lecture 3 a isometric and orthographic sketching 2009
TRANSCRIPT
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Engineering DesignGE121
Isometric and Orthographic Sketching
Lecture 3A
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Engineering Drawing vs. Sketching
Engineering DrawingsUsed as output of the design process to
communicate the final design for productionPrecise lines and arcs, detailed, and almost
always to scaleEngineering Sketching
Used at conceptual stage of designFreehand, general shapes and sizes, often
just ballpark dimensions, not to a precise scale, but rather simply relative proportions
We will be primarily sketching
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Unfolding the ‘Glass Box’
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Layout of ViewsStandard Top Front & Right Side
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Sketching - Oblique Representation
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Sketching - Isometric Representation
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Isometric to Orthographic
Orthographic Views are used extensively in engineering
Often, they must be produced from a 3D object or possibly an existing Isometric drawing or sketch
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Isometric to OrthographicHints for Orthographic Sketching
• Identify the major features and overall dimensions• Use clean, crisp strokes• Do not use straightedges or scales when sketching• Start by drawing bounding boxes and a miter line, using
construction lines• Align the views• Use light construction lines to locate vertices and edges• Only measure dimensions along primary axes• Map inclined and oblique faces between all three views• Follow the precedence of lines• Doublecheck to make sure there are no missing hidden
or center lines• Darken all visible, hidden and center lines
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Iso to Ortho
Block in the 3 views using overall width, height and depth
Front View first, then project height and width using construction lines
Make sure depth is the same on Top and Right Views
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Iso to Ortho
Lightly block in major features in each view
Place circles in views where they look round
Begin darkening major features
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Iso to Ortho
Construction lines can be used to project location or size of one feature to another view
A miter line can be used to project Depth dimensions
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Iso to Ortho
Finish adding all final lines
Be sure to add all hidden and center lines
Darken all final lines
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Iso to Ortho
Completed Sketch with construction lines erased
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Orthographic to IsometricOrthographic
drawings are common in engineering. Visualizing or creating the Isometric View is a critical engineering skill
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Orthographic to Isometric• Hints for Isometric Sketching
• Identify major features and overall dimensions• Use clean, crisp strokes• Do not use straightedges or scales when sketching• Start by drawing a bounding box, using construction lines• Only measure dimensions along the primary axes• Do not directly transfer angles from a multiview to a
pictorial• Use light construction lines to locate vertices and edges• Sketch faces roughly in this order:
1. Normal faces on the perimeter of the bounding box2. Normal faces in the interior of the bounding box3. Inclined faces4. Oblique faces
• Darken all object lines
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Ortho to Iso
Set up Isometric Axis using 1 vertical line and 2 lines at 30 degrees from horizontal
Estimate the overall width height and depth of the object, and sketch the edges of a block that would completely enclose the object
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Ortho to Iso
Sketch the outline of the front face using lines parallel and equal in length to the two previous height and width edges
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Ortho to Iso
Sketch the outlines of the top and side faces using the same basic procedure as used for the front face
Begin sketching start/end points of major features
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Ortho to Iso
Begin darkening major features as they are developed
Locate start/end points of additional and smaller features
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Ortho to Iso
Locate and sketch start/end points for non-isometric lines such as the angled surface
Sketch and darken the non-isometric features
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Ortho to Iso
Completed Isometric Sketch with construction lines erased
Isom
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GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Activity
Sketch a closed cell phone in Isometric View, and then in the 3 Standard Orthographic Views (Front, Top and Right Side)
If you complete early, attempt the same with the phone in the open position
Reference Images on the following slide for those without a cell phone to sketch
Isom
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& O
rtho
grap
hic
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ngIs
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ric &
Ort
hogr
aphi
c S
ketc
hing
GE 121 – Engineering Design - 2009
Reference Images