lección 15 1 the future (el futuro)
TRANSCRIPT
Lección 15
1 The future (El futuro) Most Spanish verbs are regular in the future
tense. The infinitive serves as the stem of almost all of them, and the
endings are the same for all three conjugations.
The Future Tense =Infinitive + Stem Ending
yo trabajar - é trabajaré
tú aprender - ás aprenderás
Ud. escribir - á escribirá
él hablar - á hablará
ella decidir - á decidirá
nosotros(-as) dar - emos daremos
vosotros(-as) ir - éis iréis
Uds. caminar - án caminarán
ellos perder - án perderán
ellas recibir - án recibirán
Note that all the endings, except the one for the nosotros form, have
written accents.
-¿Qué clases tomarás el año próximo?
-No sé. Lo decidiré cuando hable con mi consejero.
"What classes will you take next
year?"
"I don't know. I'll decide when I
talk with my advisor."
The English equivalent of the Spanish future is will or shall + a verb. As
you have already learned, Spanish also uses the construction ir a +
infinitive or the present tense with a time expression to express future
action, very much like the English present tense or the expression going
to.
Vamos a ir al estadio esta noche. or Iremos al estadio esta noche.
We're going (We'll go) to the stadium tonight.
Anita toma el examen mañana. or: Anita tomará el examen mañana.
Anita is taking (will take)the exam tomorrow.
The Spanish future is not used to express willingness, as is the English
future. In Spanish this is expressed with the verb querer.
¿Quieres llamar a Tomás? Will you call Tomás?
A small number of verbs are irregular in the future. These verbs use a
modified form of the infinitive as a stem, but have the same endings as
the regular verbs.
Infinitive Irregular Future Stems 1st-person singular
decir (to say, tell) dir- diré
hacer (to make,do) har- haré
querer (to want,love) querr- querré
saber (to know) sabr- sabré
poder (to be able) podr- podré
caber (to fit) cabr- cabré
poner (to place,put) pondr- pondré
venir (to come) vendr- vendré
tener (to have) tendr- tendré
valer (to be worth) valdr- valdré
-¿Qué les dirás a tus padres?
-Les diré que no podremos venir
en enero y que vendremos en
febrero.
"What will you tell your parents?"
"I will tell them that we won't be
able to come in January and that
we will come in February."
The future of hay (impersonal form of haber) is habrá.
¿Habrá una fiesta? Will there be a party?
2 The conditional (El condicional)The conditional tense in Spanish is
equivalent to the conditional in English, expressed by should or would a verb.
Like the future tense, the conditional uses the infinitive as the stem and has
only one set of endings for all three conjugations.
The Conditional Tense =Infinitive + Imperfect Endings
yo trabajar - ía trabajaría
tú aprender - ías aprenderías
Ud. escribir - ía escribiría
él ir - ía iría
ella ser - ía sería
nosotros(-as) dar - íamos daríamos
vosotros(-as) hablar - íais hablaríais
Uds. servir -ían servirían
ellos estar - ían estarían
ellas preferir - ían preferirían
*All of the conditional endings have written accents.
-Él dijo que tomaría esta clase.
-Sí, y también dijo que hablaría con una consejera.
"He said that he would take this class.”
"Yes, and he also said that he would speak with an advisor."
The conditional is also used as the future of a past action. The future
states what will happen; the conditional states what would happen.
Future : (states what will happen)
Él dice que estará aquí mañana. He says that he will be here tomorrow.
Conditional: (states what would happen)
Él dijo que estaría aquí mañana. He said that he would be here tomorrow.
The verbs that have irregular stems in the future tense are also
irregular in the conditional. The endings are the same as those for
regular verbs.
Infinitive Irregular Conditional Stems 1st-person singular
decir (to say, tell) dir- diría
hacer (to make,do) har- haría
querer (to want,love) querr- querría
saber (to know) sabr- sabría
poder (to be able) podr- podría
caber (to fit) cabr- cabría
poner (to place,put) pondr- pondría
venir (to come) vendr- vendría
tener (to have) tendr- tendría
valer (to be worth) valdr- valdría
-¿A qué hora te dijo que
vendría?
-Dijo que saldría de casa a las
dos.
"What time did he tell you he
would come?"
"He said he would leave home at
two."
The conditional of hay (impersonal form of haber) is habría.
Dijo que habría un examen mañana.
He said there would be an exam tomorrow.
3 The future perfect and the conditional perfect (El futuro perfecto y
el condicional perfecto)
A. The future perfect
The future perfect in Spanish corresponds closely in formation and meaning
to the same tense in English. The Spanish future perfect is formed with the
future tense of the auxiliary verb haber + the past participle(-ado/-ido) of
the main verb.
Future tense of haber
habré (I will have) habremos (We will have)
habrás (You will have) habréis (You will have)
habrá (You/He/She will have) habrán (You/They will have)
Formation of the Future Perfect Tense
yo habré terminado I will have finished
tú habrás vuelto you will have returned
Ud./él/ella habrá comido you (he, she) will have eaten
nosotros(-as) habremos escrito we will have written
vosotros(-as) habréis dicho you (fam.) will have said
Uds./ellos/ellas habrán salido you (they) will have left
Like its English equivalent, the future perfect is used to indicate an action
that will have taken place by a certain time in the future.
-¿Tus padres estarán aquí para el dos de junio?
"Will your parents be here by June second?"
-Sí, para esa fecha ya habrán vuelto de Madrid.
"Yes, by that date they will have returned from Madrid."
B. The conditional perfect
The conditional perfect is formed with the conditional tense of the
auxiliary verb haber + the past participle (-ado/-ido) of the main verb.
Conditional tense of haber
habría (I would have) habríamos (We would have)
habrías (You would have) habríais (You would have)
habría (You/He/She would have) habrían (You/They would have)
Formation of the Conditional Perfect Tense
yo habría vuelto I would have returned
tú habrías comido you would have eaten
Ud./él/ella habría salido you (he, she) would have left
nosotros(-as) habríamos estudiado we would have studied
vosotros(-as) habríais hecho you (fam.) would have done
Uds./ellos/ellas habrían muerto you (they) would have died
Like the English conditional perfect, the Spanish conditional perfect is used
to indicate an action that would have taken place but didn't.
-Yo me matriculé ayer.
"I registered yesterday."
-Yo me habría matriculado la semana pasada.
"I would have registered last week."
Summary of the Tenses of the Indicative
Simple Tenses (1 part) -ar -er –ir
Presente hablo como vivo
Pretérito hablé comí viví
Imperfecto hablaba comía vivía
Futuro hablaré comeré viviré
Condicional hablaría comería viviría
Compound Tenses (2 parts)
Pretérito perfecto he hablado he comido he vivido
Pluscuamperfecto había hablado había comido había vivido
Futuro perfecto habré hablado habré comido habré vivido
Condicional perfecto habría hablado habría comido habría vivido
Vocabulario lección 15
el antibiótico antibiotic
la aspirina aspirin
colonial colonial
contagioso(a) contagious
enorme enormous
perfectamente perfectly
el síntoma symptom
la temperatura temperature
el tipo type
la ambulancia ambulance
los árboles frutales fruit trees
el cafecito small (cup of) coffee
el catarro, el resfriado, el resfrío cold (sick)
el chequeo checkup
el consultorio doctor's office
la fiebre fever
la garganta throat
el grado degree
la gripe influenza, flu
el (la) joven young man (woman)
la miel de abeja honey
el patio backyard
la pulmonía pneumonia
el remedio, la medicina medicine
la salud health
el timbre doorbell
la tos cough
curarse to cure oneself, to get better
descansar to rest
doler (o:ue) to hurt
empeorarse to get worse
enyesar to put in a cast
mejorarse to get better, to improve
merendar (e:ie) to have a snack
molestarse to bother (doing something)
preguntar to ask (a question)
recetar to prescribe
sonar (o:ue) to ring
toser to cough
a eso de at about
bien caliente nice and hot
de haber sabido had I known
menos mal it's a good thing
¡Qué gusto de verte! How nice to see you!
¡Qué lástima! What a pity!
¡Ya verás! You'll see!
embarazada pregnant
hacer una radiografía to take an X-ray
la inyección antitetánica tetanus shot
poner una inyección to give a shot
la receta prescription
la sala de rayos X X-ray room
el accidente accident
el ataque al corazón heart attack
la emergencia emergency
romperse, quebrarse to break
la silla de ruedas wheelchair
la oreja ear
el oído inner ear
la lengua tongue
los dientes teeth
la boca mouth
el cuello neck
la nariz nose
el ojo eye
el pelo hair
la cara face
el pecho chest
el estómago stomach
la mano hand
la cabeza head
la espalda back
el pie foot
el tobillo ankle
el dedo de pie toe
la rodilla knee
el dedo finger
Lección 16: Las Carreras
Estructuras
1 The imperfect subjunctive (El imperfecto de subjuntivo)
A. Forms
To form the imperfect subjunctive of all Spanish verbs-regular and
irregular-drop the -ron ending of the third-person plural of the preterit and
add the following endings to the stem.
Imperfect Subjunctive Endings
"-ra form"
-ra ´-ramos
-ras -rais
-ra -ran
Forms of the Imperfect Subjunctive
3rd personal pl. preterit -RON ImpfSubj Stem add new endings
hablaron habla- hablara
aprendieron aprendie- aprendiera
vivieron vivie- viviera
dejaron deja- dejara
fueron fue- fuera
supieron supie- supiera
dijeron dije- dijera
estuvieron estuvie- estuviera
pusieron pusie- pusiera
pidieron pidie- pidiera
The nosotros form of the imperfect subjunctive always
takes an accent on the vowel that precedes the -ra ending.
A second form of the imperfect subjunctive ends in -se rather than -ra:
hablase, hablases, hablase, hablásemos, hablaseis, hablasen. The two
forms are interchangeable, but the -ra form is more commonly used.
B. Uses
The imperfect subjunctive is used in a subordinate clause when the verb of
the main clause is in the past and calls for the subjunctive.
-¿Qué te dijo el médico?
-Me dijo que comiera menos.
-Yo esperaba que el profesor me
diera una "A".
-Bueno, yo te sugerí que estu-
diaras más.
"What did the doctor tell you?"
"He told me to eat less."
"I was hoping that the professor
would give me an A."
"Well, I suggested that you study
more."
When the verb of the main clause is in the present, but the subordinate
clause refers to the past, the imperfect subjunctive is used.
-Es una lástima que no fueras al
teatro ayer.
-No me sentía bien.
"It's a pity that you didn't go to
the theater yesterday."
"I wasn't feeling well."
2 Some uses of the prepositions a, de, and en (Algunos usos de las
preposiciones a, de, y en)
A. A
The preposition a (to, at, in) expresses direction toward a point in space or a
moment in time. It is used for the following purposes.
to indicate the time (hour) of day
-A las cinco salimos para Montevideo. "At five we leave for Montevideo."
after a verb of motion, when followed by an infinitive, a noun, or a pronoun
-Siempre venimos a pescar aquí. "We always come to fish here."
after the verbs empezar, comenzar, enseñar, and aprender when followed
by an infinitive
-Ellos empezaron a esquiar. "They started skiing."
-Yo puedo enseñarte a patinar. "I can teach you to skate."
after the verb llegar
-¿Cuándo llegaron a Río? "When did they arrive in Rio?"
before a direct object noun that refers to a specific person. It may also
be used to personify an animal or a thing
-Yo no conozco a tu padrino. "I don't know your godfather."
-Bañé a mi perro. "I bathed my dog."
If the direct object is not a definite person, the personal a
is not used.
B. De
The preposition de (of, from, about, with, in) indicates possession, material,
and origin. It is also used in the following ways:
to refer to a specific period of the day or night when telling time
-Ayer buceamos hasta las tres de
la tarde.
"Yesterday we dived until three in
the afternoon."
after the superlative, to express in or of
-Orlando es el más simpático de la
familia.
"Orlando is the nicest in the
family."
to describe personal physical characteristics
-Es morena, de ojos negros. "She is brunette, with dark eyes."
as a synonym for sobre or acerca de (about)
-Hablaban de todo menos de
deporte.
"They were talking about
everything except about sports."
C. En
The preposition en (at, in, on, inside, over) in general situates someone or
something within an area of time or space. It is used for the following
purposes:
to refer to a definite place
-Están en el campo de golf. "They are on the golf course."
as a synonym for sobre (on)
-Está sentada en la silla. "She is sitting in the chair."
to indicate means of transportation
-Nunca he viajado en avión. "I have never traveled by plane."
3 The present perfect subjunctive (El pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo)
The present perfect subjunctive is formed with the present subjunctive of
the auxiliary verb haber + the past participle (-ado/-ido) of the main verb.
Present subjunctive of haber
haya hayamos
hayas hayáis + -ado/-ido
haya hayan
Formation of the Present Perfect Subjunctive
yo haya cambiado
tú hayas temido
Ud.
él } haya salido
ella
nosotros(-as) hayamos hecho
vosotros(-as) hayáis puesto
Uds.
ellos } hayan visto
ellas
The present perfect subjunctive is used in the same way as the present
perfect tense in English, but only in sentences that require the subjunctive
in the subordinate clause. It is used to describe events that have ended
prior to the time indicated in the main clause.
-Me alegro de que hayas venido.
-Es una lástima que papá no haya podido venir conmigo.
-¿Hay alguien aquí que haya estado en Guadalajara?
-No, no hay nadie que haya viajado a México.
"I'm glad you have come."
"It is a pity that Dad has not been able to come with me."
"Is there anyone here who has been in Guadalajara?"
"No, there's no one who has travelled to Mexico."
Vocabulario lección 16
la actividad activity
el artículo article
atlético(a) athletic
divino(a) divine
el estadio stadium
millonario(a) millionaire
el plástico plastic
el tenis tennis
el voleibol volleyball
la actividad al aire libre outdoor activity
el asado barbecue
el (la) campeón(-ona) champion
la entrada ticket (to an event)
el fútbol soccer
el jardín de infantes (de infancia) kindergarten
la misa mass (Catholic service)
la ostra oyster
la tienda de campaña tent
aburrirse to be bored
acampar to camp
ahogarse to drown
armar to pitch (a tent)
broncearse to get a tan
caerse (yo me caigo) to fall
escalar to climb
esquiar to ski
ganar to win
patinar to skate
pescar to fish
divertido(a) fun
enamorado(a) + de in love (with)
loco(a) crazy
orgulloso(a) proud
propio(a) own
a nuestra disposición at our disposal
aburrirse como una ostra to be bored to death
como about
dejar tranquilo(a) to leave alone
hacer surfing to surf
hacer (tener) un picnic to have a picnic
ir a acampar to go camping
ir a pescar to go fishing
no es nada orgulloso(a) he(she) is not proud at all
una vez once
el velero sailing
el mar sea
la tabla de mar surfboard
el esquí acuático water ski
bucear to snorkle
remar to row
el bote, la barca boat
el traje de baño swimsuit
montar a caballo to go horseback riding
la arena sand
el/la salvavidas lifeguard
montar en bicicleta to go bike riding
tomar el sol to sunbathe
la caña de pescar fishing pole
la cabaña cabin
el campo country, countryside
la canoa canoe
cazar to hunt
divertirse (e:ie) to have fun
la escopeta shotgun
jugar al golf to play golf
jugar al tenis to play tennis
la nieve snow
el palo de golf golf club
el pino pine tree
la raqueta racquet
Lección 17: problemas médicos
Estructuras
1 The pluperfect subjunctive (El pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo) The
pluperfect subjunctive is formed with the imperfect subjunctive of the
auxiliary verb haber & the past participle of the main verb. It is used in the
same way that the past perfect is used in English, but only in sentences in
which the main clause calls for the subjunctive.
Imperfect subjunctive of haber
hubiera hubiéramos
hubieras hubierais
hubiera hubieran
Formation of the Pluperfect Subjunctive
yo hubiera hablado nosotros(-as) hubiéramos visto
tú hubieras comido vosotros(-as) hubierais hecho
Ud. /él /ella hubiera vivido Uds. /ellos/ellas hubieran vuelto
-Yo me alegré de que ellos
hubieran vendido el coche.
"I was glad that they had sold the
car."
-Sí, porque no servía para nada. "Yes, because it was no good.”
-¿No había nadie que hubiera
visto esa película?
"Wasn't there anybody who had
seen that movie?"
-Sí, Eva la había visto ya. “Yes, Eva had already seen it."
2 If clauses (Cláusulas con si)
*In Spanish, the imperfect subjunctive is used in if clauses when a
contrary-to-fact statement is made.
-Si tuviera dinero, compraría la
batería hoy.
"If I had money, I would buy the
battery today."
-Usa tu tarjeta de crédito… "Use your credit card…"
*Note that the imperfect subjunctive is used in the if clause and the
conditional is used in the main clause. When a statement expresses a
contrary-to-fact situation in the past, the pluperfect subjunctive is used in
the if clause and the conditional perfect is used in the main clause.
-No pude comprar el coche. "I wasn't able to buy the car."
-Si hubieras ahorrado tu dinero,
habrías podido comprarlo.
"If you had saved your money, you
would have been able to buy it."
*The imperfect subjunctive is also used in if clauses that express an unlikely
fact, or simply the Spanish equivalent of the English if . . . were to . . .
-Si Raúl me invitara a salir con
él, aceptaría.
"If Raúl were to ask me to go out
with him, I would accept."
-No creo que te invite… "I don't think he'll ask you . . . "
*The imperfect subjunctive is also used after the expression como si (as if).
-Pepe se compró otro coche. "Pepe bought himself another car."
-Ese hombre gasta dinero como
si fuera millonario.
"That man spends money as if he
were a millionaire."
*When an if clause refers to something that is possible or likely to happen,
the indicative is used.
-¿Me vas a comprar los zapatos? "Are you going to buy me the
shoes?"
-Si tengo dinero, te los compro. "If I have money, I'll buy them for
you."
*The present subjunctive is never used in an if clause.
3 Summary of the uses of the subjunctive (Resumen de los usos del
subjuntivo)
Use the subjunctive . . .
After verbs of volition (when there is change of subject).
Yo quiero que él salga.
After verbs of emotion (when there is change of subject).
Me alegro de que tú estés aquí.
Use the subjunctive . . .
To express doubt, denial, and disbelief.
Dudo que pueda venir.
Niego que él esté aquí.
No creo que él vaya con Eva.
To refer to the indefinite or non-existent.
Busco una casa que sea cómoda.
No había nadie que lo supiera.
With certain conjunctions when referring to a future action.
Lo llamaré cuando llegue.
In an if clause, to refer to something contrary-to-fact or to
something impossible or very improbable.
Si pudiera, iría.
Si el presidente me invitara a la Casa Blanca, yo aceptaría.
Use the infinitive . . .
After verbs of volition (when there is no change of subject).
Yo quiero salir.
After verbs of emotion (when there is no change of subject).
Me alegro de estar aquí.
Use the indicative . . .
When there is no doubt, denial, or disbelief.
No dudo que puede venir.
No niego que él está aquí.
Creo que él va con Eva.
To refer to something specific.
Tengo una casa que es cómoda.
Había alguien que lo sabía.
With certain conjunctions when there is no indication of future
action.
Lo llamo cuando llego.
In an if clause, when not referring to anything that is contrary-to-
fact, impossible, or very improbable.
Si puedo, iré.
Si Juan me invita a su casa, aceptaré.
Vocabulario lección 17
el (la) asistente assistant
el (la) candidato(a) candidate
la correspondencia correspondance
la decisión decision
especializado(a) specialized
la evaluación evaluation
exactamente exactly
el fax (facsímile) fax
la filosofía philosophy
la importación import
impresionado(a) impressed
el (la) intérprete interpreter
el personal personnel
el (la) presidente(a) president
la recomendación recommendation
la responsabilidad responsibility
el resumé, el currículum vitae résumé, curriculum vitae
la selección selection
la supervisión supervision
el (la) supervisor(a) supervisor
el (la) accionista shareholder
el aumento increase
la carpeta folder
la carta letter
la compra purchase
el (la) contador(a) público(a) certified public accountant
el departamento de compras purchasing department
la entrevista interview
el equipo electrónico electronic equipment
la fotocopiadora photocopy machine
el (la) jefe(a) boss, chief
el (la) jefe(a) de compras purchasing manager
la máquina contestadora answering machine
el mercadeo marketing
el mundo world
el negocio business
la palabra word
el procesador de textos word processor
el puesto postion, job
el sistema de comunicación telefónica telephone system
el sueldo, el salario salary
el (la) traductor(a) translator
la videograbadora VCR
archivar to archive, file
compensar to compensate
continuar to continue
desempeñar to perform (a job)
entrevistar to interview
ofrecer (yo ofrezco) to offer
antiguo(a) former
encargardo(a) in charge
joven young
principal main
último(a) last
bajo under
el correo electrónico e-mail
en vez de instead of
estar a cargo to type
mañana mismo tomorrow and not a day later
quedar impresionado(a) to be impressed
servir de to serve as
sobre todo above all, especially
tan so
la computadora portátil PC
la impresora printer
el disco compacto CD
la memoria flash portátil Flashdrive
el teclado keyboard
la pantalla screen, monitor
la computadora, el ordenador computer
el ratón mouse
el disco versátil digital (DVD) DVD
el(la) administrador(a) administrator
el(la) agente de bienes raíces real estate agent
el(la) agente de relaciones públicas public relations agent
el(la) agente de seguros insurance agent
el(la) bolsista stockbroker
el(la) comprador(a) buyer
el despacho office
el(la)empleado(a) bancario(a) bank employee
el(la) gerente manager
Lección 18: ¡Este coche no sirve!
Estructuras
1 Uses of some prepositions after certain verbs (Usos de algunas preposiciones con ciertos verbos)
In Spanish, some verbs are used with prepositions that have no equivalent to
or are different from the ones used in English. The prepositions used most
often are a, de, con, and en.
The preposition a
aprender a to learn (how)
asistir a to attend
ayudar a to help
empezar a to begin, to start
comenzar a to begin, to start
enseñar a to teach
invitar a to invite
ir a to go
venir a to come
-¿Fuiste a estudiar con Rafael?
-Sí, empezamos a estudiar para el
examen final.
-Yo quiero aprender a bailar bailes
latinoamericanos.
-Yo te puedo enseñar a bailar.
"Did you go to study with Rafael?"
"Yes, we started to study for the
final exam."
"I want to learn how to dance Latin
American dances."
"I can teach you how to dance."
The preposition de
acordarse de to remember
alegrarse de to be glad
enamorarse de to fall in love with
-No te olvides de llamar al médico.
-Bueno…, y tú, acuérdate de tomar
las pastillas.
"Don't forget to call the doctor."
"Okay . . . , and you, remember to
take your pills."
The preposition con
casarse con to marry, to get married to
comprometerse con to get engaged to
soñar con to dream about (of)
-Teresa se comprometió con Antonio.
-Debe estar muy contenta. Siempre soñó con casarse con él.
"Teresa got engaged to Antonio."
"She must be very happy. She always dreamed of marrying him."
The preposition en
fijarse en to notice
insistir en to insist on
pensar en to think about
-¿En que estás pensando?
-Estoy pensando en la fiesta de
Beatriz. Ella insistió en invitar a
Pablo y él siempre causa
problemas…
"What are you thinking about?"
"I am thinking about Beatriz's
party. She insisted on inviting
Pablo and he always causes
problems . . ."
2 Uses or por and para in certain expressions
A. Expressions with por
The following idiomatic expressions use por.
por aquí cerca around here, this way
por desgracia unfortunately
por eso for that reason, that's why
por fin at last, finally
por completo completely
por lo general in general por si acaso just in case
por suerte luckily, fortunately
por supuesto of course
-¿Conseguiste la banda sonora de la
película?
"Did you get the movie sound
track?"
-No, por desgracia no pude
consguirla.
"No, unfortunately I wasn't able
to get it."
-Hay una tienda por aquí cerca que
la tiene.
"There's a store around here that
has it.
¿Quieres que te la compre? Do you want me to buy it for you?"
B. Expressions with para
The following idiomatic expressions use para.
para eso for that (used sarcastically or contemptuously) para peor to make matters worse
¿para qué? what for?
para siempre forever
sin qué ni para qué without rhyme or reason
-¿Para qué te vas a poner ese "What are you going to wear such
vestido tan elegante? an elegant dress for?"
-Para ir a la cena con Beto. "To go to dinner with Beto.
Me va a llevar a comer una
hamburguesa.
He's taking me out for a hamburger."
-¿Y para eso te pones tu mejor
vestido?
"And for that you're wearing your
best dress?"
3 Some idiomatic expressions
a más tardar at the least
Van a estrenar la película la
próxima semana a más tardar.
The movie will be shown for the
first time next week at the latest.
a principios de the first part of (a month, a year, etc.)
El grupo musical de Sevilla The musical group from Sevilla
viene a principios de mes. is coming during the first part of the
month.
dar las gracias to express gratitude
El actor dio las gracias The actor expressed his gratitude
cuando recibió el Oscar. when he received the Oscar.
darle rabia a uno to be furious
Me dio rabia cuando el crítico dijo I became furious when the critic said
que la película era mala. (that) the movie was bad.
de repente, de pronto suddenly
De repente decidieron de cambiar They suddenly decided to change
la programación del canal. the channel's programming.
dejar plantado(-a) a alguien to stand somebody up
La novia lo dejó plantado en el altar. The bride stood him up at the altar.
hacerse ilusiones to dream, to fool oneself
¡No te hagas ilusiones¡ Tú no
puedes pertecener
Don't fool yourself. You can't
belong toa ese club tan exclusivo.
that exclusive club.
hoy en día nowadays
Hoy en día muchas películas tienen
efectos especiales.
Nowadays many movies have
special effects.
importarle a uno to matter, to concern
La trama es interesante. The plot is interesting.
No me importa lo que digan los críticos. It doesn't matter what the
critics say.
llevar puesto(-a) to have on, to be wearing (clothes)
El vestido que la actriz llevaba
puesto era horrible.
The dress the actress was wearing
was horrible.
sin falta without fail
Elba es muy puntual, así que
tenemos que estar allí a las seis sin
falta.
Elba is very punctual, so we have to
be there at six o'clock without
fail.
tarde o temprano sooner or later
No te preocupes. Tarde o temprano
él admitirá que tú tienes razón.
Don't worry. Sooner or later he'll
admit that you're right.
Vocabulario lección 18
la acción action
el actor actor
la actriz actress
el(la) crítico(a) critic
la columna column
el(la)director(a) director
el documental documentary
el efecto especial special effect
el grupo group
musical musical
el(la) bailarín(-ina) dancer
la boda wedding
la ciencia ficción science fiction
el(la) director(a) de cine movie director
la guerra war
la ilusión dream
la obra de teatro, la obra teatral play
la película de misterio mystery movie, murder mystery
la programación programming
el teatro de aficionados amateur theatre
la trama plot
burlarse (de) to make fun (of)
criticar to criticize
dirigir to direct
ensayar to rehearse
filmar to film, to make a movie
grabar to tape
interesar to interest
perderse to miss (out on something)
pertenecer (yo pertenezco) to belong
presentar to present
comprometido(a) engaged
entrante next
verdadero(a) real
¿A cuánto estamos hoy? What's the date today?
al fin y al cabo after all
así que so
estar loco(a) por to be crazy about
al mes entrante next month
¡Que esperen! Let them wait!
seguir los pasos to follow in the footsteps
tener éxito to be successful
todo el mundo everybody
tomarle el pelo (a alguien) to pull someone's leg, to tease
venirle de perillas a uno to suit one to perfection
la actuación acting
el avance preview
la banda sonora soundtrack
la cartelera movie section
los dibujos animados cartoons
el espectáculo show
estrenar to show for the first time, to debut
el estreno première
el festival de cine film festival
el guión, el libreto script, screenplay
la música music
el músico musician
la orquesta orchestra
la pantalla movie screen
el papel role
la película de suspenso thriller
la película del oeste (de vaqueros) western movie
el personaje character
el (la) productor(a) producer
el(la) protagonista main character, protagonist
el reparto(la distribución) de papeles casting, cast