le passé composé. what is it? the passé composé is used to write & speak in the past tense
TRANSCRIPT
Le Passé Composé
What is it?
The Passé Composé is used to write & speak in the past tense.
FORMATION
It is a compound tense, meaning it requires 2
verbs!(Composé = compounded, composed of 2
words)
FORMATION
SUBJECT+HELPING VERB
+PAST PARTICIPLE
S + HV + PP
SUBJECTS JE TU IL/ELLE/ON NOUS VOUS ILS NAMES OF PEOPLE/ALL
NOUNS
HELPING VERBSPRESENT TENSE OF AVOIR
(MOST VERBS)
OR
PRESENT TENSE OF ETRE(ONLY A SELECT FEW)
CONJUGATE AVOIR at the bottom of the page…
J’ aiTu asIl aNous avonsVous avezIls ont
JETUILNOUSVOUS ILS
PAST PARTICIPLES
To form the past participle you…
1. Take off the ending (er/ir/re)2. Add the following endings…ER verbs = é IR verbs = i RE verbs = u
Add the Past Participle:
1. J’ai travaill__ =2. Tu as fini__ =3. Il a perd__ =
MEANINGS
1. I worked OR I did work2. You finished OR You did finish3. He lost OR He did lose
Negative Sentences
NE (N’) PAS = did not (didn’t) NE (N’) JAMAIS = never or never have The negative goes around the NE and
PAS Je n’ai pas travaillé – I did not work Je n’ai jamais parlé à Pierre
I never spoke to Pierre. I have never spoken to Pierre.
PAST WORDS Hier – yesterday Hier matin – yesterday morning Hier après-midi – yesterday afternoon Hier soir – last night (Lundi) dernier – last (Monday) Le weekend dernier – last weekend Le mois dernier – last month La semaine dernière – last week L’été dernier – last summer L’année dernière last year
Il y a + time frame = AGO
I l y a 5 minutes = 5 minutes ago Il y a 2 heures = 2 hours ago Il y a 3 jours – 3 days ago Il y a une semaine – a week ago Il y a deux mois = 2 months ago Il y a 5 ans – 5 years ago Il y a plusieurs jours – several days
ago
Questions – ADD to page 5
Est-ce que + S + HV + PPDID…Est-ce que tu as perdu le
match?Did you lose the game?
Irregular Past Participles
Many verbs in French have irregular past participles.
Just like in English, you cannot just add “ed” to all verbs.
English Irregulars
1. I eated breakfast this morning.2. You runned on the track. 3. He sleeped in this weekend. 4. We swimmed in the pool.5. They seed a great movie last
night.
English Irregulars
1. I ate breakfast this morning.2. You ran on the track. 3. He slept in this weekend. 4. We swam in the pool.5. They saw great movie last
night.
Irregular Past Participles
VERB PAST PART.
MEANING
AVOIR EU HADETRE ÉTÉ WASFAIRE FAIT DID/MADEMETTRE MIS PUT/SETPRENDRE PRIS TOOK
Irregular Past Participles
VERB PAST PART.
MEANING
OUVRIR OUVERT OPENEDOFFRIR OFFERT OFFEREDVIVRE VÉCU LIVEDNAITRE NÉ WAS BORNMOURIR MORT DIED
Irregular Past Participles
VERB PAST PART.
MEANING
BOIRE BU DRANKVOIR VU SAWSAVOIR SU KNEWCONNAITRE
CONNU KNEW
POUVOIR PU WAS ABLE
Irregular Past Participles
VERB PAST PART.
MEANING
DEVOIR DU HAD TOVOULOIR VOULU WANTEDLIRE LU READECRIRE ÉCRIT WROTEDIRE DIT SAID
Irregular Past Participles
VERB PAST PART.
MEANING
RECEVOIR REÇU GOTVENIR VENU CAMEREVENIR REVENU CAME BACKDEVENIR DEVENU BECAME
More Irregulars to ADD
APPRENDRE – TO LEARNAPPRIS
(like prendre)
COMPRENDRE – TO UNDERSTAND(like prendre) COMPRIS
PROMETTRE – to allow/permit(like mettre) PROMIS
ÊTRE VERBS Some verbs in French require
ÊTRE as the Helping Verb.
These verbs are sometimes called “coming and going verbs”
DR & MRS VANDERTRAMP
Bell Work – Identify the verbs
1. su 6. dû2. pu 7. dit3. lu 8. mis4. vu 9. voulu5. bu 10. venu
ÊtreJE SUIS NOUS SOMMES
TU ES VOUS ÊTES
IL EST ILS SONT
ÊTRE VERBSVERB PAST
PART.MEANING
Descendre
déscendu went down/descended
Rentrer rentré came home
Monter monté went upRester resté stayed
ÊTRE VERBSVERB PAST
PART.MEANING
Sortir sorti went out
Venir venu* came
Arriver arrivé arrived
Naïtre né* was born
ÊTRE VERBSVERB PAST
PART.MEANING
Devenir devenu* becameEntrer entré enteredRevenir revenu* came backTomber tombé fell
VERB PAST PART.
MEANING
Retourner
retourné returned
Aller allé wentMourir mort* diedPartir Parti left
(P)asser passé passed by/through
PASSER
• Takes AVOIR or ÊTRE• Takes ÊTRE when it means to pass by.
- Je suis passé(e) par la porte. - I passed by the door.• Takes AVOIR when it means to take or
spend some time. - J’ai passé mon examen. J’ai passé un an à Paris- I took my test. I spent a year in Paris.
AGREEMENTWhen ÊTRE is used as the Helping Verb AGREEMENT has to be made with the Past Participles
AGREEMENT *depends
~ Must agree in # and gender!Masc. Singular – DO NOTHINGFem. Singular – add an extra E (elle, je*)
Elle est sortieMasc. Plural – add an S (ils, vous*, nous)
Ils sont sortisFem. Plural – add an ES (elles, nous*,vous*)
Elles sont sorties
Conjugate using être as the HV
1. Il _______ (aller)2. Elle _____ (descendre)3. Nous ______ (revenir)4. Je _______ (arriver)5. Elles _______ (monter)6. Ils _______ (partir)
Conjugate using être as the HV
1. Il est allé2. Elle est descendue3. Nous sommes revenus(es)4. Je suis arrivé(e)5. Elles sont montées6. Ils sont partis
Donnez-moi Cinq…
5 rules of the
Passé Composé