LEADERSHIP STYLES

CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

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Leadership Styles

TOTALITARIANISM – Severe form of Authoritarianism CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

-absolute control

-a system where all economic activity is controlled by a political party

-leadership by a dictator who has complete power. They are usually aggressive and or racist

-when a goal must be accomplished by a set time -when all citizens / members obey the policies set by the leaders

-if citizens / members do not agree to the rules or policies -if leaders do not follow the same rules as expected by their citizens / members

-countries belonging to the former Soviet Union, China, Cuba, North Korea

-Germany in the 1930’s-40’s

CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

-political power is held by a single individual-tells others what to do -limits discussion on ideas-can be elected into power and is a less extreme form of totalitarianism

-decisions are made by a king or queen (monarch)

-time is limited in decision making -individuals/ group lack still and knowledge -group members / citizens do not get along or are unable to co-operate

-developing a strong sense of team is a goal-group members or citizens have some degree of skill /knowledge

-Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Yemen, Kuwait, and Jordan

AUTOCRATIC - Monarchy

CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

-decisions are made by the majority

-power rests in the body of citizens and the head of government is not a king or queen (monarch)

-high degree of skill and motivation among group members-a sense of team exists -routines are familiar to participants

-low sense of team /interdependence-members have low degree of skill / knowledge -group expects what to be told what to do

-Canada, U.S

DEMOCRATIC

CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

-no group leader or recognized system of government

-a state of social disorder due to lack of government

-time is available -group is motivated and /or a sense of team exists -members of the group have some degree of skill/knowledge

-group is unmotivated-members have little skill or knowledge-high degree of conflict is present

-Somalia - Haiti

LAISSEZ-FAIRE

*Often results in Anarchy

CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

-leadership by the religion

-if all members possess the same understanding of the religion -values / morals and ethics are the same for all members involved

-if religious rules and regulations are interpreted differently among citizens / members-if values / morals and ethics are different for citizens / members

-Ayatollah Khomeini of Iran (1979-1989)

THEOCRATIC

CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

-decisions made by those who are considered to be superior through wealth or education

- when the aristocracy is interested in the welfare of the people

- when the aristocracy becomes self interested in maintaining the “status quo”

- France - Estates System

ARISTOCRACY