-

250 and 252.

Practice

1. Translate the following sentences into Latin.5 Write your answers in the space provided.

2. If you get stuck, don’t give up! Give your best guess.

3. Once you have finished, check your responses in the answer key. Correct your responses


1. The entire populace was watching the ambassadors.

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2. No ambassador understood the customs of the people.

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

5 All sentences taken from Exercise 6, pg 252 in Latin for the New Millennium. Page 252 is attached to the end of

this packet.

Latin II

March 30-April 3

13

Friday, April 3

Latin Unit: Present Participles

Lesson 5: The “Naughty Nine” Adjectives


1. Translate sentences using the “Naughty Nine” adjectives from Latin into English.


Yesterday, you learned about the “Naughty Nine” adjectives.

Warm Up

What distinguishes these “naughty nine” adjectives? Check your response in the answer key.

____________________________________________________________________________

Yesterday, you also practiced translating some sentences from English into Latin. Today, we will

continue Exercise 6 from yesterday and refine our craft of translation.

Practice

1. Translate the following sentences into Latin.6 Write your answers in the space provided.

2. If you get stuck, give your best guess.

3. Once you have finished, check your responses in the answer key. Correct your responses


1. In that city people never used any gems.

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2. Two brothers watching the ambassadors were not silent. One believed they were

slaves, the other shouted: “Mother, watch that man!”

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

6 All sentences taken from Exercise 6, pg 252 in Latin for the New Millennium. Page 252 is attached to the end of

this packet.

Latin II

March 30-April 3

14

Answer Key

Monday, March 30

Warm-Up Answers

Singular Plural


Nominative

Agēns Agēns Agēns Agentēs Agentēs Agentia

Genitive

Agentis Agentis Agentis Agentium Agentium Agentium

Dative

Agentī Agentī Agentī Agentibus Agentibus Agentibus

Accusative

Agentem Agentem Agēns Agentēs Agentēs Agentia

Ablative

Agentī Agentī Agentī Agentibus Agentibus Agentibus

Vocative

Agēns Agēns Agēns Agentēs Agentēs Agentia

Practice Answers


Passive Participle

Translation

1. Gemmīs amātīs7

Perfect Passive To/for the gems having been

loved

Or

By/with/from the gems

having been loved

2. Legātō tacēntī

Present Active To/for the ambassador

keeping quiet

3. Servum spectantem

Present Active The watching servant

4. Rēgīnā servātā Perfect Passive

By/with/from the queen

having been served

5. Pecūnia reddita

Perfect passive The money having been

returned

7 Without context, this phrase could be translated as a dative or an ablative. Either answer is acceptable.

Latin II

March 30-April 3

15

Tuesday, March 31

Review Answers

Present active participles decline like third declension adjectives. The action of present active

participles occurs at the same time as the action of the main verb.

Perfect passive participles are formed from the fourth principal part of verbs. The action of

perfect passive participles occurs before the action of the main verb.

Practice Answers

Wednesday, April 1

Translation Answers

1. Equum multīs mīlitibus completī, Graecī equum in lītore relinquunt. (compleō,

complēre, complevī, completum, to fill up; relinquo, relinquere, relīquī, relictum;

to leave behind, abandon)

Participle Identification: Completī = perfect passive

Translation: Having filled up the horse with many soldiers, the Greeks abandon the horse

on the shore.


Passive/ Future Active

Participle

Translation

1. Portae aperturae

Future Active The gates about to open

2. Portae apertae

Perfect Passive The gates having been

opened

3. Portae aperientēs

Present Active The gate opening

4. Populus salutātūrus Future Active

The people about to greet

5. Pater nesciēns

Present Active The father not knowing

Latin II

March 30-April 3

16

2. Prīmus ibi ante omnēs, dē arce currēns, Laocoon, sacerdōs Trōiānus, haec verba dīcit:

“O miserī cīvēs, nōn estis sānī! Quid cōgitātis?” (arx, arcis, citadel; curro, currere,

cucurrī, cursum, to run; Laocoon, a Trojan priest; sacerdōs, sacerdōtis, priest;

Trōiānus, -a, -um, Trojan; sānus, -a, -um, sound)

Participle Identification: Currēns = present active

Translation: The first before all there, running from the citadel, Laocoon, a Trojan priest,

says these words: “O miserable citizens, you (all) are not sound! What are you

thinking?”

3. Laocoon dīcit: “Inveniētis in illō equō multōs mīlitēs ācrēs, aut equus est machina

bellī, facta contrā nōs, ventūra in urbem, vīsūra casās nostrās et populum.”

(machina, -ae, machine; casa, -ae, house)

Participle Identification: Facta = perfect passive; Ventūra = future active; vīsūra = future

active

Translation: Laocoon says: “You will find in that horse many fierce soldiers, or the horse

is a machine of war, having been made against us, about to come into the city, about to

see our houses and people.”

Thursday, April 2

Translation Answers

1. Tōtus populus legātōs spectābant.

2. Nūllus legātus morēs populī intellēxit.

Friday, April 3

Warm-up Answer

The genitive singular ends in -īus and the dative singular ends in -ī.

Translation Answers

1. In illā urbe populus ūllīs gemmīs numquam ūsus est.

2. Duo fratrēs spectantēs legātōs nōn tacēbant. Ūnus crēdidit eōs servōs esse, alter

clamāvit: “Mater, spectā illum virum!”

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