lecture 1: project initiation a project is a sequence of unique, complex, and connected activities...
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TRANSCRIPT
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BTS330Lecture 1: Project Initiation
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Definition of a Project
A Project is a sequence of unique, complex, and connected activities having one goal or purpose and that must be completed by a specific time, within budget, and according to specification. ( p. 65)
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Information Systems
Information systems are crucial to modern business
Key to success is thorough systems analysis and design
Systems analyst is a key individual in these activities
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The Analyst
Business problem solver Practical knowledge▪ Computers▪ Computer programming
Understands business problems
Uses logical method for solving problems
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Analyst’s Approach to Problem Solving
Research problem
Verify benefits outweigh costs
Develop solutions
Recommend best solution
Define solution
Implement solution
Monitor results
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Systems that Solve Business Problems
Information systems Collection of interrelated components that
collect, process, store, and provide as output the information needed to complete business tasks
Super systems Large systems that can be divided into sub
systems Example, system for the 2009 Canada
Games Functional decomposition
Dividing a system into components based on subsystems that in turn are further divided into subsystems (based on the Use Case Diagrams)
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Types of Information Systems
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Information Systems and Subsystems
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System Boundary vs. Automation Boundary
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Information Systems and Component Parts
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Required Skills of the Systems Analyst
Technical knowledge and skills Computer hardware, software, databases,
and related devices Tools to help develop analysis or design
specifications Techniques for completing specific
development activities Business knowledge and skills
Organizational structure Functional work processes
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Required Skills of the Systems Analyst
People knowledge and skills Communication Teams
Ethics and integrity
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Environment Surrounding the Analyst
Information system configurations encountered will range from PC to large mainframe systems
Job titles of the systems analyst vary greatly
Places of employment vary from small businesses to large corporations
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Strategic Systems Plan for Rocky Mountain Outfitters
Overview
In 1978, began supplying winter sports clothes in Park City, Utah
Expansion into direct mail-order sales By late 1990s, RMO had become a large,
regional sports clothing distributor Today, over $100 million in annual sales Mail-order is key revenue at $70 million
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RMO Organizational Structure
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RMO Locations
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RMO Information Systems Department
Headed by Mac Preston, an assistant vice president
50 employees in department Mac is in process of implementing
strategic IS plan Eventually, John Blankens will assume
leadership of IS Department if Mac’s plan succeeds
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IS Department Staffing
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RMO Technology Overview
Most IS staff and technology located in data center at Park City
Mainframe-based system supports primary business functions
Central office functions, distribution centers, and manufacturing centers supported with LANs
Dial-up capability to mainframe
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Existing Systems at RMO
Retail store systems Point-of-sale and batch inventory update
Office systems LAN with office software and e-mail
Merchandising/Distribution Mainframe application with COBOL/CICS,
IBM DB2 and VSAM developed in-house
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Existing Systems at RMO
Mail order
COBOL application developed in-house
Phone order
Access system developed in-house
Human resources
Mainframe-based application developed in-house
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Existing Systems at RMO
Accounting/Finance
Mainframe package from leading vendor implemented 10 years earlier
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IS Strategic Plan at RMO
Strategic thrust
Build more direct customer contact Improve service
Expand beyond Western states
Expand phone-order capability Add direct customer access via the Internet
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RMO Application Architecture Plan
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RMO Technology Architecture Plan
Move business applications to client-server architecture; use mainframe for database
Move toward conducting business on the Internet
Anticipate eventual move toward intranet solutions
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RMO Application Architecture Plan
Accounting/Finance Purchase client-server package
Human resources Purchase intranet package to maximize
employee access to appropriate information Customer support system
Order-processing and fulfillment for phone, mail, and direct customer access
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RMO Application Architecture Plan
Inventory management system
Integrate with customer support
Retail store systems
Integrate store management systems with inventory systems
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Application Architecture Time Frame
First: Customer support system Second: Inventory management system Third: Retail store systems with inventory
management Fourth: Human resources and
accounting/finance
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Major Subsystems
Customer support system
Order entry Customer service/catalog Order tracking Shipping Back orders Returns Sales analysis
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Major Subsystems
Inventory management system Vendor management Manufacturing requirements planning Normal volume ordering and
reordering Emergency out-of-stock ordering Cost tracking Aging of inventory stock Turnover analysis Warehouse goods tracking
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Project Initiation
Long-term information systems strategic plan (top-down)
Department managers or process managers (bottom-up)
Response to outside forces Legislative changes Market forces Competition
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Project Initiation for RMO
Strategic thrust to build more direct customer contact
Customer support system development
Barbara Halifax - project manager Steven Deerfield - systems analyst Support all types of customer services
▪ Ordering, returns, on-line catalog, et cetera
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Assignment
Each team is to decompose the super system necessary to run the Canada Games 2009 into major systems based on category. For example, Volunteer System
Then you are to further decompose each of those systems into subsystems. For example, uniforms, Identification, staffing.
Note: The team that present the most complete decomposition will receive 2 bonus marks for the semester. This winner will be decided by the classes’ evaluation.