learning language theories
TRANSCRIPT
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LANGUAGE LEARNING THEORIES
HALINA OSTAŃKOWICZ- BAZAN
JANUARY 2016
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Most important theories related to language learning. 1. Behaviorist, 2. Cognitive, 3. Constructivism, 4. Chomsky’s Universal Grammar 5. Schumann’s Acculturation / Orientation in a new culture, 6. Krashen’s Monitor
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Language Learning Theories
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Learning?
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Change
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Applying the Science of Learning by Richard E. Mayer
• How people learn• How to help people learn• How to determine what people know
Language Learning
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Instruction
LearningAssessment
Science of Learning
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Science of LearningKliknij ikonę, aby dodać obraz
Learning Theory
Educational Practice
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Language Learning
Behaviorist
Universal Gramma
Krashen’s MonitorCognitive
Acculturation
Schumann’s
Conversation
Theories
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LANGUAGE LEARNING
Behaviorism
• Four characteristics of behaviorism:1) imitation, 2) practice, 3) reinforcement, and 4) habit formation
• Brooks (1960) & Lado (1964):- emphasizing mimicry and memorization (audiolingual teaching methods)
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LANGUAGE LEARNING
Environment Changes Behavior
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Change in KnowledgeBehavior
Language Learning
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LEARNINGL ANGUAGE
• Innatism■ Universal Grammar (UG) in
relation to second language
development
■ Competence vs.
Performance
■ Krashen’s “monitor model”
Language Learning
Universal Grammar
ChomskyChomskyChomskyChomsky
The Theory of Universal Grammar
Chomsky believed that it was more than a coincidence that the majority of human languages follow similar
rules and patterns when it comes to grammar.
He believed that, while differences exist between languages,
• they all share core common grammatical traits
• the globe share essential grammatical features
Innate Language Chomsky
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Krashen’sMonitor
Language Learning
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■Universal Grammar (UG) in relation to second
language development
■Competence vs. Performance
■Krashen’s “monitor model”
Innatism
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Innatism is a philosophical and epistemological doctrine that holds that the mind is born with ideas/knowledge, and that therefore the mind is not a "blank slate" at birth, as early empiricists such as John Locke claimed. It asserts that not all knowledge is gained from experience and the senses.
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Acquire foreign
language same as
first
Language Learning
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Language Learning
Cognitive style or "thinking style" is a term used in cognitive
psychology to describe the way individuals think, perceive and
remember information.
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Conversation Strategies
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There are three categories as related to:• the Speaker,• the Environment, • the Listener
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Three Communication Styles
Passive
Aggressive
Assertive
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Orientation Into
New Culture
Language Learning
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A social interaction is an exchange between two or more individuals and is a building block of
society.
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Social Interactions
Language Learning
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Language Learning Theories
• What does each language theory emphasize?
• How will each language learning theory contribute to your teaching?
• What language theory did your teachers use to teach a foreign language?
• What language theory do you prefer? Why?
• Will you use one or multiple language theories? Why?
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Summary
• There is no agreement on a “complete” theory of second language acquisition yet.
• Each theoretical framework has a different focus and its limitations.
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http://www.learning-theories.com/ http://gsi.berkeley.edu/gsi-guide-contents/learning-theory-research/ http://infed.org/mobi/learning-theory-models-product-and-process/ http://tip.psychology.org/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/heycoach/1197947341/ http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/theories.htm https://ows.edb.utexas.edu/site/sara%C3%ADs-e-porfolio/theories-language-learning https://youtu.be/YPcBPNRTjmQ
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1. Thorndike, E. L. and Woodworth, R. S. (1901) "The influence of improvement in one mental function upon the efficiency of other functions",Psychological Review 8
2. Helfenstein, S. (2005). Transfer: review, reconstruction, and resolution. Thesis, University of Jyväskylä. ISBN 951-39-2386-X.
3. Phillips and Soltis. Perspectives on Learning. Teachers College. pp. 70–72.5. Bransford , J. D., Brown, A. L., & Cocking, R. R. (2000). How people learn: Brain, mind, experience, and school. (Expanded ed., PDF). Washington D.C.: National Academy Press, ISBN 0309070368.6.Bransford , J. D., Brown, A. L., & Cocking, R. R. (2000). How people learn: Brain, mind, experience, and school. (Expanded ed., PDF). Washington D.C.: National Academy Press, ISBN 0309070368.7. Barrouillet, P. (Ed.), & Gauffroy, C. (Ed.) (2013). The development of thinking and reasoning: Psychology Press.8.Pugh, K. J., & Bergin, D. A. (2006). "Motivational influences on transfer". Educational Psychologist 41 (3): 147–160.doi:10.1207/s15326985ep4103_2.9. Choi, S., Meeuwsen, H., French, R., Sherrill, C., & McCabe, R. Motor Skill Acquition, Rentention, and Transfer in Adults with Profound Mental Retardation . Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly , 18, 257-272.10. Schunk, D. (2004). Learning theories: An educational perspective (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Pearson, p. 220, ISBN 0130384968.11.Cree, V., & Macaulay, (2000). Transfer of learning in professional and vocational education. Routledge, ISBN 0415204186.12. Ormrod, J. E. (2004). Human learning (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Pearson, ISBN 0132595184