lecture #13 date ______ chapter 31 ~ fungi. fungi heterotrophic by absorption (exoenzymes)...

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Lecture #13 Lecture #13 Date Date ______ ______ Chapter 31 ~ Fungi

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Page 1: Lecture #13 Date ______ Chapter 31 ~ Fungi. Fungi Heterotrophic by absorption (exoenzymes) Decomposers (saprobes), parasites, mutualistic symbionts (lichens)

Lecture #13Lecture #13 Date ______Date ______

• Chapter 31 ~ Fungi

Page 2: Lecture #13 Date ______ Chapter 31 ~ Fungi. Fungi Heterotrophic by absorption (exoenzymes) Decomposers (saprobes), parasites, mutualistic symbionts (lichens)

FungiFungi

• Heterotrophic by absorption (exoenzymes)

• Decomposers (saprobes), parasites, mutualistic symbionts (lichens)

• Hyphae: body filaments •septate (cross walls) •coenocytic (no cross walls)

• Mycelium: network of hyphae• Chitin cell walls (polysaccharide)

Page 3: Lecture #13 Date ______ Chapter 31 ~ Fungi. Fungi Heterotrophic by absorption (exoenzymes) Decomposers (saprobes), parasites, mutualistic symbionts (lichens)

Fungi Diversity, IFungi Diversity, I

• Phy: Chytridiomycota •aquatic fungi; chytrids •lineage closest to protists (flagella)

• Phy: Zygomycota •Rhizopus (food mold) •mycorrhizae: mutualistic with plant roots •zygosporangia: resistant structure (freezing and drying)

Page 4: Lecture #13 Date ______ Chapter 31 ~ Fungi. Fungi Heterotrophic by absorption (exoenzymes) Decomposers (saprobes), parasites, mutualistic symbionts (lichens)

Fungi Diversity, IIFungi Diversity, II

• Phy.: Ascomycota •sac fungi • yeasts, truffles, morels,

Sordaria •asci: sexual spores •conidia: asexual spores

• Phy.: Basidiomycota • club fungus •mushrooms, puffballs, shelf fungus, rusts •basidiocarps: produce sexual spores

Page 5: Lecture #13 Date ______ Chapter 31 ~ Fungi. Fungi Heterotrophic by absorption (exoenzymes) Decomposers (saprobes), parasites, mutualistic symbionts (lichens)

Specialized Lifestyles, ISpecialized Lifestyles, I

• Molds •only the asexual stage

(asexual spores) •Penicillium (antibiotic,

cheese)

• Yeasts •unicellular, asexual budding •Saccharomyces (bread,

alcohol)

Page 6: Lecture #13 Date ______ Chapter 31 ~ Fungi. Fungi Heterotrophic by absorption (exoenzymes) Decomposers (saprobes), parasites, mutualistic symbionts (lichens)

Specialized Lifestyles, IISpecialized Lifestyles, II

• Lichens • symbiotic association held in a hyphae mesh •alga provides food, fungus provides physical environment •pioneer organisms •air pollution detection

• Mycorrhizae •root and fungi mutualism •found in 95% of vascular plants •exchange of organic minerals •increases absorptive surface of

roots