law enforcement auditing in measuring police performance … · · 2015-01-07police performance...
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POLICE PERFORMANCE AUDITOR, JEFF PHILLIPS, DPA, CGAP, CFE OFFICER IN CHARGE
INTERNAL AUDITS AND INSPECTIONS DIVISION, LOS ANGELES POLICE DEPARTMENT
Law Enforcement Auditing in Measuring Police Performance
HISTORY OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AUDITING
• Financial audits
• Efficiency and Effectiveness
• May have to rely on external auditors from city or county auditor's office
TYPES OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AUDITS
•Financial - adherence to financial reporting, expenditures, payroll
•Compliance - associated with compliance of financial legal requirements
•Performance -associated with efficiency and effectiveness
- Police Auditing, Jiao (1999)
Conventional Law Enforcement Performance Measures
Performance Dimensions Statistical Indicators Reduce criminal victimization Reported crime rates
Victimization rates
Call offenders to account Clearance rates Conviction rates
Reduce fear and enhance personal security Reported changes in level of fear Reported changes in self-defense measures
Guarantee safety in public spaces Traffic fatalities, injuries, and damage Increased utilization of parks and public spaces Increased property values
Use financial resources fairly, efficiently, and effectively
Cost per citizen Deployment efficiency/fairness Scheduling efficiency Budget compliance Overtime expenditures Civilianization
Use force and authority fairly, efficiently, and effectively
Citizen complaints Settlements in liability issues Police shootings
Satisfy customer demands/achieve legitimacy with those policed
Satisfaction with police services Response times Citizen perceptions of fairness
Adopted from Cordner & Scarborough, 2010
Focus of Consent Decrees
• US DOJ vs. City of…..Los Angeles, Seattle, New Orleans, Pittsburgh, District of Columbia, etc….
• US DOJ establishes a ‘practice or pattern’ of civil rights violations (42 USC Section 14141).
• Little to no measurement of compliance with:
• law or departmental policies and procedures
• specifically pertaining to operations
MISNOMER OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AUDITS
• The use of the term
• Sam Walker
• Geoffrey Alpert
Consent Decree June 2001
• Rodney King Incident 1991
• Rampart Scandal 1999
• Federal Lawsuit against LAPD 2001
• Consent Decree implemented June 2001
• Federal Monitor
• 187 Paragraphs of reform
Establishment of Audit Division July 2001
•Consent Decree Requirement – Establish internal audit unit •Independent Monitor is Established •Staffing of Audit Division (2001) •Sworn officers tasked with conducting audits •Continued failure in audits
Establishment of Audit Division
July 2001 •Commanding Officer reaches out to
•Other law enforcement agencies •IACP •ALGA, IIA
•Hire professional auditors •Educate in field of auditing
• Basic Law Enforcement Performance Auditing Course
Performance Audits • Common Audits
• Use of Force • Categorical • Non-Categorical
• Personnel Complaints • Search Warrants • Command Accountability Performance Audits
• Gang Enforcement Detail • Narcotic Enforcement Detail • Vice
• Arrest Reports • Confidential Informants • Since 2009, audits have expanded to address
other areas of high risk, for instance, Fiscal auditing, specialized division inspections, IT audits.
Who reviews and ultimately approves the audits?
• Auditor/Auditee • Commanding Officer, Internal
Audits and Inspections Division
• Special Assistant to Constitutional Policing
• Chief of Staff • Chief of Police • Police Commission
• Inspector General
What do audits accomplish? • First and foremost change and
identifying Best Practices to share with the organization
• Findings and recommendations are reviewed and approved by Police Commission
• Tracking and ensuring that the recommendations are addressed and acted upon, if feasible.
• Over 300 recommendations have been closed out since the implementation of the Consent Decree.
Examples of Change • Use of Force Process • Several Manuals
developed/updated for specialized units (Confidential Informant Manual)
• Tactical Plan for every search warrant
• Undercover Officer training requirement
• Redesign and development of outdated tracking systems, such as Property Management System (APMIS)
