lead-based paint investigations andrew burgie, ms center for occupational & environmental health...

Lead-Based Paint InvestigationsLead-Based Paint Investigations Lead-Based Paint InvestigationsLead-Based Paint Investigations

Andrew Burgie, MSAndrew Burgie, MS

Center for Occupational & Environmental HealthCenter for Occupational & Environmental Health at Hunter Collegeat Hunter College

Lead-Based Paint:Lead-Based Paint:Course OverviewCourse OverviewLead-Based Paint:Lead-Based Paint:Course OverviewCourse Overview What is Lead-Based Paint?What is Lead-Based Paint? Why is it Toxic?Why is it Toxic? When is it Hazardous?When is it Hazardous? What Laws Govern Lead-Based Paint?What Laws Govern Lead-Based Paint? Recognizing, Evaluating, and ControllingRecognizing, Evaluating, and Controlling

Hazardous Lead Environments?Hazardous Lead Environments? Questions and DiscussionQuestions and Discussion

What is Lead-Based Paint?What is Lead-Based Paint?What is Lead-Based Paint?What is Lead-Based Paint?

Definition of Lead-Based PaintDefinition of Lead-Based PaintDefinition of Lead-Based PaintDefinition of Lead-Based Paint

Paint with lead levels that are:Paint with lead levels that are:

>> 1.0 milligram per square centimeter 1.0 milligram per square centimeter >> 1.0 mg/cm 1.0 mg/cm22

>0.5% by weight>0.5% by weight

U.S. Department of Housing & Urban DevelopmentU.S. Department of Housing & Urban Development

Note:Note: If yellow box = 1 cm If yellow box = 1 cm22, 1 mg. , 1 mg. or more of lead found in chip or more of lead found in chip would be would be aboveabove legal lead limit legal lead limit

Occupational Safety and Health Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)Act (OSHA)

Occupational Safety and Health Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)Act (OSHA)

OSHAOSHA (1970) - Employer provides a (1970) - Employer provides a “safe “safe and healthy”and healthy” workplace. Employee abides workplace. Employee abides by employer rules concerning same.by employer rules concerning same.

OSHA Lead Standards in Industry:OSHA Lead Standards in Industry: OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1025 – GeneralOSHA 29 CFR 1910.1025 – General OSHA 29 CFR 1926.62 – ConstructionOSHA 29 CFR 1926.62 – Construction OSHA 29 CFR 1915.1025 – Maritime OSHA 29 CFR 1915.1025 – Maritime

Environmental Protection Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)Agency (EPA)

Environmental Protection Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)Agency (EPA)

TSCATSCA (1976) - (1976) - Toxic Substances Control Toxic Substances Control ActAct - Manufacturers and importers of - Manufacturers and importers of chemicals chemicals requiredrequired to include info about to include info about healthhealth and and environmentalenvironmental effects of those effects of those chemicals chemicals

EPA Lead Standards:EPA Lead Standards: Title 15 Chapter 53 (Subchapter IV – lead Title 15 Chapter 53 (Subchapter IV – lead

exposure reduction)exposure reduction)

Department of Housing & Urban Department of Housing & Urban Development (HUD)Development (HUD)

Department of Housing & Urban Department of Housing & Urban Development (HUD)Development (HUD)

HUDHUD (1965) - Housing and Urban (1965) - Housing and Urban Development Act - Mission is to Development Act - Mission is to guaranteeguarantee a a decentdecent, , safesafe, and , and sanitarysanitary home and home and suitable living environment for every suitable living environment for every American American

HUD Lead Standards:HUD Lead Standards: Title X – Residential Lead-Based Paint Title X – Residential Lead-Based Paint

Hazard Reduction Act of 1992:Hazard Reduction Act of 1992: ( (Section Section 1018 – Disclosure of Lead-Based Paint)1018 – Disclosure of Lead-Based Paint)

When is Lead-Based Paint Toxic?When is Lead-Based Paint Toxic?When is Lead-Based Paint Toxic?When is Lead-Based Paint Toxic?

Lead Facts: Routes of EntryLead Facts: Routes of EntryLead Facts: Routes of EntryLead Facts: Routes of Entry

Lead can be Lead can be inhaledinhaled in the form of in the form of dustdust Lead can be Lead can be ingestedingested in the form of in the form of paint paint

chips, soil contaminated with lead, toys or chips, soil contaminated with lead, toys or other objects covered with lead dust, other objects covered with lead dust, tainted drinking watertainted drinking water

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Lead Facts: Health EffectsLead Facts: Health Effects

Both Both adultsadults and and childrenchildren can get lead can get lead poisoning depending on the concentrationpoisoning depending on the concentration

ChildrenChildren are are moremore susceptible because: susceptible because: Children’s brains and nervous system are more Children’s brains and nervous system are more

sensitive to damaging effects of leadsensitive to damaging effects of lead Children’s growing bodies absorb more leadChildren’s growing bodies absorb more lead Babies and young children often put their hands Babies and young children often put their hands

and other objects in their mouths which may and other objects in their mouths which may have lead dust on themhave lead dust on them



ChildrenChildren with high lead levels can with high lead levels can experience:experience: Damage to brain and nervous systemDamage to brain and nervous system Behavior and learning problems (hyperactivity)Behavior and learning problems (hyperactivity) Slowed growthSlowed growth Hearing problemsHearing problems HeadachesHeadaches



Blood tests Blood tests for childrenfor children are recommended: are recommended: At ages 1 and 2At ages 1 and 2 If exposure to high levels of lead has occurredIf exposure to high levels of lead has occurred If local health screening plan requires itIf local health screening plan requires it



AdultsAdults can suffer from: can suffer from: Difficulties during pregnancyDifficulties during pregnancy Other reproductive problems (men & women)Other reproductive problems (men & women) High blood pressureHigh blood pressure Digestive problemsDigestive problems Nerve disordersNerve disorders Memory and concentration problemsMemory and concentration problems Muscle and joint painMuscle and joint pain


Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

SECTION ISECTION I - Identification Data- Identification Data

SECTION II SECTION II - Hazardous Ingredients Data- Hazardous Ingredients Data

SECTION III SECTION III - Physical & Chemical Characteristics Data- Physical & Chemical Characteristics Data

SECTION IV SECTION IV - Fire & Explosion Data- Fire & Explosion Data

SECTION V SECTION V - Reactivity Data- Reactivity Data

SECTION VI SECTION VI - Health Hazards Data- Health Hazards Data

SECTION VII SECTION VII - Special Handling Information (Spill, Leak, Disposal)- Special Handling Information (Spill, Leak, Disposal)

SECTION VIII SECTION VIII - Control Measures (Ventilation, PPE)- Control Measures (Ventilation, PPE)

SECTION IX SECTION IX - Special Precautions & Additional Information- Special Precautions & Additional Information

Ledizolv MSDS Ledizolv MSDS (OPTIONAL)(OPTIONAL)Material Safety Data SheetMaterial Safety Data Sheet


I - IdentificationI - Identification

Product NameProduct Name (As appears on label): LEDIZOLV (As appears on label): LEDIZOLV®®

CAS Registry Number: Not ApplicableCAS Registry Number: Not Applicable

Effective Date: January 8, 2001Effective Date: January 8, 2001

Chemical Family: Anionic Liquid DetergentChemical Family: Anionic Liquid Detergent

II - Hazardous Ingredients / Identity InformationII - Hazardous Ingredients / Identity Information

There are There are no hazardous ingredients in LEDIZOLVno hazardous ingredients in LEDIZOLV as as defined by the OSHA Standard and Hazardous defined by the OSHA Standard and Hazardous Substance List 29 CFR 1910 Subpart Z. Contains no Substance List 29 CFR 1910 Subpart Z. Contains no Canadian WHMIS controlled substances.Canadian WHMIS controlled substances.

http://www.ledizolv.com/LearnAbout/LedizolvMSDS/LszMSDS.asphttp://www.ledizolv.com/LearnAbout/LedizolvMSDS/LszMSDS.asp



III - Physical / Chemical CharacteristicsIII - Physical / Chemical CharacteristicsBoiling Point (F): 220 degrees FBoiling Point (F): 220 degrees FVapor Pressure (mm Hg): N/AVapor Pressure (mm Hg): N/AVapor DensityVapor Density (AIR=1): N/A (AIR=1): N/ASpecific GravitySpecific Gravity: 1.080: 1.080Melting Point: N/AMelting Point: N/AEvaporation Rate (Butyl Acetate=1): N/AEvaporation Rate (Butyl Acetate=1): N/ASolubility in WaterSolubility in Water: Completely soluble in all proportions.: Completely soluble in all proportions.Appearance and OdorAppearance and Odor: Amber liquid - nearly odorless.: Amber liquid - nearly odorless.

IV - Fire and Explosion DataIV - Fire and Explosion DataFlash PointFlash Point (Method Used): None (Open cup) (Method Used): None (Open cup)Flammable Limits: LEL, N/S ; UEL N/AFlammable Limits: LEL, N/S ; UEL N/AExtinguishing MediaExtinguishing Media: Water, dry chemical, CO2, foam: Water, dry chemical, CO2, foamSpecial Firefighting Procedures: Self-contained positive pressure Special Firefighting Procedures: Self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and protective clothing should bebreathing apparatus and protective clothing should beworn in fighting fires involving chemicals.worn in fighting fires involving chemicals.Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards: NoneUnusual Fire and Explosion Hazards: None



V - Reactivity DataV - Reactivity DataStabilityStability: Stable: StableHazardous Polymerization: Will not occurHazardous Polymerization: Will not occurIncompatibilityIncompatibility (materials to avoid): None (materials to avoid): NoneHazardous Decomposition or By-products: May release Hazardous Decomposition or By-products: May release ammonia, carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide on burning.ammonia, carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide on burning.

VI - Health Hazard DataVI - Health Hazard DataRoute(s) of EntryRoute(s) of Entry: Inhalation? No; Skin? No, except for open : Inhalation? No; Skin? No, except for open cuts or abrasions; Ingestion? Yescuts or abrasions; Ingestion? YesHealth HazardsHealth Hazards (Acute and Chronic): Material may cause eye (Acute and Chronic): Material may cause eye irritation and/or burns. May cause skin irritation.irritation and/or burns. May cause skin irritation.CarcinogenicityCarcinogenicity: NTP? No; IARC Monographs? No; OSHA : NTP? No; IARC Monographs? No; OSHA Regulated? NoRegulated? No



VI - Health Hazard DataVI - Health Hazard Data (continued) (continued)

Signs and Symptoms of ExposureSigns and Symptoms of Exposure: Material may : Material may prove locally irritating. Medical Conditions Generally prove locally irritating. Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure Not Established. Aggravated by Exposure Not Established. Unnecessary exposure to this product or any Unnecessary exposure to this product or any industrial chemical should be avoided. Pre-existing industrial chemical should be avoided. Pre-existing skin conditions may be aggravated by exposure.skin conditions may be aggravated by exposure.

Emergency and First Aid ProceduresEmergency and First Aid Procedures: Eyes-: Eyes-Immediately flush eyes with water for at least 15 Immediately flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes. Call a physician. Skin-Flush with plenty of minutes. Call a physician. Skin-Flush with plenty of water. Ingestion-Drink large quantities of water or water. Ingestion-Drink large quantities of water or milk. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs re-milk. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs re-administer fluids. See a physician.administer fluids. See a physician.



VII - Precautions for Safe Handling and UseVII - Precautions for Safe Handling and Use

Steps to be taken if Material is Released or SpilledSteps to be taken if Material is Released or Spilled: For small : For small spills recover as much as possible to flush remainder to sewer. spills recover as much as possible to flush remainder to sewer. Large spills should be disposed of according to local Large spills should be disposed of according to local regulations. Material is biodegradable.regulations. Material is biodegradable.

Waste Disposal MethodWaste Disposal Method: Small quantities may be disposed of in : Small quantities may be disposed of in sewer. Large quantities should be disposed of in accordance sewer. Large quantities should be disposed of in accordance with local ordinances for non-hazardous detergent products. with local ordinances for non-hazardous detergent products. Precautions to be Taken in Storing and Handling: No special Precautions to be Taken in Storing and Handling: No special precautions in storing. Use protective equipment when handling precautions in storing. Use protective equipment when handling undiluted material. undiluted material.

Other PrecautionsOther Precautions: Avoid splashing and spraying undiluted : Avoid splashing and spraying undiluted material. No other special requirements other than the good material. No other special requirements other than the good industrial hygiene and safety practices employed with any industrial hygiene and safety practices employed with any industrial chemical.industrial chemical.



VIII - Control MeasuresVIII - Control Measures

Respiratory ProtectionRespiratory Protection (Specify Type): Not required. (Specify Type): Not required.

VentilationVentilation: Local Exhaust – Normal: Local Exhaust – Normal

Special - Not RequiredSpecial - Not Required

Mechanical - Not RequiredMechanical - Not Required

Other - Not RequiredOther - Not Required

Protective GlovesProtective Gloves: Impervious gloves are recommended.: Impervious gloves are recommended.

Eye ProtectionEye Protection: Goggles and/or splash shields are : Goggles and/or splash shields are recommended.recommended.

Other Protective Clothing or EquipmentOther Protective Clothing or Equipment: Eye wash station : Eye wash station should be available. should be available.

Work/Hygienic PracticesWork/Hygienic Practices: Wash hands before eating, drinking : Wash hands before eating, drinking or smoking. The information herein is given in good faith but no or smoking. The information herein is given in good faith but no warranty is expressed or implied.warranty is expressed or implied.

When is Lead-Based Paint When is Lead-Based Paint Hazardous?Hazardous?

When is Lead-Based Paint When is Lead-Based Paint Hazardous?Hazardous?

Factors Impacting Lead HazardFactors Impacting Lead HazardFactors Impacting Lead HazardFactors Impacting Lead Hazard

Building AgeBuilding Age – Buildings built and painted – Buildings built and painted before 1978, the year that lead was removed before 1978, the year that lead was removed from household paintfrom household paint

Paint ConditionPaint Condition – Poor quality paint that is – Poor quality paint that is chipping, peeling, cracking, pulverizingchipping, peeling, cracking, pulverizing

Presence of Young ChildrenPresence of Young Children – Children – Children between the ages of 6 months and seven between the ages of 6 months and seven years old are susceptible due to their years old are susceptible due to their developing bodies, and desire to put objects developing bodies, and desire to put objects in mouthin mouth


Factors Impacting Lead HazardFactors Impacting Lead HazardFactors Impacting Lead HazardFactors Impacting Lead Hazard Friction SurfacesFriction Surfaces – Surfaces that get a lot of – Surfaces that get a lot of

wear-and-tear such aswear-and-tear such as Windows and window sillsWindows and window sills Doors and door framesDoors and door frames Stairs, railings, banisters, and porchesStairs, railings, banisters, and porches

RenovationsRenovations – Surfaces that are disturbed – Surfaces that are disturbed Outdoor paint in soilOutdoor paint in soil Indoor paint chips/ dust on floorIndoor paint chips/ dust on floor

Old PipesOld Pipes – Drinking water that runs – Drinking water that runs through old water pipes with lead solderthrough old water pipes with lead solder ResidentialResidential CityCity U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Lead-Based Paint LegislationLead-Based Paint LegislationLead-Based Paint LegislationLead-Based Paint Legislation

Environmental Protection Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Lead StandardsAgency (EPA) Lead Standards

Environmental Protection Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Lead StandardsAgency (EPA) Lead Standards

Lead DustLead Dust –– <40 micrograms per square foot (ug/ft<40 micrograms per square foot (ug/ft22) – ) –

floorsfloors <250 ug/ft<250 ug/ft22 - interior window sills - interior window sills

Lead in SoilLead in Soil –– <400 parts per million (ppm) – play areas of <400 parts per million (ppm) – play areas of

bare soilbare soil <1,200 ppm (average) - bare soil in remainder <1,200 ppm (average) - bare soil in remainder

of yardof yard Lead in WaterLead in Water ––

15 micrograms per liter (ug/L) – drinking water15 micrograms per liter (ug/L) – drinking water

RecognizingRecognizing Lead-Based Paint Lead-Based Paint HazardsHazards

RecognizingRecognizing Lead-Based Paint Lead-Based Paint HazardsHazards

Recognizing Lead HazardsRecognizing Lead HazardsRecognizing Lead HazardsRecognizing Lead Hazards

Building AgeBuilding Age – Buildings built/painted before – Buildings built/painted before 19781978

Paint ConditionPaint Condition – Poor quality paint that is – Poor quality paint that is chipping, peeling, cracking, pulverizingchipping, peeling, cracking, pulverizing

Friction SurfacesFriction Surfaces – Surfaces that get a lot of wear- – Surfaces that get a lot of wear-and-tear such as windows, doors, stairs, etc.and-tear such as windows, doors, stairs, etc.

RenovationsRenovations – Painted surfaces that are disturbed – Painted surfaces that are disturbed Old PipesOld Pipes – Drinking water may be impacted – Drinking water may be impacted


EvaluatingEvaluating Lead-Based Paint Lead-Based Paint HazardsHazards

EvaluatingEvaluating Lead-Based Paint Lead-Based Paint HazardsHazards

Evaluating Lead HazardsEvaluating Lead HazardsEvaluating Lead HazardsEvaluating Lead Hazards Paint InspectionPaint Inspection – Quantifies lead content – Quantifies lead content

of every different type of painted surface in of every different type of painted surface in homehome

Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment – Quantifies impact of – Quantifies impact of lead based paint found in home on your lead based paint found in home on your health and how to address the hazards health and how to address the hazards found through use of:found through use of: Visual inspection of paint condition and Visual inspection of paint condition and

locationlocation A portable x-ray fluorescence (XRF) machineA portable x-ray fluorescence (XRF) machine Lab tests of paint, dust, and soil samples (AAS)Lab tests of paint, dust, and soil samples (AAS)


ControllingControlling Lead-Based Paint Lead-Based Paint HazardsHazards

ControllingControlling Lead-Based Paint Lead-Based Paint HazardsHazards

Controlling Lead Hazards Controlling Lead Hazards (Adults)(Adults)Controlling Lead Hazards Controlling Lead Hazards (Adults)(Adults) Notify Landlord of paint in poor conditionNotify Landlord of paint in poor condition Clean up paint chips immediatelyClean up paint chips immediately Clean floors, window frames, window sills Clean floors, window frames, window sills

and other surfaces weekly and other surfaces weekly (mop/sponge/warm water/general all-(mop/sponge/warm water/general all-purpose cleaner or lead cleaner)purpose cleaner or lead cleaner)

Thoroughly rinse sponges and mop heads Thoroughly rinse sponges and mop heads after cleaning problem areasafter cleaning problem areas

Wash children’s hands often (especially Wash children’s hands often (especially before eating, naps, and bedtimebefore eating, naps, and bedtime


Controlling Lead Hazards Controlling Lead Hazards (Adults)(Adults)Controlling Lead Hazards Controlling Lead Hazards (Adults)(Adults)

Keep play areas clean (and toys or other Keep play areas clean (and toys or other easily accessible objects)easily accessible objects)

Clean or remove shoes before entering Clean or remove shoes before entering home to avoid tracking in lead from soilhome to avoid tracking in lead from soil

Prevent children from chewing window Prevent children from chewing window sills or other painted surfacessills or other painted surfaces

Make sure children eat nutritious, low-fat Make sure children eat nutritious, low-fat meals high in iron and calciummeals high in iron and calcium


Controlling Lead Hazard Controlling Lead Hazard (Adults)(Adults)Controlling Lead Hazard Controlling Lead Hazard (Adults)(Adults)

Repair damaged painted surfacesRepair damaged painted surfaces Have area tested for lead-based paintHave area tested for lead-based paint Do not use dry or hot abrasive methods to Do not use dry or hot abrasive methods to

prevent dust and fume generationprevent dust and fume generation Temporarily move your family or completely Temporarily move your family or completely

seal work areaseal work area Follow other safety measures prescribed in Follow other safety measures prescribed in

“Reducing Lead Hazards When Remodeling “Reducing Lead Hazards When Remodeling Your Home” at 1-800-424-LEADYour Home” at 1-800-424-LEAD


Controlling Lead Hazard Controlling Lead Hazard (Adults)(Adults)Controlling Lead Hazard Controlling Lead Hazard (Adults)(Adults)

Plant grass to cover soil with high lead Plant grass to cover soil with high lead levels or plant “barrier” foliagelevels or plant “barrier” foliage

Hire a certified lead “abatement” contractor Hire a certified lead “abatement” contractor to permanently eliminate hazard (removing, to permanently eliminate hazard (removing, sealing, or encapsulation with special sealing, or encapsulation with special materials.materials.


Controlling Lead Hazard Controlling Lead Hazard (Kids)(Kids)Controlling Lead Hazard Controlling Lead Hazard (Kids)(Kids)

Notify Parent of paint in poor condition Notify Parent of paint in poor condition Help keep play areas clean (and toys or Help keep play areas clean (and toys or

other easily accessible objects) for siblingsother easily accessible objects) for siblings Prevent sibling from chewing window sills Prevent sibling from chewing window sills

or other painted surfacesor other painted surfaces Make sure siblings eat nutritious, low-fat Make sure siblings eat nutritious, low-fat

meals high in iron and calciummeals high in iron and calcium


Questions & CommentsQuestions & CommentsQuestions & CommentsQuestions & Comments

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

www.osha.gov - OSHA WEBSITEwww.osha.gov - OSHA WEBSITE

www.epa.gov - EPA WEBSITEwww.epa.gov - EPA WEBSITE

www.cdc.gov/niosh - NIOSH WEBSITEwww.cdc.gov/niosh - NIOSH WEBSITE

www.hud.gov - HUD WEBSITEwww.hud.gov - HUD WEBSITE

__________________________________________________________________________

ANDREW BURGIE, M.S.ANDREW BURGIE, M.S.

Center for Occupational and Environmental Center for Occupational and Environmental Health at Hunter CollegeHealth at Hunter College

(212) 481-7652(212) 481-7652

lead-based paint investigations andrew burgie, ms center for occupational & environmental health...

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