Leadership style

Presented by :- Ramdev Pal Ravi Malhotra Rimjhim Maurya Rishikesh Kr. Sharma Sandeep Kumar Rajak

WHAT IS LEADERSHIP STYLE ?

oThey are the patterns of behavior which a leader adopts in influencing the behavior of his followers.

oIt is the manner of providing direction, implementing plans and motivating people.

BEHAVIORAL LEADERSHIP STYLE….

In this leadership style, the leader gives more emphasis on his behavior rather than traits for providing leadership.

His effectiveness is determined primarily by his specific behavior.

SITUATIONAL LEADERSHIP STYLEIn this style, the leader adjusts his style to fit with the followers and the situation.

His success is determined by his effectiveness to deal with situations based on his traits.

TYPES OF LEADERSHIP STYLEBased on behavioral approach :-

1. Power orientation2. Leadership as a continuum3. Employee - production orientation4. Likert’s management system5. Managerial grid6. Tri- dimensional grid

BASED ON SITUATIONAL APPROACH

Fiedler’s contingency model

Hersey and Blanchard’s situational model

Path goal model

POWER ORIENTATIONThis approach is based on the degree

of authority which a leader uses in influencing the behavior of his subordinates.

They are of three types:-Autocratic

Participative

Free- rein

AUTOCRATIC LEADERSHIPStrict Autocrat

Benevolent Autocrat

Incompetent Autocrat

Leadership as ContinuumThey are in fact a variety of styles of

leadership behavior between two extremes of autocratic and free rein.

AutocraticFree- rein

Use of authority by the manager

Area of freedom by the subordinates

Boss-centered

Employee-centered

EMPLOYEE- PRODUCTION MODEL

The employee orientation stresses the relationship aspects of employee jobs. It emphasizes that every individual is important.

The production orientation emphasizes production and technical aspects of jobs and employees are taken as tools for accomplishing the jobs.

System 1 : Exploitative Democratic- The leaders are highly autocratic and

they take decisions unilaterally. They have no

confidence on their subordinates and have no

confidence on there subordinates

System 2: Benevolent Autocratic- The leaders are

autocratic but not highly autocratic. They sometimes consult there subordinates and have some confidence

in them but keep strict control over them.

LICKERT’S 4 SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT

System 3: Consultative• The leaders consult their

subordinates before taking final decisions and also believe in delegating some authority to them.

System 4: Democratic• The leaders discuss the

issues with their subordinates and decisions are taken by consensus.

Tridimensional Grid Reddin develoved a three

dimensional grid , also known as 3-D management borrowing some of the ideas from managerial grid.

Three dimensions represent task orientation, relationship orientation and effectiveness

Managerial GridThis style develoved by Blake & Mouton is based on two dimensional view of leadership style. They proposed “concern for people” and “concern for production” as the two dimensionsThey given a model in the form of grid which has been formulated on two 9 point scales as depicted in the following diagram and have identified five leadership styles.

1.9 9.9

5.5

1.1 9.1

Concern for people

Concern for production

1,9- Low concern for production and high concern for people

9,9- High concern for both people and production

5,5- Moderate concern for both people and production

9,1- High concern for production and low concern for people

1,1- Low concern for both production and people

In this approach there are four basic styles resulting into 8 styles these eight styles result from 8 possible combination of task orientation , relationship orientation and effectiveness as shown in figure below

Basic style Less effective style More effective style

Integrated Compromiser Executive

Dedicated Autocrat Benevolent Autocrat

Related Missionary Developer

Separated Deserter Bureaucrat

Fiedler’s contingency modelThese model proposes that effectiveness of

the leadership depends on attaining a proper match between the leadership style and situational variables.

Leadership styles may be task –oriented (job oriented) or relationship oriented (employee oriented)

The situational variables may be leader member relations , task structure and position power.

Hersey-Blanchard modelAccording to this model effective

leadership is dependent on obtaining a match between leadership style and level of maturity of followers, i.e. , leadership style should vary to match the subordinates maturity level.

The model has three variables- Task behavior , relationship behavior and maturity.

Path goal modelAs per this model the role of the leader is to

clearly show the path to the subordinates through proper direction.

The leader define and explain the organizational goals to the subordinates and try to remove the barriers in their path achievement.

A leader may choose any of these four styles – directive , supportive, participative or achievement oriented.

CONCLUSION No leadership style is best.Different situation demands different leadership

style.A leadership is affected by- Type of organization (size,

structure etc) Leader’s experience Confidence in subordinates Nature of business problems Subordinate’s skill and competency Employee’s trust in manager Nature of task (cooperative,

directive etc)

REFERENCES

Book: Principles and practice of management by L.M. PrasadBook: Human resource management by Shashi K. GuptaBook: Human resource management by C.B. Gupta Link: http://study.com/academy/lesson