learning spanish - 1c

8/9/2019 Learning Spanish - 1c

1/18

58 Unit 1: Welcome to the Spanish-Speaking World

El dinero (Money)

When we purchase things in the United States, we use dollars (dlares).However, when you travel, you must check to see what currency, ormoney, each country uses. There are many countries where Spanish isspoken, but they use different currencies. And even though countries mayhave currencies with the same name, the value is different.

Here is a list of some countries and the currency, or money, they use.

Country Currency

Puerto Rico el dlar Spain el Eurodlar

Per el sol

Guatemala el quetzal

Ecuador el dlar

El Salvador, Costa Rica el coln

Venezuela el bolvar

Panam el balboa / el dlar

Honduras el lempira

Nicaragua el crdoba

Paraguay el guaran

Argentina el peso

Colombia el peso

Mxico el peso

Chile el peso

Cuba el peso

Dominican Republic el peso

Uruguay el peso


2/18

Unit 1: Welcome to the Spanish-Speaking World 59

Shopping in a Spanish-speaking countryhas its differences also. You may see pricessuch as 25,50 or 10,15. Notice that in manySpanish-speaking countries, the use of thecomma and the decimal point is reversed.The number 2,000 in Spanish is written2.000.

Shopping in a Spanish-speakingcountry has its differences.

Banking - 40k-60kCandidate must possess strongbusiness skills. Three yearsexperience in banking industryrequired. While the ability to speakSpanish is not required it isconsidered a benefit to most ofour clients.

BILINGUAL SECRETARY

F i r m s e e k s l e g asecretary with a minof two years experiin litigation. Mustminimum of 70 wpm ahave strong MS Worskills. Ability toSpanish a PLUS!

B I L I N G UA L

P h y s i c a l T h

e r a p i s t

D e g r e e a

n d t r a i n

i n g i n B

L

c e r ti f i c

a t i o n p r

o g r a m . B

S p a ni s h /

E n g li s h

a bi g

S h o u l d

h a v e b a

s i c c o m

k n o w l

e d g e a n d

k n o w l e d

g

p h y s ic a l

t h e r a

p y m a

o p e r a t i o n

a n d a p p

l i

$ 4 0 , 0 0 0

- $ 5 0 , 0 0 0 / Y e

aBILINGUALENTRY LEVELFull-time employee, highschool education required.Healthcare Services. Fluencyin Spanish is highly desirable.Must be able to work evenings.

Consumer Service

High School Diploma. The ability

to work in a team environment.Punctuality and dependability area must. Spanish/English a plus.Upbeat positive personality. $9.00to $10.00/Hour

B I L I N G U A

L 2 0 K

C A R A U

D I O S A

L E S R E

P

S a l e s o r m a r k e

t i n g e x p e r i e n c e

.

T h r e e y e a r s

i n s t a l l a t i o n

e x p e r i e n c e r e q

u i r e d, e x c e l l e n

t

c o m m u n i c a t i o

n s k i l l s, a n d

c o m p u t e r s k i l

l s. B i l i n g u a l i

n

S p a n i s h / E n g

l i s h a m u s t

.

Look at the jobs listed. There are many jobs thatneed Spanish-speaking people. Before you make acareer choice, it is wise to talk with as many peopleas you can about the jobs they do. Find out if theylike their jobs and what is required to do their jobs.Look at the want ads. In many parts of the country,there are many jobs that need Spanish-speakingpeople.

Jobs Needing Spanish-Speaking People


3/18


Prctica (Practice)

El alfabeto (Alphabet)

In Spanish, el alfabetois also called el abecedario. When you pronounce thefirst four letters of the alphabet, you will see why. None of their letters aredifferent from English. However, there are some double letters that areconsidered to be separate letters of the alphabet.

Note: In Spanish dictionaries or directories, entries beginning with theletter are listed separately. Before 1994, entries for CH and LLwere also listed as separate letters. The Association of SpanishLanguage Academies voted to eliminate the separate listings.These letters are now listed under C and L. Other sources say thatthe RR is a sound and not a separate letter of the alphabet.

Also note that only three consonants can be doubled in a SpanishwordC , L , and R.

Listen as the teacher models thealphabet in Spanish. Look at the letters belowas each one is pronounced.

escuchen (listen)

A B C C H D E F G H I J K L L L M

N O P Q R R R S T U V W X Y Z

This time, listen and repeat the letters .

escuchen (listen) repitan (repeat)

The letters of the alphabet are always pronounced the same way. Only oneletter is silent, and that is the letter H . Once you know the sounds theletters make, it is easy to figure out how to pronounce a word.


4/18


Spelling Words in Spanish

Here is how the number dos would be spelled in Spanish: d, o, s. Whatabout words with accent marks? When spelling words in Spanish, accentmarks are considered to be part of the word. Therefore, note the following:

If a letter has an accent mark over it, you add the words con acentoafter the letter if you are spelling it out loud. For example, the worddlar would be spelled d , o con acento , l , a , r. The accent mark is usedover vowels to show that the syllable is stressed. Accent marks areconsidered to be part of spelling, and should not be omitted.

The tilde (~) mark over the n (as in seor) indicates the ny sound(like the English word, cany on).

a .................... (a) ............ [ah]

b .................. (be) .......... [beh]

c .................. (ce) .......... [seh]

d .................. (de) .......... [deh]

e .................... (e) ............ [eh]

f .................. (efe) ...... [eh-feh]

g .................. (ge) .......... [heh]

h ............ (hache) ... [ah-cheh]

i ...................... (i) ............ [ee]

j ................. (jota) ...... [ho-tah]

k .................. (ka) .......... [kah]

l .................. (ele) ....... [el-leh]

m .............. (eme) ... [em-meh]

n ................ (ene) ..... [en-neh]

................ (ee) ... [ehn-yeh]

o .................... (o) ............ [oh]

p .................. (pe) .......... [peh]

q .................. (cu) .......... [coo]

r .................. (ere) ........... [ere]

rr ...............(erre) ...... [er-reh]

s ................ (ese) ..... [es-seh]

t .................... (te) ........... [teh]

u .................... (u) ............ [oo]

v ....... (ve or uve) .......... [veh]

w ...... (doble ve or doble uve)...................... [doe-bleh veh]

x ............. (equis) ...... [eh-kis]

y ..................... (i griega or ye).......................... [ee grie-gah]

z ............... (zeta) .... [seh-tah]


5/18


Prctica (Practice)

Use the Spanish alphabet on the previous page to spell the following words to your partner .

1. cinco

2. nmeros

3. siete

4. diecisis

5. uno6. ocho


6/18


Prctica (Practice)

Here are somecommon names from Spanish-speaking countries . Choose aname for yourself.

Chicos (boys) Chicas (girls)

Alberto (Beto)

AlejandroBernardoCarlosDiegoEduardo (Edi, Lalo)Enrique (Quico)Francisco (Cisco, Paco, Pancho)GonzaloHoracioIgnacio (Nacho)JorgeLorenzoLuisMiguelNicolsOctavioPabloPedroRafael (Rafa)Ricardo (Riqui)Roberto (Beto)Salvador Santiago (Santi)TomsVictor

Alicia (Licha)

ngelaBeatriz (Bea)Cristina (Tina)DanielaElena (Nena)Emilia (Emi)FlorenciaGuadalupe (Lupe)InsIsabel (Isa)Josefina (Pepita)Juana (Juanita)Marcela (Chela)MaraNatalia (Nati)NormaPalomaPilar RaquelRosario (Charo)Soledad (Sole)SusanaTeresa (Tere)Vernica (Vero)Yolanda (Yoli)

Me llamo .

My name is .

Cmo te llamas?What is your name?

Me llamo .

My name is .

Cmo te llamas?What is your name?

M el l a m o

D i e go .

In Spanish, all nouns have either a masculine or feminine gender.Masculine nouns usually end in -o and feminine nouns usually end in -a.


7/18


Prctica (Practice)

A capital letter in Spanish is called mayscula . Listen as the teacher modelshow the peoples names are spelled .

escuchen (listen)

Marta

Jos

Antonio

Pilar

Hctor

minscula j (lower case letter)mayscula J (capital letter)


8/18


Prctica (Practice)

Listenas the teacher

spells wordsin Spanish.

Writethe words you

hearspelled on the lines below. When you have finished, check your answers withwhat the teacher writes on the board.

escuchen (listen)

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


9/18


Prctica (Practice)

With a partner, practice spelling your name and your partners name inSpanish . Dont forget to mention the capital letter, mayscula , and if there isan accent mark, con acento . First write your names, then spell them aloud .

1. your name__________________________________________________

2. partners name ______________________________________________

J mayscula o s con acento

L m a y s c u l a

u i s


10/18


Prctica (Practice)

Los saludos y las despedidas (Greetings and Goodbyes)

Below is adialogue between two friends named Pacoand Ana. They will greet one another and then saygoodbye .

Listen and repeat as the teacher models the followingdialogue in Spanish. Then read theEnglish translation to yourself .

escuchen (listen)

repitan (repeat)

Paco: Hola, Ana! Paco: Hi, Ana!

Ana: Hola, Paco! Ana: Hi, Paco!

Paco: Qu tal? Paco: Hows it going?

Ana: Bien, gracias. Y t? Ana: Fine, thanks. And you?

Paco: Bien, gracias. Paco: Fine, thanks.Ana: Adis, Paco. Ana: Goodbye, Paco.

Paco: Adis, Ana. Hasta luego. Paco: Goodbye, Ana. See you later.

Now, listen and repeat the dialogue again .

Do the following. While speaking in Spanish, use appropriate gestures and

expressions .1. In Spanish, greet the people sitting around you.

2. Now ask how they are.

3. Then say goodbye to them.

Qu tal?

Bien, gracias.Y t?


11/18


La puntuacin (Punctuation)

You will notice that punctuation in Spanishsometimes appears different from English.In Spanish, a question mark and anexclamation are put at the beginning of thesentence as well as at the end. They arewritten upside down at the beginning of aquestion or an exclamation. This gives you aclue as to how to read the sentence. You knowahead of time if you should raise your voice atthe end of the sentence or if you should speak in an excited tone of voice.

Remember: Accent marks are part of spelling and should not beomitted.

Cmo se escribe

Gerardo? (How do you spell Gerardo?) J?


12/18


Prctica (Practice)

Put punctuation marks , accent marks , and capital letters in the followingsentences. Refer to pages 67-68 as needed.

1. hola marta ______________________________________________

2. que tal hector ______________________________________________

3. adios jose ______________________________________________

Use the vocabulary lists on pages 7-31 to write and punctuate additionalsentences in Spanish and translate them into English .

4. Spanish:____________________________________________________

English: ____________________________________________________

5. Spanish:____________________________________________________

English: ____________________________________________________

6. Spanish:____________________________________________________

English: ____________________________________________________

7. Spanish:____________________________________________________

English: ____________________________________________________

8. Spanish:____________________________________________________

English: ____________________________________________________


13/18


Saludos y despedidas (Greetings and Goodbyes)

Saludos (Greetings)

SaludosGreetings

Qu tal?Hows it going?

Buenas noches.Good evening ( or night).

Buenas tardes.

Good afternoon.

Hola!Hello! or Hi! Buenos das.

Good morning.

Cmo ests?How are you?

Qu pasa?Whats the matter?or Whats going on?

Despedidas (Goodbyes)

DespedidasGoodbyes

Bueno, tengo clase.Well, I have class.

Hasta maana.See you tomorrow.

Chao.Bye.

Hasta luego.See you later.

Adis.Goodbye.

Tengo que irme.I have to go.


14/18


Responses to Cmo ests? (How are you?)

Cmo ests? (How are you?)

Cmo ests?How are you?

Excelente.Excellent or Great.

Horrible!Horrible!

(Muy) mal.(Very) bad.

As, as.So-so or Fair.

Regular.Regular or Normal.

Estoy bien.Im fine or Im well.

Bien.Fine or Well.


15/18


Prctica (Practice)

Match each Spanish greeting or goodbye with the English translation .

______ 1. Adis.

______ 2. Bien, gracias.

______ 3. Qu tal?

______ 4. Hola!

______ 5. Hasta luego.

______ 6. Y t?

A. And you?

B. Fine, thanks.

C. Goodbye.

D. Hello! or Hi!

E. Hows it going?

F. See you later.

A d i s


16/18


Prctica (Practice)

With a partner, practice saying the followinggreetings to the people described.Refer to pages 70-71.

1. You see another friend and you say

Hi!

!

2. You see one of your teachers, Mrs. Martinez, and you say

Good morning, Mrs. Martinez.

das (morning), seora Martinez.

3. You see your best friend and you ask

How is it going?

?

4. You see the principal of the school, Miss Keele, and you say

Good afternoon, Miss Keele.

tardes (afternoon), seorita Keele.

5. You see your math teacher, Mr. McAllister, and you ask

Hows it going, Mr. McAllister?

, seor McAllister?

6. You see your neighbor, Mrs. Carlson, and you say

Good night, Mrs. Carlson.

noches (night), seora Carlson.


17/18


Los das de la semana (Days of the Week)

There are a couple of things about the days of the week that are differentfrom English. First, you will notice that the days are not capitalized unlessthey are the first word of a sentence. This is because the days are notconsidered proper nouns.

Los das de la semanaDays of the Week

lunes Monday

martes Tuesday

mircoles Wednesday

jueves Thursday

viernes Friday

sbado Saturday

domingo Sunday

Mara tiene un examen el martes.Ella tiene que estudiar.(Maria has a test on Tuesday.She has to study.)

No es fcil aprender matemticas.Hay que practicar mucho.(It isnt easy to learn mathematics.It is necessary to practice a lot.)


18/18

U i 1 W l h S i h S ki W ld 75

Second, if you compare an English calendar to a Spanish calendar(calendario), you will notice that the first day of the week on a Spanishcalendar is Monday ( lunes), not Sunday ( domingo). Sunday is the last dayof the week.

lunes martesmircoles jueves viernessbado domingo

1 2

8 96 74 53

mayo

When someone wants to know what day it is, they ask the following:

Qu da es hoy? (What day is today?)

Your answer could be as follows:

Hoy es mircoles. (Today is Wednesday.)

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