learning standard vocabulary quarter 1 english 234/235 mr. sanders test = 10/21/15 19 words some you...
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LEARNING STANDARD VOCABULARY
QUARTER 1ENGLISH 234/235
Mr. Sanders
TEST = 10/21/15
19 wordsSome you already know…
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DAY 1
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CITE
– PART OF SPEECH• Verb– DEFINITION
• To quote (a passage, book, author, etc), especially as an authority– EXAMPLE
• -He cited the Constitution in his defense.• -I will cite the author Sanders in my paper
about English and public speaking.
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CITATION– PART OF SPEECH
• Noun– DEFINITION
• A quotation (direct or paraphrased) taken from a reference to a book, paper, or author, especially in a scholarly work– EXAMPLE
• -There were dozens of citations from the work of Shakespeare in his paper.
• -I used multiple citations in my speech from Sanders’ book Effective Public Speaking.
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DYNAMIC CHARACTER– PART OF SPEECH
• Noun– DEFINITION
• A character that changes throughout the course of a story as a result of the conflicts they encounter on their journey.– EXAMPLE
• http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-dynamic-character-definition-examples.html
• Ebenezer Scrooge (Miserable…. Generous)• Harry Potter (Regular Kid…. Wizard)
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ROUND CHARACTER– PART OF SPEECH
• Noun– DEFINITION
• Complex and undergo develop, sometimes sufficiently to surprise the reader. Capable of change. Can be dynamic.
• Contradictory traits– EXAMPLE
• Susie – never cuts anyone a break. She is against charity and
compassion for others. However, she can never pass up a chance to feed animals in the park or be helpful to pets.
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FOIL CHARACTER– PART OF SPEECH
• Noun– DEFINITION
• A character with qualities that are in contrast with another character. The point is to highlight the traits of another character.– EXAMPLE
• Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde• The Mask – Jim Carrey• The Hulk
– …Similar to ROUND CHARACTER
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STATIC CHARACTER– PART OF SPEECH
• Noun– DEFINITION
• -Opposite of dynamic characters; these characters do not change
• -Events in the story do NOT alter the character’s outlook, personality, motivation, perception, or habits.– EXAMPLE: Scar - Lion King
• http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-static-character-definition-examples.html
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FLAT CHARACTER (VERY similar to static)
– PART OF SPEECH• Noun– DEFINITION
• Two-dimensional in that they are relatively non-complicated and do NOT change throughout the course of a work. One maybe two personality traits.– EXAMPLE
• Wolf Pack is always tired and grumpy and behaving in anti-semetic ways.
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DIRECT CHARACTERIZATION
– PART OF SPEECH• Noun– DEFINITION
• The process by which the personality of a fictitious character is revealed by the use of descriptive adjectives or phrases.– EXAMPLE
• The man, Joe Smith, was tall and stern looking.
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INDIRECT CHARACTERIZATION
– PART OF SPEECH• Noun– DEFINITION
• The process by which the personality of a fictitious character is revealed through the character's speech, actions, appearance, etc.– EXAMPLE
• “I can’t believe I hit my head walking in the door frame!” Joe exclaimed.
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EUPHEMISM– PART OF SPEECH
• Noun– DEFINITION
• A mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing– EXAMPLE
• “Pass away” instead of “Die”• “Few extra pounds” instead of “Fat”• “Being laid off” instead of “Fired”
– SYNONYM• Polite term, substitute, alternative phrasing
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DAY 2
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OXYMORON
– PART OF SPEECH
• Noun– DEFINITION
• A figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction – EXAMPLE
• Jumbo shrimp; Great Depression; Pretty Ugly; Living Dead, Clearly misunderstood, Small crowd, original copy, known secret, dark light
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JARGON– PART OF SPEECH
• Noun– DEFINITION
• Special words or expressions that are used by particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand.– EXAMPLE
• BTW = By the way; CYA = See you around; TTYL = Talk to you later– SYNONYM
• Slang, idiom
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CUMULATIVE
– PART OF SPEECH
• Adjective– DEFINITION
• Increasing or growing by successive additions– EXAMPLE
• The points in this class are not cumulative because we are on a 70% Summative and 30% Formative system.
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TONE
– DEFINITION
• Author’s attitude (Ex: formal, informal, playful, serious, etc)– EXAMPLE
• Dr. Seuss used a playful tone in his book.
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FORMAL TONE
– DEFINITION
• The writer is serious about the word choice and particular to the use of language– EXAMPLE
• -Research papers; avoids slang; complex sentences; fully supporting arguments
• -Writing to the school board or elected official
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INFORMAL TONE
– DEFINITION
• Simple and colloquial (similar to spoken conversation)– EXAMPLE
• -Writer may use slang, jargon, and abbreviations
• -Writing to your friends or BAE
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EMERGE
– PART OF SPEECH
• Verb– DEFINITION
• To become known of apparent– EXAMPLE
• The theme became clear and emerged in the 2nd half of the novel.
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RHETORIC– PART OF SPEECH
• Noun– DEFINITION
• Language that is intended to influence and persuade people. Effective writing and/or speaking. Helps convince readers/listeners of their point-of-view.– EXAMPLE
• “I would die if you asked me to sing in front of class!” – Use of hyperbole to persuade others not to use force to do something you don’t want to do.
• Ex: Shampoo commercial, a model says, “I can’t stop touching my hair!” This is to entice the viewer through visual and spoken rhetoric to have soft, shiny hair like her.
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INTENDEND AUDIENCE– PART OF SPEECH
• Noun– DEFINITION
• Who the author thinks will be the people reading or listening to them– EXAMPLE
• Local Newspaper SJR = Intended Audience – People in Springfield, IL• Won’t be everyone in Springfield, IL but most• Won’t limit themselves to words a 5 year old would know• FOX News = Intended Audience - Republican &
Conservative• MSNBC News = Intended Audience - Democratic & Liberal