Lecture 2:

The Gilded Age and Progressive Era

History 2020, United States History 2

The Gilded AgeA. Characteristics of the Gilded Age and Capitalism:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Conceptions of Laissez-faire and Class Warfare: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Gilded AgeC. Defending the Gilded Age (Herbert Spencer):

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

D. William Graham Sumner: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Gilded Age

E. Andrew Carnegie: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Gilded AgeF. Russell Conwell:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

G. The Gilded Age: ______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Growth of CitiesA. Growth and Population:

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Quality of Life: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

ReactionA. Socialism:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Communism: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Anarchism: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

D. Labor Unions: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Technological InnovationA. Railroad:

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Barbed Wire: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Telephone: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Technological InnovationD. Edison and the Phonograph:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Technological InnovationE. Edison’s Electric Light System:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

F. Henry Ford’s Automobile: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Technological InnovationG. Other Late 19th/Early 20th Century Innovations:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Leisure and SportA. Evolution of Leisure:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Evolution of American Sport: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Importance of Sport as History: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Early American SportA. Early Sports:

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Football: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Basketball: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

BaseballA. Origins:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Doubleday and Cartwright: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Evolution of Clubs: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

D. Leagues: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Era of StalemateA. Definition:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. The Presidency: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Political Parties: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

D. Judiciary: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Judicial Revolution of 1890A. Definition/Mugler v. Kansas:

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. US v. Knight: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Plessy v. Ferguson: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Election of 1880A. Era of Stalemate:

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Spoils and Merit Systems: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Characteristics of 1880: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

D. Aftermath of the Election: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Election of 1884A. Grover Cleveland:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. James G. Blaine: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Controversy: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

D. Mugwumps and Burchard: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Elections of 1888 and 1892A. 1888 and the Harrison Administration:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Election of 1892: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Second Cleveland AdministrationA. Interesting Facts about Grover Cleveland:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. The Silver Issue and Depression of 1893: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Coxey’s Army: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Second Cleveland Administration:A. Pullman Palace Car Company and Pullman, Illinois:

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Strike: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Election of 1896A. William McKinley:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. William Jennings Bryan: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Cross of Gold: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

D. Results: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Progressive EraA. Progressivism:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Common Progressive Reforms/Aims: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. John Dewey and Education: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Progressive EraD. Lester Frank Ward:

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

E. Henry George and the Single Tax: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Progressive EraF. Ethical Elite:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

G. Booker T. Washington: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

H. W. E. B. Du Bois: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

National ReformA. Income Tax:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Direct Election of Senators: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Prohibition: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

National ReformD. Women’s Suffrage:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

E. Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

F. RMS Titanic: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

G. Muckrakers: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

McKinleyA. Erdman Act:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Hawaii: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Election of 1900: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

D. Intervention into Cuba and McKinley: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

McKinleyE. USS Maine:

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

F. Spanish American War: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Theodore RooseveltA. Assassination of William McKinley:

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Early Characteristics and Political Career: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Plot to Bury Roosevelt: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Theodore RooseveltD. Panama Canal:

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

E. Election of 1904: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

F. Domestic Policy and the Square Deal: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Theodore RooseveltG. Diplomacy and Imperialism:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

G. Russo-Japanese War: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Election of 1912A. Election of 1908 and William Howard Taft:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Bull Moose: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Election Results: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Election of 1912A. Underwood Tariff:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Federal Reserve: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________