leadership styles and examples
TRANSCRIPT
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Leadership Styles: Autocratic
(Authoritarian) O does not consult employees for input
O subordinates expected to obey orders without explanations
O motivation provided through structured rewards and punishments
O possess total authority and impose their will on employees
O countries such as Cuba and North Korea operate under the autocratic leadership style.
O this leadership style benefits employees who require close supervision.
O Creative employees who thrive in group functions detest this leadership style.
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"I WILL ALWAYS CHOOSE A LAZY PERSON TO DO A DIFFECULT JOB, BECAUSE HE WILL FIND AN EASY WAY
TO DO IT" -Bill Gates
"I'm not bossy I just know what you should be doing"
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Leadership Styles: Bureaucratic
O Manager manages “by the book¨
O If it isn’t covered by the book, the
manager refers to the next level above
him or her
O Everything must be done according to
procedure or policy
O Police officer more than leader
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Leadership Styles: Democratic
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Leadership Styles: DemocraticO Often referred to as participative style
O Keeps employees informed
O Shares decision making and problemsolving responsibilities
O “Coach” who has the final say, but…
O Gathers information from staff membersbefore making decisions
O Leadership boosts employee moralebecause employees make contributions tothe decision-making process.
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Democratic Continued…
O When a company needs to make changes within theorganization, the participative leadership style helpsemployees accept changes easily because they play a role inthe process.
O This style meets challenges when companies need to make adecision in a short period.
O Help employees evaluate their own performance
O Allows employees to establish goals
O Encourages employees to grow on the job and be promoted
O Recognizes and encourages achievement
O Can produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
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"Leader don’t create more followers, they create
more leaders" Tom Peters
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Leadership Styles: Coercive
OPower from a person’s authority to punish
OMost obvious types of power a leader has.
OGood leaders use coercive power only as a last resort: O In today’s sophisticated and complex
workplace, excessive use of coercive power unleashes unpredictable and destabilizing forces which can ultimately undermine the leader using it.
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When to use Coercive
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Leadership Styles: TransactionalO Motivate followers by appealing to their own
self-interest
O Motivate by the exchange process. O EX: business owners exchange status and wages for
the work effort of the employee.
O Focuses on the accomplishment of tasks & good worker relationships in exchange for desirable rewards.
O Encourage leader to adapt their style and behavior to meet expectations of followers
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Transactional Cont.O Managers using the transactional leadership style receive
certain tasks to perform and provide rewards orpunishments to team members based on performanceresults.
O Managers and team members set predetermined goalstogether, and employees agree to follow the direction andleadership of the manager to accomplish those goals.
O The manager possesses power to review results and trainor correct employees when team members fail to meetgoals.
O Employees receive rewards, such as bonuses, when theyaccomplish goals.
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Leadership Styles: Transformational
O Charismatic and visionary
O Inspire followers to transcend their self-interest for the organization
O Appeal to followers' ideals and values
O Inspire followers to think about problems in new or different ways
O Common strategies used to influence followers include vision and framing
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Transformational cont.
O Instils feelings of confidence, admiration and commitment
O Stimulates followers intellectually, arousing them to develop new ways to think about problems.
O Uses contingent rewards to positively reinforce desirable performances
O Flexible and innovative.
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When to use Transformational
O When leaders want members to be an active part of the organization and have ownership to it
O When leaders are building a sense of purpose
O When the organization has a long term plan
O When people need to be motivated
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"(He) possessed the gift of silence."
(Comment by President John Adams about George Washington)
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Leadership Styles: Laissez-Faire
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Leadership Styles: Laissez-FaireO Also known as the “hands-off¨ style
O Little or no direction
O Gives followers as much freedom as possible
O All authority or power is given to the followers
O Followers must determine goals, make
decisions, and resolve problems on their own.
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O Employees are highly skilled, experienced, and educated
O Employees have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
O Outside experts, such as staff specialists or consultants are being used
O Employees are trustworthy and experienced
When to use Laissez-Faire
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Laissez-Faire
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Other Referenced Theories
Theory X and Theory Y
O Theory X and Theory Y each represent different ways in which leaders view employees.
O Theory X is the traditional view of direction and control by managers.
O Theory Y is the view that individual and organizational goals can be integrated
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Management/Leader
Tight control, lots of rules, no
freedom
Staff/
Followers
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Staff/
Followers
Lots of freedom, creativity & responsibility
Management/
Leader
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Other Referenced TheoriesOther Referenced Theories
Hersey-Blanchard
Situational Leadership
OBased on the amount of direction (task-
behavior) and amount of socio-emotional
support (relationship-behavior) a leader
must provide given the situation and the
"level of maturity" of the followers.
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Selecting a StyleO Some people are motivated by reward
O Some people are motivated by punishment
O Social systems work best with a chain of command
O When people have agreed to do a job, a part of the deal is that they cede authority to their leader
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